建平中学2019届高三英语期中测试2018.11第I卷（共100分）Ⅰ. Listening (略)II. Grammar & vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Last year, a report by a committee of education experts said that a lot of American students cannot write well. The report noted the concerns of business leaders and teachers. The experts said that more students should have to pass a writing test (21) they can finish high school. They pointed out that major college entrance tests are changing now (22) (include) a writing part.Educators know that teaching students to write well is not easy. One problem is the amount of time needed to read through large amounts of work. So some companies (23)（develop）computer programs that can grade student writing much more quickly than a person can. Writing tests can also cost (24) (little) to carry out by computer than paper-and-pencil. These computer systems ,known as e-readers, use artificial (人工的) intelligence to think in a way(25) teachers. For two years, both a computer and humans graded the student writing. Officials say there was almost no difference between the computer grades and (26)given by the human readers.The entrance test commonly (27)(use) by business schools, the GMAT, already uses e-readers. The GRE and TOEFL tests might start; officials are deciding.Systems (28)(use) to grade writing in college classes as well. The computers read a few hundred examples of student writing already graded by humans. Then the systems compare new writings against those already examined.Some teachers say machines can never do the job as well as people can. A computer can find spelling and grammar mistakes. But these teachers say it can never really understand (29)a writer is trying to say. Critics say a program cannot follow a thought or judge humor or understand a beautifully expressed idea.But inventors of the programs say computer grading guarantees that each piece of writing is graded in the same way. They also say the systems (30) (mean) to judge knowledge more than creativity.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word choose from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that is one word than you need.A.controlledB. unconsciouslyC. flowedD. yieldsE. typicalF. accumulatedG.peculiar H. properties I. pyramid J. distinct K. logicalBotany, the study of plants, occupies a(an) 31.__________ position in the history of human knowledge. We don’t know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must extremely ancient. This is 32.__________ . Plants are the basis of the food 33.__________ for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, eyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungles of the Amazon recognized accurately hundreds of plants and know many 34.__________ of each. To them, botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of knowledge at all.Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less 35.__________ our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes 36.__________ on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer 37.__________ the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them 38.__________ the marvel of agriculture; cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the 39.__________ production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the 40.__________ knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and close relationship with plants in the wild would begin fade away.II . ReadingSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Scientists in Norway have more good news for coffee drinkers. Researchers have already found evidence that the drink or the beans can help with weight loss, (41) one’s risk of developing s ome disease, promote muscle growth, protect against certain types of cancers, and can even reduce one’s risk of premature death, among many other (42).Now comes word that a cup of (43) reduces physical pain.The surprising finding is (44) a study involving 48 volunteers who agreed to spend 90 minutes performing fake computer tasks meant to finish office work. The tasks were known to (45) pain in the shoulders, neck, forearms and wrists. The researchers wanted to (46)how people with pain and those who were pain-free tolerated the tasks. As a matter of convenience, the scientists allowed people to drink coffee before taking the test “to avoid (47) effects of caffeine deprivation, e.g. decreased vigor and alertness, sleepiness, and fatigue,” they reported.But when it came time to analyze the da ta, the researchers from Norway’s National Institute of Occupational Health and Oslo University Hospital noticed that the 19 people who drank coffee reported a lower (48) of pain than the 29 people who didn’t. In the shoulders and neck, (49) , the average pain was rated 41 (on a 100-point scale) among the coffee drinkers and 55 for the no coffee drinkers. Similar gaps were found for all pain sites measured, and coffee's apparent pain-reduction effect (50).The authors of the study, which was published this week in the journal BMC Research Notes, warn that the results of the study come with many (51). For starters, the researchers don’t know how much coffee the coffee-drinkers drank before taking the computer tests. (52) , they doubt that the coffee drinkers and abstainers were (53) in all respects except for their coffee consumption. Problems like these tend to (54) the importance of the findings. But those doubt are (55) to trouble the coffee drinkers looking for any reason not to cut back on their daily caffeine habit.41.A. takeB. reduceC. increaseD. face4 2. A. profits B. advises C. benefits D.promotions43.A. milkB. waterC. cokeD. coffee4 4. A. based on B. fond of C.different from D.qualifiedfor45.A. causeB. endureC. easeD. relieve46.A. warnB. compareC. cureD. treat47.A. unpleasantB. modestC. significantD. positive4 8. A. tendency B. intention C. intensity D.extension4 9. A. on the contrary B. as a result C. for instance D. in oneword50.A. turned upB. took upC. put upD. gave up5 1. A. satisfaction B. uncertainties C. consequences D.qualifications5 2. A. Moreover B. However C. Otherwise D.Nevertheless5 A. contemporary B. similar C. different D. initial3.54.A. realizeB. attachC. demonstrateD. weaken5 5. A. unlikely B. sensible C. jealous D.miserableSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Everyone gathered around and Paddy read out loud, slowly, his tone growing sadder and sadder. The little headline said: BOXER RECEIVES LIFF SENTENCE.Frank Cleary, aged 26, professional boxer, was today found guilty of the murder of Albert Gumming, aged 32, laborer, last July. The jury reached its decision after only ten minutes, recommending the most severe punishment to the court. It was, said the Judge, a simple case. Cumming and Cleary had quarreled violently at the Harbour Hotel on July 23rd and police saw Cleary kicking at the head of the unconscious Gumming. When arrested, Cleary was drunk but clear-thinking．