Unit 4联想串记1．________ (vt.)损害；伤害→injury (n.)伤害；损害→injured (adj.)受伤的2．________ (n.)电；电流；电学→electric (adj.)用电的；带电的→electrical (adj.)与电有关的；电学的3．________ (vt.)使惊吓；吓唬→frightened (adj.)受惊的；受恐吓的→frightening (adj.)令人恐惧的4．_____________ (n.)祝贺；_____________ (复数)贺词→congratulate (vt.)祝贺高频单词1．burst vt. & vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂开；(使)炸开；突然出现；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发[教材原句]In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.(P26)在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。
[方法规律]部分同学对burst into和burst out后面跟什么形式分不清，名师告诉你：into是介词，后面当然要接名词，如tears，laughter等；out是副词，后面须用现在分词作状语，如crying，laughing 等。
另外，burst in中的in是副词，不接宾语，需接宾语时用into。
在burst with＋名词中，with表示原因。
你记住了吗？①My English teacher's humor was such as to make every student ________ ________ ________.我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)，以至于每个同学都哈哈大笑起来。
②Hearing the news, she ________ ________ ________.听到这个消息，她突然哭了起来。
③Last night the room ________ ________ ________ but nothing was taken away.昨晚有人闯入房间但没有带走任何东西。
④He felt he would burst with anger and shame.他恼羞成怒，都要气炸了。
⑤His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.他一登上台就博得一阵热烈的掌声。
[巧学助记] burst的多层含义答案：①burst into laughter/burst out laughing②burst into tears/burst out crying③was burst into 2.event n．事件，大事；(体育比赛等的)项目，赛事[教材原句]But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events,_were asleep as usual that night.(P26)但是那天晚上城市里的一百万市民还像平常一样在睡觉，对此事不以为然。
When will the field and track events be held?田径赛将在什么时候举行？词语辨析accident 指“意外的事”，事故。
event 通常指较重要的事件，“大事”incident 常指较小的事件；也可指可能会发展成战争等的政治事件。
用incident，accident，event的适当形式填空。
①Which ________ have you entered for in the school sports meet?②A strange ________ happened in the wedding ceremony.③There was a car ________ yesterday, which caused three deaths.答案：①events②incident③accident3．ruin n．[U]毁坏；毁灭；崩溃[C](pl.)废墟；遗迹v．(使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭[教材原句]In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.(P26)在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。
必会be/lie in ruins成为废墟(注意复数形式) bring sb. to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产拓展come/fall to/into ruin毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉ruin one's health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉①The whole city ________ ________ ________ after Wenchuan Earthquake.汶川地震之后，这座城市成为了废墟。
②That small mistake ________ ________ ________ of getting the job.那个小错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。
③The farm has long been abandoned and come to ruin.这家农场很早就已废弃了，成了废墟。
④Drink was your father's ruin and it'll be the ruin of you, too.喝酒毁了你父亲，也会毁了你的。
[巧学助记]After the collision, he examined the considerable damage to his car. Fortunately it was not completely ruined/destroyed.撞车之后，他检查了受重创的车。
所幸的是车还没完全报废。
答案：①was/lay in ruins②ruined his chance①He suffered serious injuriesto the arms and legs. 他的胳膊和腿都受了重伤。
②The young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin was swimming.那位年轻妇女进入了那个水池，一头受伤的海豚正在水池里游动。
③I know drinking can ________ ________ ________. 我知道喝酒对人健康有害。
④She ________ ________ while skating.她在滑冰时受了伤。
⑤________ ________ were taken to the hospital.受伤者被送进了医院。
答案：③injure one's health④was injured/injured herself⑤The injured5．track n．轨道；行踪；路径[教材原句]The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.(P26)火车铁轨现在却变成了无用的钢条。
[名师点拨]follow sb.'s track 跟踪某人/tracks in the snow 雪地上的足迹/a track through a forest 林中小道/a single (double) track 单(双)轨/track events 径赛项目6．trap vt.使陷入困境；困住；诱骗 n ．陷阱；困境；圈套[教材原句]Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.(P26)有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下。
①The firefighters rescued a boy who ________ ________ in the burning house.消防队员从失火的房子里救出了一个被困的男孩。
②She was trapped ________ ________ him. 她被诱骗嫁给了他。
答案：①was trapped ②into marrying7．bury vt.埋葬，掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入[教材原句]The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(P26) 救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。
那份文件被埋在书堆里了。
②He has learned to ________ ________ ________.他学会了掩饰内心的情感。
③由于他埋头于书本，他不知道外面下雨了。
(一句多译)⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫a. b. c.his books, he didn't know it was raining outside.[方法规律]be buried in 和be absorbed/lost in 意思相似，注意介词in 的使用。
另外还有fix/focus one's attention on 和pay attention to 。
答案：①was buried ②bury his feelings③a.As he buried himself inb ．As he was buried inc ．Buried in8．shock vt. & vi.(使)震惊 n ．休克；打击；震惊①The news of his death in the flood was shocking,_and all his employees got shocked at it. 他在洪灾中遇难的消息令人震惊，他的所有员工都对此感到震惊。
②I ________ ________ ________ his wild idea.我因他的狂妄想法而震惊。
③His death ________ ________ ________ to us all.他的去世对我们来说是一个打击。
答案：②was shocked by/at ③was a shock9．shelter n ．[U ]掩蔽；遮蔽；庇护；栖身地 vi.躲避 vt.提供庇护所[教材原句]Workers built shelters for survivors who...(P26)工人们为那些幸存者搭起帐篷。
①We ________ ________ ________ the rain in a bus stop. It was a good shelter here.我们在一个公共汽车站里避雨，这儿是一个很好的庇护场所。