2
5.3.1 浮阀数目 ·························· ························· 19 ·········· ··········· ···· 5.3.2 排列 ···························· 19 ··········· ·········· ······· ·········· ··········· ······· 5.3.3 校核 ···························· 20 ··········· ·········· ······· ·········· ··········· ······· 6. 流体力学验算 ······························21 ··········· ·········· ········· ·········· ··········· ········ 6.1 气体通过浮阀塔板的压力降(单板压降) h p ············ ··········· 21 ·········· · 6.1.1 干板阻力 hc ························ 21 ··········· ·········· ··· ·········· ··········· ··· 6.1.2 板上充气液层阻力 h1 ··················· 21 ··········· ········ ·········· ········· 6.1.3 由表面张力引起的阻力 h ················· ················ 21 ·········· ······ 6.2 漏液验算 ····························· 22 ··········· ·········· ········ ·········· ··········· ········ 6.3 液泛验算 ····························· 22 ··········· ·········· ········ ·········· ··········· ········ 6.4 雾沫夹带验算 ··························· ·························· 22 ·········· ··········· ····· 7. 操作性能负荷图 ····························· ···························· 23 ·········· ··········· ······· 7.1 雾沫夹带上限线 ························· 23 ··········· ·········· ···· ·········· ··········· ···· 7.2 液泛线······························· ······························ 23 ·········· ··········· ········· 7.3 液体负荷上限线 ························· 24 ··········· ·········· ···· ·········· ··········· ···· 7.4 漏液线······························· ······························ 24 ·········· ··········· ········· 7.5 液相负荷下限线 ························· 24 ··········· ·········· ···· ·········· ··········· ···· 7.6 操作性能负荷图 ························· 24 ··········· ·········· ···· ·········· ··········· ···· 8. 各接管尺寸的确定 ··························· 26 ··········· ·········· ······ ·········· ··········· ······ 8.1 进料管······························· ······························ 26 ·········· ··········· ········· 8.2 釜残液出料管 ··························· ·························· 26 ·········· ··········· ····· 8.3 回流液管 ····························· 27 ··········· ·········· ········ ·········· ··········· ········ 8.4 塔顶上升蒸汽管 ························· 27 ··········· ·········· ···· ·········· ··········· ···· 8.5 水蒸汽进口管 ··························· ·························· 28 ·········· ··········· ·····
《化工原理课程设计》报告
48000 吨/年乙醇~水 精馏装置设计
年级 专业 Leabharlann 计者姓名 设计单位 完成日期1
年
月
日
目
录
一、概述 ·····································4 ··········· ·········· ··········· ····· ·········· ··········· ··········· ····· 1.1 设计依据 ································ 4 ··········· ·········· ··········· ·········· ··········· ··········· 1.2 技术来源 ································ 4 ··········· ·········· ··········· ·········· ··········· ··········· 1.3 设计任务及要求 ····························· ··········· ·········· ······· 5 ·········· ··········· ······· 二：计算过程 ··································· ··········· ·········· ··········· ·· 5 ·········· ··········· ··········· ·· 1. 塔型选择 ································· ··········· ·········· ··········· · ·········· ··········· ··········· 6 2. 操作条件的确定 ····························· 6 ··········· ·········· ········ ·········· ··········· ········ 2.1 操作压力 ······························6 ··········· ·········· ········· ·········· ··········· ········ 2.2 进料状态 ······························6 ··········· ·········· ········· ·········· ··········· ········ 2.3 加热方式 ······························6 ··········· ·········· ········· ·········· ··········· ········ 2.4 热能利用 ······························7 ··········· ·········· ········· ·········· ··········· ········ 3. 有关的工艺计算 ····························· 7 ··········· ·········· ········ ·········· ··········· ········ 3.1 最小回流比及操作回流比的确定 ················· 8 ··········· ······ ·········· ······· 3.2 塔顶产品产量、釜残液量及加热蒸汽量的计算 ·········· ········· 8 ········· 3.3 全凝器冷凝介质的消耗量 ·····················9 ··········· ·········· ·········· ·········· 3.4 热能利用 ······························9 ··········· ·········· ········· ·········· ··········· ········ 3.5 理论塔板层数的确定 ·······················10 ··········· ·········· ·· ·········· ··········· · 3.6 全塔效率的估算 ························· 11 ··········· ·········· ···· ·········· ··········· ···· 3.7 实际塔板数 N P ··························12 ··········· ·········· ····· ·········· ··········· ···· 4. 精馏塔主题尺寸的计算·························12 ··········· ·········· ···· ·········· ··········· ··· 4.1 精馏段与提馏段的体积流量 ···················12 ··········· ········ ·········· ········ 4.1.1 精馏段 ···························12 ··········· ·········· ······ ·········· ··········· ····· 4.1.2 提馏段 ···························14 ··········· ·········· ······ ·········· ··········· ····· 4.2 塔径的计算 ····························15 ··········· ·········· ······· ·········· ··········· ······ 4.3 塔高的计算 ····························17 ··········· ·········· ······· ·········· ··········· ······ 5. 塔板结构尺寸的确定 ··························17 ··········· ·········· ····· ·········· ··········· ···· 5.1 塔板尺寸 ····························· 17 ··········· ·········· ········ ·········· ··········· ········ 5.2 弓形降液管 ····························18 ··········· ·········· ······· ·········· ··········· ······ 5.2.1 堰高 ···························· 18 ··········· ·········· ······· ·········· ··········· ······· 5.2.2 降液管底隙高度 h0 ····················· ···················· 18 ·········· ·········· 5.2.3 进口堰高和受液盘 ····················· ···················· 19 ·········· ·········· 5.3 浮阀数目及排列 ························· 19 ··········· ·········· ···· ·········· ··········· ····