Cleary was sentenced to life imprisonment with hard labour. Asked if he had anything to say, Cleary answered, "Just don’t tell my mother."" It happened over three years ago," Paddy said helplessly. No one answered him or moved, for no one knew what to do. "Just don’t tell my mother," said Fee numbly. "And no one did! Oh, God! My poor, poor Frank!"Paddy wiped the tears from his face and said. "Fee, pack your things. We’ll go to see him."She half-rose before sinking back, her eyes in her small white face stared as if dead. "I can’t go," she said without a hint of pain, yet making everyone feel that the pain was there. "It would kill him to see me. I know him so well—his pride, his ambition. Let him bear the shame alone, it’s what he wants. We’ve got to help him keep his secr et. What good will it do him to see us?"Paddy was still weeping, not for Frank, but for the life which had gone from Fee’s face, for the dying in her eyes. Frank had always brought bitterness and misfortune, always stood between Fee and himself. He was the cause of her withdrawal from his heart and the hearts of his children. Every time it looked as if there might be happiness for Fee, Frank look it away. But Paddy’s love for her was as deep and impossible to wipe out as hers was for Frank.So he said, "We ll, Fee, we won’t go. But we must make sure he is taken care of. How about if I write to Father Jones and ask him to look out for Frank?"There was no excitement in the eyes, but a faint pink stole into her cheeks." Yes, Paddy, do that. Only make sure he k nows not to tell Frank we found out. Perhaps it would ease Frank to think for certain that we don’t know."56. Paddy cried because he thought ______．A．Frank did kill someone and deserved the punishmentB．Frank should have told Fee what had happenedC．what had happened to Frank was killing FeeD．Frank had always been a man of bad moral character57. The underlined sentence "She half-rose before sinking back…" in Paragraph 6 shows that .A．Fee was so heart-broken that she could hardly stand upB．Fee didn’t want to upset Paddy by visiting FrankC．Fee couldn’t leave her family to go to see FrankD．Fee struggled between wanting to see Frank and respecting his wish58. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The jury and the judge agreed on the Boxer’s Sentenc e of Life Imprisonment.B. The police found Gumming unconscious, heavily struck by Frank.C. The family didn’t find out what had happened to Frank until 3 years later.D. Frank didn’t want his family to know the sentence to him, most probably out of his pr ide.59. What is Frank and Paddy’s probable relationship with Fee?A. Frank is Fee’s son and Paddy is Fee’s brother.B. Frank is Fee’s son and Paddy is Fee’s husband.C. Frank is Fee’s brother and Paddy is Fee’s lover.D. Frank is Fee’s lover and Paddy is Fee’s husband.(B)Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre and Exhibition TourOverviewShakespeare's Globe Exhibition is the world's largest exhibition devoted to Shakespeare. Located beneath the reconstructed Globe Theatre on London's Bankside, the exhibition explores the remarkable story of the Globe, and brings Shakespeare's world to life using a range of interactive displays and live demonstrations.Highlights●Tour the reconstructed Globe Theatre and see how plays were staged in Shakespeare's day●All-day access to the interactive Globe Exhibition●Actors, recordings and interactive displays bring Shakespeare's world to lifeScheduleApril 23 to October 99:00am to 5:00pm. On Monday, tours run all day. Tuesday to Saturday, last tour departs at 12:30pm and at 11:30am on Sunday due to performances taking place on these days.October 10 to March 3110:00am to 5:00pm.Important noteRehearsals will also take place throughout the Theatre Season. Please note that access to the Globe Theatre may be restricted and there may be occasions when the Globe tours are unable to run. When the Globe tours are not available, Rose or Bankside tours can be offered instead.Additional info●Inclusions: Entrance fee and all day access to ExhibitionGuided tour of Shakespeare's Globe Theatre (maximum 50 people)●Exclusions: Hotel pickup and drop offFood and drinks, unless specifiedPricingClick the link below to check pricing & availability on your preferred travel date. Our pricing is constantly updated to ensure you always receive the lowest price possible --- we 100% guarantee it.VIEW PRICING AND AVAILABILITY60. The passage can be found ___________.A. in a newspaperB. in a magazineC. on the InternetD. in a guidebook61. In this Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre Tour, we can _________.A. visit the original Globe TheatreB. enjoy a British afternoon tea for freeC. experience Shakespeare’s world in an interactive wayD. visit the exhibition in the Globe Theatre62. What is true about the tour according to the passage?A. Rehearsals may affect the tour.B. The pricing remains the same.C. Performances take place throughout the year.D. The opening hours are the same in May and in November.(C)The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing—Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for$13.5bn，but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service，which doesn’t have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detail ed web of its users’ friendships and social lives．Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities，but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through．Even without knowing what was in the messages，the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be．What political journalist，what party whip，would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currently plotting? It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power．