大学英语（三）综合复习资料I. Read ing Comprehe nsionPassage 1I arrived in the United States on February 6,1966, but I remember my first day here very clearly. My friend was waiting for me when my plane Ianded at Kenn edy Airport at three o' clock in the after noon. The weather was very cold and it was snowing, but I was too excited to mind. From the airport, my friend and I took a taxi to my hotel. On the way, I saw the skyli ne of Man hatta n for the first time and I stared in astonishment at the famous skyscrapers and their man-made beauty. My friend helped me un pack at the hotel and the n left me because he had to go back to work. He promised to return the n ext day.Shortly after my friend had left, I went to a restaura nt n ear the hotel to get something to eat. Because I c ouldn ' t speak a word of English, Icould n ' t tell the waiter what I wan ted. I was very upset and started to make some gestures, but the waiter did n ' t un dersta nd me. Fin ally, I ordered the same thing the man at the next table was eating. After dinner, I started to walk along Broadway until I came to Times Square with its movie theatres, neon lights , and huge crowds of people.I did not feel tired, so I continued to walk aro und the city. I wan ted to see everythi ng on my first day. I knew it was impossible, but I wan ted to try.WhenI returned to the hotel, I was exhausted, but I couldn ' t sleep because I kept hear ing the fire and police sire ns duri ng the ni ght. I lay awake andthought about NewYork. It was a very big and interesting city with many tall buildi ngs and big cars, and full of no ise and busy people. I also decided right the n that Ihad to lear n to speak En glish.1. February 6,1966 a day unforgettable to the writer because _______ .A. it was his first day in New YorkB. it was very clear that dayC. that day he took a pla ne and Ian ded at Kenn edy AirportD. it was snowing and cold that day2. On the way to his hotel, the writer _____ .A. was sile nt all the timeB. kept talking to his friendC. looked out of the wi ndow with great in terestD. showed his friend somethi ng he brought with him3. He did not have what he really wan ted, because ____ .A. he only made some gesturesB. he did not order at allC. he could not make himself un derstoodD. the waiter was un willi ng to serve4. After dinner, he _____ .A. walked back to the hotel right awayB. had a walk ing tour about the cityC. went to the moviesD. did some shopp ing on Broadway5. That ni ght he could not sleep, because _____ .A. he did not know what to do the next dayB. he was not tired at allC. he kept heari ng the fire and police sire nsD. he was thinking about this great cityPassage 2A man mayusually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps; for there is a compa nion ship of books as well as of men. And one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today as it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of misfortune or suffering. It always receives us with the same kindness, amusing andin struct ing us in youth, and comfort ing us in age.A good book is ofte n the best container of a life, containing the bestthat life could think out, for the world of a man ' s life is, for the mostpart, but the world of his thoughts. Thus the best books are treasuries of good words and golde n thoughts, which, remembered and cared about, become our lasti ng compa nions and comforters.Books possess an esse nee of immortality. They are by far the most lasti ng products of humaneffort. Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when theyfirst passed through their author ' s min ds, ages ago. What was the n said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the prin ted page.The great and good do not die eve n in this world. Well preserved in the books, their spirits walk abroad. The book is a living voice. It is anin tellect to which one still liste ns. Hence we ever remai n un der the in flue nee of the great men of the past. The imperial in tellects of the worlds are asmuch alive now as they were ages ago.6. The relationship between a man ' s friends and his books is that __________ .A. his books are as good as his friendsB. his books are better than his friendsC. his books are not as good as his friendsD. his books are worse tha n his friends7. A good book is our best friend because it is ______ .A. always sile ntB. most beautifully prin tedC. most patie nt and cheerfulD. the best liste ner8. According to the author, the world of man s life is the world of ______ .A. his willB. his behaviorsC. his opinionsD. his thoughts9. For books the effect of time is _____ .A. to make a book disappear as time goes byB. to decide the content of a bookC. to separate the bad books from the good onesD. to find the practical use of books10. “Their spirits walk abroad ” means that _________ .A. the author ' s thoughts are widespreadB. the author goes abroad with his bookC. the author of a book will n ever dieD. readers can read books of other coun triesPassage 3Pige ons have bee n used as messe ngers for 500 years, because of theirspecial ability to find home. The mystery of the homing pigeon is on how itn avigates and how it finds home. We now know that there are two ways