It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and ……
It was reported that her mother died of SARS.
众所周知… It is well known that …
据推测说… … It is supposed that …
英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态 (the Passive Voice)
A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
We planted the tree.
B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
The tree was planted by us.
We speak
含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be + done
Oral practice--1. Change each sentence into passive voice:
1) A car knocked him down yesterday.
•He was knocked down by a car yesterday． 2) Two doctors and ten nurses make up the
主动变被动的特殊结构
1.含有双宾语的主动句 (give pass, lend, buy, write, bring, show, tell)
medical team．
•The medical team is made up of by two…．
3) When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen tree．
•A fallen tree was being cut up, when I got there.
(一)主动语态变被动语态的方法:
1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语 态的主语;
2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”;
3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的 宾语。
(二)被动语态的基本结构:
be + done
有各种时态的变化
1.被动语态的各种时态
时态
构成
一般现在时
am/is/are＋done
一般过去时
My bike was stolen．
我的自行车被盗了。
3、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。 例如： He was born in October，1989． 4、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等 词时。例如：
Tina是被Paul叫来的。 Tina is asked to come by Paul．
5、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、 “据报道”等时。例如：
be going to + be + done
[4]. Three bridges ____ since last year.
A. have built B. were built C. have been built
现在完成时的被动语态： have/ has+ been + done
[5]. Flowers ____ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water
4)We’ll put on the play next Sunday． •The play will be put on next Sunday．
5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school． •A new teaching building is being built by workers in our school．
6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year． •The railway had been completed by the end of last year．
7)We should protect the earth． •The earth should be protected．
8)You need to paint the wall． •The wall needs to be painted．
(三)何时使用被动语态？
1、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无 法说出动作的执行者时。例如：
Football is played all over the world．
2、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作 的执行者时。例如：
A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken
一般现在时的被动语态：
am / is / are + done
[2]. The lost boy ____ at the street corner last night.
A. was found B. is found C. was looked for
主语 谓语
English. 主动语态
宾语
English is spoken by us. 被动语态
主语 谓语
宾语
They cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天他们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday. 昨天教室被他们打扫了。
was/were＋done
现在进行时
am/is/are+being+done
一般将来时 will/shall/be going to＋be＋done
现在完成时
has/have＋beent/should/may...＋be＋ done
[1]. Now English ____ by more and more people all over the word.
一般过去时的被动语态：
was / were + done
[3]. More man-made satellites ____ in the future.
A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up
一般将来时的被动语态： will + be + done