But it is clumsy. For one thing, itis very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power．But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them．The users of their services are not their customers．That would be the people who buy advertising from them—and Facebook and Google，the two virtual giants，dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies．The product they’re selling is data，and we，the users，convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield．Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spamm ers out of our inboxes. It doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship，even if both sides benefit．63. According to Paragraph 1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its____ .A . digital productser informationC.physical assetsD.quality service64. Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may____ .A. worsen political disputesB. mess up customer recordsC. pose a risk to Facebook usersD. mislead the European commission65. Competition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because____ .A. they are not defined as customersB. they are not financially reliableC. the services are generally digitalD. the services are paid for by advertisers66. The author use the metaphor of the ants in the last paragraph to illustrate____ .A. a win-win business model between digital giantsB. a typical competition pattern among digital giantsC. the benefits provided for digital giants ’customersD. the relationship between digital giants and their usersSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.You might wonder what one conscious portion of rice could do for your whole body.B.Americans are lucky to be exposed to lower levels of arsenic.C.This poisonous element is in a wide range of food---including fruits, vegetables and grains.D.Until more studies are done, curb your consumption of arsenic.E.Brown rice appears to be the most effective whole grain for the healthy growth of human beings, but its darker color can easily absorb too much arsenic.F.Brown rice tends to have more arsenic because the metal concentrates in the outer layers, which are burnished off in white rice.We Americans ingest an average of 25 pounds of rice a year---and a portion of that comes from drinking beer. Yes, rice is a sample in our diet. But is it a safe one ? Consumer Reports recently found “troubling” levels of inorganic arsenic, a known human carcinogen (a substance which can cause cancer), in almost every rice-containing food it tested. ________67________. But rice takes up arsenic from soil and water more readily than other grains do.Health-conscious consumes rely on brown rice, which has even more arsenic. In the Consumer Reports test, a quarter cup of uncooked white rice had from 4 to 10 micrograms. Why the difference? ________68________.What about rice cakes? They contained from 2 to 8 micrograms per serving, while hot and ready-to-eat rice cereals had 2 to 7 micrograms. These levels are at least five times higher than those found in other cereals, such as oatmeal.Studies show that people exposed to large amounts of arsenic for many years are more likely to die of cancer. In Bangladesh, people who drank tap water that contained 50 to 149 micrograms of arsenic per liter for 20 or 30 years, for example, were 44 percent more likely to die of cancer. ________69________ (The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency limits the total amount of arsenic in drinking water to 10 micrograms per liter.) But our total risk is unclear. There isn’t enough data to set a limit on inorganic arsenic in food, says the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science.The Bottom Line. ________70________ Consumer Reports recommends that adults eat no more than 11to 22cups of cooked (brown or white) rice a week. And here is a way to lessen risk: Rinse your rice, cook it in six parts water to one part rice until it reaches eating texture, and then pour off the extra water. This can remove about half the arsenic. IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The benefits of having a higher education are manifold（多样的）and range from financial to cultural and from common benefits to some unexpected surprises, below you will find a number of reasons which will help to serve as justification for a higher education.For many high school students, it is hard to imagine what the long term benefits of a college education might be. College is demanding; the work seems challenging, and meeting all new people seems overwhelming. However, what most young people do not realize is that there is a high likelihood at college that you will find new friends with similar interests and values, You may find yourself developing new interests by getting along with those who have completely different life experiences. As opportunity to get to know your professors can also be counted one of the benefits of having a college education. These intellectuals can be counted on to welcome questions and discussion from students. Therefore, one of the key benefits of a college education is the social bonds created and developed during this unique time in a person’s life.Besides, the fact that you’ll be building a career for the rest of your life is reason enough to make time for a college education. Indeed, a clear benefit of a college education is that not only will it give you time to better know your likes and dislikes before entering the labor force, it will also enhance the likelihood of a more successful career for you. Many young people are uncertain about a career path at the start of college. This is a time of exploration, and taking the time to explore a variety of college majors is time well spent.One more justification for higher education could be that its best way to enhance yourself in an all-round way. Getting a good education may be the most important price you can pay for your personal advancement, because perhaps more than anything else, what you do with that huge gray material between your ears will determine your future. You never know where your talent could reach. So higher education can provide you can with the chance to realize your personal value.Therefore never undervalue the benefits of entering a higher education, which surely will bring you something beyond expectation.第II卷（共100分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.他排了好几个小时的队才买到这个新出的iPhone。