thatpigeons tell directions. First, they use the sun. Just getting rough directi ons from the sun is easy. However, gett ing accurate directi ons from the sun takes more care. To tell directi on accurately from the sun, one n eedsto know the exact time.All plants and animals seem to have built-in clocks. Usually these biological clocks are not quite exact in measuring time. However, they workpretty well, because they are “reset ” every day, maybe when the sun gets up.Do pige ons use their biological clocks to help them find directi on fromthe sun? Wecan experiment to find out. Wecan keep pigeons in a room lighted only by lamps. And we can time the lighting to maketheir artificial “days”start at somedifferent time from the real outside day. After a while we have shifted their clocks. Now we take them far away from home and let them go on a sunny day. Most of them start out as if they know just which way to go, but choose a wrong directi on. They have picked a directi on that would be correct for the position of the sun and the time of day according to their shifted clocks.The above experiment shows that homing pigeons can tell directions by the sun. What happe ns whe n the sky is darkly overcast by clouds and no one can see where the sun is? The pigeons still find their way home. So it seems that pige ons also have some extra sense of directi on from the earth ' s magn etic field whe n they cannot see the sun.11. Pige ons have bee n used as messe ngers, for they have special abilityA. to send lettersB. to find homeC. to carry food for menD. to lead the way for people12. The secret of the homing pigeons is _____ .A. how they find foodB. how they find homeC. how they take a letterD. how they take care of childre n13. All plants and animals reset their biological clocks when _____ .A. the sun risesB. the sun setsC. the moon risesD. the moon sets14. The experiment tells us that the pigeons fly ___________ b ecause of the shifted biological clocks.A. in a wrong directi onB. in a correct directi onC. in all directi onsD. i n a circle15. Pige ons have ____ to tell the directi on whe n it is cloudy by using theearth ' s magnetic field.A. sharp eyesB. sen sitive heari ngC. sense of directi onD. brain wavesPassage 4My surname is “Sur T , which happens to be spelt exactly like the English word “Sun” .It interested quite a few people on my way to London.At London Airport a tall policema n took my passport to check the visa.“Your nameis S, U, N—Sun,” he pronounced it just as any other Englishman would. “ You are wan ted, young man! ” Sudde nly he took hold of my arm, and looked at me seriously.It was a great shock to me, for I knew if a pers on is wan ted by the police, he must have broke n the law in some way. I protested: “ What are you doing? Why should I be wan ted? I ' ve n ever done any harm to an ybody. ”“ Y es, you are wan ted—there ' s no doubt about it. ” Hetighte ned his grip.“ Is there anything wrong with my passport or the entry visa? Do I haveto go back to China? ”“Go back? Now that you are here, we ' ll never let you run away. ”“ But what ' s happened? What have I done? ”“Don t you know yourself? ” he looked as if he was really surprised.“ Of course not. Before you arrest me, you must let me know exactly howI happe ned to have broke n the law! ”It was not until then that a smile appeared on his face. He let go my arm and said: “It ' s very simple, Mr. Sun. England is a country with littlesun shi ne. Since your n ameis Sun, you are wan ted here. Nowthat you' ve come, ofcourse we don' t want you to go away. But I have to give back your passport all the same. Here you are.So this was English humor, I thought, as I wiped the sweat on my forehead.16. The author ' s surname is the same as the English word “Sur T in _____________A. pronun ciati onB. spelli ngC. meaningD. both B and C17. In London it is usually _____ .A. wi ndyB. snowyC. cloudyD. sunny18. By say ing “ you are wan ted ” , the policema n really wan ted to _____ .A. arrest the authorB. have a joke with the authorC. ask the author to do someth ingD. send the author back to China19. When “caught ” by the policeman, the author thought ________ .A. he must have stole n someth ingB. he must have bee n cheatedC. there must have bee n someth ing wrong with his passportD. there must have bee n someth ing wrong with his package20. For the En glish humor the author felt _____ .A. happyB. surprisedC. angryD. annoyedPassage 5Jobs and work do much more tha n most of us realize to provide happ in ess. We are all used to thinking that work provides the material things of life ——the goods and services that make possible our moder n civilizati on. But we are much less con scious of the exte nt to which work provides the more importa nt psychological well-be ing that can make the differe nee betwee n a full and an empty life.Historically, work has been associated with slavery and sin and punishment. And in our own day we are used to hearing the traditional complaints: “I can ' t wait for my vacation, ” or “I wish I could stay athome today. ” Agai nst this background, it may come as a surprise to learn that not on ly psychologists but also other behavioral scie ntists have cometo accept