Unit 1 知识点1.take place / happen / occur / come about / break out①take place表示“发生、举行、举办”，多指按计划或设想发生。

②happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。

sth happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上，sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事③occur作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于happen。

sth occur to sb某人（突然）想到某事④come about表示“发生、产生”，指事情已发生，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。

⑤break out意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等1). Great changes have ________(发生) in our hometown during the past ten years.2). It _____________________ (我突然想起) I saw him on my way home yesterday.3). I _________ (碰巧) to see your sister crying on my way to school yesterday. I was in such a hurry that I had no time to ask what had happened ________ (介词) her?4). When the Second World War ________(爆发), Tom was only a newborn infant.5). I’ll never understand how it _____(发生) that you were late three times a week.6). A big earthquake _________ (发生) in the south of China last year.2. celebrate / congratulate①celebrate“庆祝”，后面跟某个节日或物。

celebrate sth 庆祝某事in celebration of 为庆祝......②congratulate“祝贺”，congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.“祝贺某人某事”。

1). We all ________ Jessica on her winning the first prize in the writing competition.2). At Christmas the people in the western countries will _______the birth of Jesus.3). Let’s hold a party to ___________ your birthday and at the same time ________ you ___________ your passing the examination.4). They hold a party_________________ their victory .3. award / reward①award n.“奖品”、“奖金”，win/get/receive an award for sth.因......获奖vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给”award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb.②reward n.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬as a rewardvt. 表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意reward sb. for（doing）sth. / reward sb. with sth. 【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。

1). They ________ John the first prize in the contest.2). Is that how you ________ me for my help?3). The film won an ________ ________ its photography.4. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 意思是；意味着；打算；预定1). The sign means that the road is blocked. 这个标志表示此路不通。

2). What do you mean to do with it? 你打算把它怎样处理？3). I mean you to work as our spokesman. 我想请你当我们的代言人。

[重点用法](sth.) mean doing sth. 意味着…(sb) mean to do sth. 打算做…had meant to do sth. 本来打算做某事be meant for 打算作……用；打算给…(sth.) be meant to do sth. 被预定/指定/认为做某事What do／did you mean by...? “你……是什么意思？”1). Can you tell me what this sentence__________ (mean)?2). Your friendship __________ (mean) a great deal ______ (介词) me.3). In some parts of London, missing a bus means ______ (wait) for another hour.4). What did he mean ______ (介词) saying that remark?5). I ____ _____ _____ ____(本来打算来)yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.6). 这些房间是打算用作少年活动中心的。

____________________________________________________________________ 5.admire sb. for sth./ doing sth. 在某方面钦佩某人in admiration赞美地/钦佩地express admiration for sb对某人表示钦佩[练习] 中译英。

1). 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识（bravery）。

____________________________________________________________________ 2). 所有认识他的人都羡慕他取得诺贝尔化学奖（the Nobel Prize for chemistry）。

____________________________________________________________________ 3). 我钦佩地看着那小女孩弹钢琴。

____________________________________________________________________ 6.remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事remind sb. that 从句提醒某人/使某人想起……1). 这些照片使我想起我的童年（childhood）。

____________________________________________________________________ 2). 请提醒我要每天服三次药(take the medicine)。

____________________________________________________________________ 7.[短语归纳] 短语中to是介词，后接名词、代词及动词-ing形式：lead to导致；通向object to反对refer to查阅；提到stick to粘住；坚持add to 增加add up to 总计compare......to 把……比作see to 负责，处理get close to接近；差点get down to着手做……get/be used to 习惯于pay attention to 注意……put an end to 结束，停止admit to 承认devote...to 贡献……给；致力于……1). The boy hurried forward _________ (see) the world-famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to ________ (see) it for a long time.2). We objected to____________( leave) in such a hurry.3). I used to _________ (get) up late, but now I’m used to ________ (get) up early.4). Don't get close to_______(I) , I'm about to ________ (get)seasick.8. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.整个国度处处都是樱花盛开,看上去就像罩上了一层粉红的雪。

[解释] as though / as if “好像”, 引导表语从句和方式状语从句：1). 引导方式状语从句She acted as though nothing had happened．她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。

当从句主语和主句主语一致, 从句谓语中又含有动词be时, 可把主语和be一起省去。

He looked about as though (he was) in search of something．他四下张望, 好像寻找什么。

2). 引导表语从句It looks as if it’ s going to rain．看样子天要下雨了。

3). as though和as if从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气, 完全根据具体情况而定。

如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。