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英语语法《句子成分和基本句型的讲解》.
I am a teacher.
She is happy.
Everybody is here.
They are at home now.
My job is to teach English.
Seeing is believing.
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补语:补充说明。(由动词类别来决定) 补语的构成形式:1)名词 2)代词 3) 形容词 4)数词 5)不定式 6)-ing
• The black bike is mine.
• What’s your name? A broken vase.
• I have 5 books.
A sleeping boy.
• They made paper flowers.
• The boy in the room is Jack.
• I have something to do.
• 它可以由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,现 在分词和过去分词充当.
• If you let me go, I’ll make you king.
• Leave the door open.
Байду номын сангаас
•We found John out when we arrived.
• Make yourself at home.
made me
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基本句型 一: S V P (主+系+表)
S │V(是系动词)│ P
1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。
2. The dinner │smells │good.
午餐的气味很好。
3. He │fell │in love.
他堕入了情网。
4. Everything │looks │different.
一切看来都不同了。
5. He │is growing │tall and strong.
他长得又高又壮
6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们
Reading is useful.
To see is to believe.
They are good friends.
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谓语:
• 谓语说明主语做什么,是什么,怎么样,由 简单动词或者动词短语构成.
They are teachers.
She looks well.
He studies hard.
He laughed at his classmates.
He can speak English.
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宾语
• 宾语是动作,行为的对象,由名词,代词,短 语,不定式,动名词,从句充当.它和及物动
词一起说明主语做了什么,在谓语之后.
She plays the piano.
He often helps me.
• I saw him enter the hall.
• The boss keeps them working all day.
• 20I20/1h1/e13ard my name call精e品d课.件
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定语
• 定语用来修饰名词或代词.形容词,代词,数 词,名词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,分词 ,从句都可以充当定语.
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、 省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基 础。
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• 1.主语:主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的 部分.一般由名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从
句充当.它的位置一般在句首.
The girl is pretty.
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• It is a swimming pool.
状语
• 状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词.它表示行为发 生的时间,地点,目的,方式,程度.一般由副词 ,介词短语,不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当 ,也可由从句来充当.
He did it carefully.
Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.
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种类 类型
主语 谓语 表语/宾 宾语 宾补
S 动词 语
0
oc
v
p
第1 S+V 种
We work
第2 S+V+0 He plays violin.
种
第3 S+v+p We are student
种
s
第4 S+v+IO+DO she gave me 种
a pen.
第5 S+V+O+OC He 种 2020/11/13
形式 7)过去分词 8)介词短语 9)名词从
句
• 主语补语 Tom was made monitor. 宾语补语 I made Tom monitor. 表语补语 I am sure to succeed.
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宾语补足语
• 在英语中,有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思, 还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思 .它起补充说明宾语干什么,怎么样的作用.
句子成分
和
基本句型
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句子包括哪些成分?
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、 状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语 (predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语 (attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。
I like watching TV.
She likes to go to shop this afternoon.
I think 2020/11/13 that he is精品课g件ood guy.
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表语:
• 表语说明主语是什么,或者怎么样,由名词, 形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,动名词, 短语,或者从句充当.表语位于系动词后面.
In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.
I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.
He is 2020/11/13 writing with a精品课p件en.
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