the positive con tributi on of work to the in dividual ' s happ in essand sense of pers onal achieveme nt. Work is more tha n a n ecessity for most human beings; it is the focus of their lives, the source of their identityand creativity.Rather tha n a puni shme nt or a burde n, work is the opport unity to realize one' s pote ntial. For large nu mbers of people, the abse nee of their w ork is harmful to their health. Large numbers of people regularly get headaches and other illnesses on weekends when they don ' t have their jobs to go to. It has bee n observed that un employme nt brings eno rmous psychological troubles besides the finan cial pressure.21. According to the author, _____ is the most important thing that workcan bring to us.A. goodsB. servicesC. men tal healthD. physical health22. In the past, work was NOT looked on as _____ .A. slaveryB. puni shme ntC. sinD. happ in ess23. According to the passage, work provides us with all the followingEXCEPTA. ill nessB. happ in essC. pers onal achieveme ntD. finan cial ben efits24. Many people regularly have headaches whe n they have _____A. too much work to doB. too many guests to atte nd toC. no work to doD. no money to earn from work25. Every one n eeds ____ .A. a sense of pride as a top employeeB. a sense of accomplishme ntC. a puni shme nt in the form of workD. a hard discipli ne in workPassage 6My grandparents believed you were either honest or you weren ' t. There was no in-between. They had a simple motto hanging on their living-room wall:“ Life is like a field of n ewly falle n snow; where I choose to walk everystep will show. ”Hon esty is somethi ng we must dema nd of ourselves. A good test for thisvalue is to look at whether you always give others credit that is rightfully theirs, whether you are not afraid of those who might have a better idea or who might eve n be smarter tha n you are.David Ogilvy, founder of the advertising firm Ogilvy & Mather, made thispoint clear to his n ewly appo in ted office heads by sending each a set of dolls with five progressively smaller figures in side. His message was contained in the smallest doll: “If ea ch of us hires people who are smaller than weare, we shall become a compa ny of dwarfs. But if each of us hires people who are bigger tha n we are, Ogilvy & Mather will become a compa ny of gia nts.And that is precisely what the compa ny became —one of the largest and most respected advertis ing orga ni zati ons in the world.The other test for the value is: be hon est and ope n about who you really are. People who lack real core values rely on external factors —their looksor social positi ons ——in order to feel good about themselves. In evitablythey will do everything they can to preserve this mask, but they will do very little to develop their inner value and pers onal growth.Integrity means having a personal standard of morality and that is notrelative to situation at hand. Integrity is an inner standard for judgingyour behavior. Integrity means you do what you do because it ' s right andstno t just fashi on able. It will take you forward into the 21 cen tury without hav ing to check your tracks in a rear view mirror. My gran dpare nts taught me that.26. The author ' s grandparents believed one was ___________ .A. hon est as well as dish on estB. n either hon est nor dish on estC. either hon est or disho nestD. both hon est and dish on est27. In the set of dolls, the smallest one sta nds for _____ .A. a gia ntB. a dwarfC. a tall manD. a baby28. Mr. David Ogilvy was eager to hire the people who are _____A. better and smarter tha n himselfB. worse and less smart than himselfC. as good and smart as himselfD. not so good and smart as himself29. People with real core values rely on ______ .A. their looksB. their social positi onsC. their familyD. their inner value30. To seek in tegrity, you must do what is _____ .A. rightB. fashi on ableC. ben eficialD. profitablePassage 7Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take thefrien dship for gran ted, weofte n don' t clearly un dersta nd howwemakefrie nds. While we get on well with a nu mber of people, we are usually friends withonly a very few —for example, the average among stude nts is about 6 perpers on. In all the cases of frien dly relati on ships, two people like oneanother and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacybetwee n them and the reas ons for their shared in terest vary eno rmously. Aswe get to know people we take into account things like age, race, economic condition, social position, and intelligenee. Although these factors are not of prime importanee, it is more difficult to get on with people when thereis a marked differe nee in age and baekgro und.Some frien dly relati on ships can be kept on argume nt and discussi on, but it is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs, to have attitudes and interests in common— they often talk about “ being on the samewavele ngth ” . It gen erally takes time to reach this point. And the more intimately invoIved people become, the more they rely on one another. People want to do friends favors and hate to break a promise. Equally, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinion.In con trast with marriage, there are no frien dship cere monies to stre ngthe n the associati on betwee n two people. But the support ing and un dersta nding of each other that results from shared experie nces and emotio ns does seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome differe nces in backgro und, and break dow n barriers of age, class or race.31. Accord ing to the author, ____ .A. all those who get on well with each other are friendsB. friends are closer than people who just get on well with each otherC. every one un dersta nds clearly how to make frie ndsD. every student has 6 friends32. Whenwe makefriends, weconsider such things as age, race, and background,because _____ .A. it is not easy to have a frien dly relati on ship with people whe n thereis a marked differe nee in age and backgro undB. the degree of friendship between two people and the reason for theirshared in terest can vary greatlyC. friends need to know all these thingsD. these are the most important factors to make friends33. In Paragraph 2, “being on the same wavelength ” means “_________ '.A. using the same frequency while talkingB. keep ing the same frien dly relati on ship as other people doC. having similar ideas, beliefs, attitudes and interestsD. having the same background34. Which of the following is NOT implied or directly stated in the passage?A. Even friends may have differences of opinions.B. Friends never argue with each other.C. It gen erally takes time for people to become close frien ds.D. Some one s habits may annoy his frien ds.35. To stre ngthe n frie ndly relati on ship, people __ .A. must hold frie ndship cere moniesB. have to elim in ate differe nces in backgro undC. should make friends with those who are of the same age and of the sameraceD. should support and understand each other through shared experiences andemotio nsPassage 8Going to an amusementpark or ball gameand watching a movie or television are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe eve n laugh. But they do not br ing happ in ess, because their positive effects end whe n the fun en ds.The way people cling to the belief that fun-filled, painfree life equalshapp in ess actually reduces their chances of real happ iness.If fun andpleasure are equated with happ in ess, the n pai n must be equated with un happ in ess. But in fact, the opposite is true: things that lead to happ in ess ofte n invo Ive some pain.Couples who choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happ in ess. They can dine out whe never they want, travel wherever they want and sleep as late as they want. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night ' s sleep or three -day vacation. But couples who decide not to have children never experienee the pleasure of hugging them or tucking them into bed at night. They never know the joy of watching a child grow up or of play ing with a gran dchild.Un dersta nding and accepti ng that true happ in ess has nothing to do withfun is one of the most liberating realizations we can ever come to. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can really in crease our happ in ess. It creates mon ey: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do no thi ng to in crease our happ in ess now seems poin tless.And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those rich people we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.The mome nt we un dersta nd that fun does n ot bring happ in ess, we begi n tolead our lives differe ntly. The effect can be, quite literally,life-tra nsformi ng.36. Fun activities can help us _____ .A. to workB. to relaxC. to thi nkD. to study37. The positive effects of fun can last _____ .A. for the last timeB. for a long timeC. for the time beingD. for the time to come38. The idea that _____ preve nts people from gaining real happ in ess.A. fun is happ in essB. fun is not easy to getC. happ in ess is hard to getD. happ in ess and fun are differe nt39. It is very happy for pare nts to _____ .A. stay up late with their childre nB. help their childre n do assig nmentsC. watch their childre n grow upD. earn money for their children ' s marriage40. Knowing the differe nee betwee n happ in ess and fun can give us ___ .A. more courage to face difficultiesB. more cha nces to reach our goalC. more money to buy what we wantD. more time to do what we should doPassage 9In the house where I grew up, we had a room we called the library. Itwasn' t a real library, of course; it was just a small room with a television set. But there were bookshelves built into all four walls and hun dreds of books surroun ded us in that room. The books, collected by my pare nts and gran dpare nts throughout their lifetime, were a part of my childhood.The stories of problems young people have with readi ng are not n ew, butthe tendency seems to be worsening. Recently the Chancellor of the University of Illinois ' s branch campus in Chicago said that 10 percent of the freshmenat his uni versity could read no better tha n the average eighth grader and many had ran ked in the top half of their high-school classes.Muchof the problem is that we live in a passive age. To listen to a record album, to sit through a movie, to watch a televisio n show —all requires nothing of the cultural con sumer, except for his mere prese nee. To read a book, though, takes an act of will on the part of the consumer. He must really want to find out what is in side. Heca nnot just sit there; he must do someth ing, even though the something is as simple an action as opening the book, closing the door and begi nning to read.41. In the house where the author grew up, most of the space was take n up by _____ .A. a televisi on setB. booksC. fur ni tureD. toys42. ____ collected the books and passed on to me.A. my pare nts and gran dpare ntsB. my pare nts and teachersC. my un cles and pare ntsD. my mother and gran dpare nts43. People, in the author ' s view, are suffering from ___________.A. liste ning problemsB. readi ng problemsC. behavior problemsD. belief problems44. In the passive age, _____ are most popular.A. televisi onsB. n ewspapersC. booksD. magaz ines45. The man who wants to find out what is in books is ______ .A. a passive receiverB. an active sen derC. a reader with some willD. a passive lear nerPassage 10Mr. Whits on said he hoped we would lear n somethi ng from this experie nee. Teachers and textbooks are not in fallible. In fact, no one is. He told usnot to let our minds go to sleep, and to speak up if we ever thought he or the textbook was wrong.Every class was an adve nture with Mr. Whits on. I can still remember somescie nee periods almost from begi nning to end. One day he told us that his Volkswage n was a liv ing orga ni sm. It took us two full days to put together a refutation he would accept. He didn ' t let us off the hook until we hadproved not only that we knew what an orga nism was, but also that we had the courage to stand up for the truth.We carried our brand-new skepticism in to all our classes. This caused problems for the other teachers, who weren ' t used to being challenged. Our history teacher would be lecturi ng about somethi ng, and the n there would be cleari ng of the throat and some one would say “ cattywampus”.If I am ever asked to propose a solution to the crisis in our schools,it will be Mr. W hits on. I have n ' t made any great scie ntific discoveries, but Mr. Whits on' s class gave mea nd myclassmates somethi ng just as importa nt: the courage to look people in the eye and tell them they are wrong. He also showed us that you could have fun doing it.Not every one sees the value in this.46. On eday the stude nts were required to prove that Volkswage n was not _______A. a brand of carsB. a pla ntC. an orga nismD. an ani mal47. What less on did the stude nts lear n from the two-day discussi on in Mr.Whits on ' s class?A. To believe in the textbook.B. To believe in the teacher.C. To lear n the skills of discussi on.D. To have the courage to challenge authorities.48. The teachi ng method Mr. Whits on applied mea nt ____ to other teachers.A. changeB. challe ngeC. improveme ntD. hard work49. The students considered the history lecture _____ .A. in terest ingB. dullC. fallibleD. i nfallible50. The most importa nt thi ng Mr. Whits ons class gave them was _____A. the carefu In ess in your workB. the bravery to overcome difficultiesC. the courage to tell people they were wrongD. the con fide nee in themselvesII. Vocabulary and structure1. Health depe nds _____ good food, fresh air and eno ugh sleep.A. fromB. onC. i nD. up2. The writer was ______ in his writi ng that he forgot to flick the ashesfrom his cigar.A. capableB. kee nC. absorbedD. attracted3. A good climate is _____ to the health.A. ki ndB.warm-heartedC. ben eficialD. uni versal4. She hardly ever eats _____ potatoes.A. or bread orB. bread orC. n either bread orD. n either bread nor5. “Well, in that ____ , I would prefer to stay on the bus, ” I answered.A. caseB. matterC. occasi onD. con diti on6. Her new pool made her the ______ o f her n eighbors. They all wish to havethat much mon ey.A. headB. envyC. prizeD. leader7. The pla ne, _____ with food, la nded at 10:30.A. loadedB. loadi ngC. was loadedD. to be loaded8. The role of the teacher is to ______ k no wledge on to the n ext gen erati on.A. giveB. handC. turnD. pass9. The ball is over there. Please ask a boy to _____ it here.A. bringB. takeC. reachD. fetch10. My grandfather was a(n) _____ teacher; it ' s the only job he ' d everdone.A. part-timeB. on lyC. careerD. professor11. The owner of the lost article is requested to _____ Mr. Li.A. proposeB. con tactC. inquireD. in sure12. Whe n asked to serve on a committee, she softe ned her ____ by say ingthat her schedule just would not allow her to accept this kind offer.A. admissi onB. refusalC. agreeme ntD. praise13. Joe is not good at sports, but whe n it comes _____ math, he is thebest in the class.A. toB. overC. outD. dow n14. All the children listened to his in Africa with eager attention.A. creatureB. agricultureC. averageD. adve ntures15. Min i-skirts are _____ fashi on aga in this summer.A. inB. atC. withD. among16. Who is resp on sible ____ the educatio n of childre n?A. toB. onC. forD. at17. If he _____ to make the decisi on, what would he do?A. areB. wereC. is goi ngD. will be18. How do you ______ the students ' work at the end of a term?A. lookB. takeC. regardD. evaluate。