中国学生写作常犯错误分析（1）1.基础性文法错误一、拼写，标点以及第三人称单数在下面的两篇学生写的文字当中，均存在着拼写、标点以及第三人称单数方面的错误，请认真检查并予以纠正：(1) Saying “No”Why someone don’t say “no” when they ought to say “no”? I think he do not refuse other’s suggestion or advise. Because they are good friends. He has to obey his friends application. If he say “no”, his friends will be badness. Even his friend will turn angry.But I must say that it is harmless for you that you don’t say “no”. For example, your friend ask you to help him to do steel something. At this time, if you don’t say “no”, you will break the law and be arrested by police. How foolish you have done.Above all, I must say “no” when I should say “no”. I must be an honest man. I can’t break the role of society. And I will tell him the reason why I say “no”.(2) Saying “No”At present, there is a strange sense in our society. One should saying no, but he or she did not say. Why? I think the most important reasons is shame. Sometimes our classmates or friends want our helpness and their requests are out of our ability. In that case, we should say “no”, but a few of people often think that it is a bad thing for their friends, and even influence their friendship and so on. In fact, it is nothing difficult to say “no”. When you refuse your friends. He or she will not get angry with you. Oppositely, he or she will thought you are true person and trust you. On the other hand, saying “no” in the propery occasion will reduce lots of problems.So saying “no” when you want to say.二、自造词语与不区分词的细妙含义有的考生在写作的时候喜欢即兴发挥，在还不很了解英语构词的基础上就开始自己依据有限的词汇知识创造词语或者是词语的用法，结果往往使人哭笑不得。

比如：(1) Why are there so many fake commodity? The answer is very simple: the men who make them can earn a lot of money. But they may have not thought about the disutility to others.(2) Above all, I think reading books ought to select. Because our time is unenough.许多中国学生在学习英语单词的时候喜欢将意义相关或者相近的单词一起记，却不仔细区分它们之间的细微区别和用法上的不同。

比如：(1) I think they should believe in their own ability rather than the luck number. Today we live ina scientific period, we should not believe mystery and lucky number. (与era混用)(2) The figure is physical, but the fortune is not. How does people talk about the two things at the same time. So I don’t have the comprehension of it. (与understanding 不分)三、指代不明因为汉语是一种“意和”的语言，而英语是“形和”的，所以有的考生就喜欢自作主张的随意指代，以为阅卷员自然就能猜到他的意思所指。

却不知在英语中忌讳的就是不明不白。

比如：Sometimes when someone met a accident that he should said “no”, but he didn’t do it. The reasons are various. The majority is lack of bravery.2.句子中典型的八种错误首先要说的是在英语中准确和清楚的表达一直都是写作者应该追求的目标，而要想达到这一点就必须使用高效的句子（effective sentence）。

而中国学生在表达自己的想法的时候却在不自觉的时候饭犯错误。

以下的八种句子错误都是比较隐蔽的。

(1). Sentence fragments经常阅卷员会看到考生的作文里出现不完整的句子，甚至只是句子的部分。

观察一下下列的句子是否犯有错误。

1. Although many smokers know clearly the harm of smoking, they continue to smoke.2. Because some students have part-time jobs in addition to going to school.3. For example, the increase in the cost of renting an apartment.4. Having no money and being lonely in the big city.5. Many people who get married before they are mature enough.第一句的前半部分是个从属分句，所以正确的写法应该是将这部分连接到后面的部分，一个独立的分句。

第二句只是一个从属分句，要想使它正确必须再加上一个独立的分句，比如：Because some students have part-time jobs in addition to going to school, they have very little free time.第三句中没有谓语动词。

纠正它的方法是重新添加上主语和谓语。

比如：For example, the cost of renting an apartment has increased.第四句是一个分词短语。

第五句多舔了一个限制性定语从句，将who去掉就可以了。

(2). Run-on sentences许多考生不经意间会将两个相互独立的分句直接用逗号连接, 而不使用平行连词或其他的适当连接手段。

下面的四个句子都是这种情况：1. A foreign student faces many problems, for example, he has to cope with a new culture.2. San Francisco is a very cosmopolitan city, there are people from many cultures and ethnic groups living there.3. Physical maturity can be easily recognized from one’s appearance, therefore, it is moreevident than mental maturity.4. Getting married is easy, staying married is another matter.纠正这一类句子并不难，只要你知道仅仅一个逗号不能连接两个独立的分句。

改正的方法有如下的几个：1．使用句号。

比如：A foreign student faces many problems. For example, he has to cope with a new culture.2．使用分号。

比如：Physical maturity can be easily recognized from one’s appearance; therefore, it is more evident than mental maturity.3．增加一个平行连词。

比如：Getting married is easy, but staying married is another matter.4．增加一个主从连词。

比如：Getting married is easy although staying married is a difficult matter.(3). Faulty parallelism平行结构有广义和狭义之分。

广义上说，作者用近似的语法结构表达近似的概念都可以称之为平行；而狭义中的平行是指在同一个句子中两个或者几个部分从语法上看是相同的。

而当构成平行的成分在结构上出现不同或者矛盾的时候，错误就出现了，不管这些成分应该是名词，动词，不定式，分词也好，是短语或者从句也好。

比如：1. Mature people do things according to their reasons, but not their instincts2. Come to the class prepared to take notes and with some questions to ask.3. He is good not only at hockey but plays basketball well too.4. I forgot that the bill was due on Monday and the company would close my account if it wasn’t paid.5. The hurricane was more of a threat to the tourists than the natives.6. Y ou may have met such people who are adults or rather elderly but are not mature at all.7. Mature people never do anything unreasonable or emotionally.这些句子正确的表达方法应该是这样：1. Mature people do things according to their reasons, but not according to their instincts.2. Come to the class prepared to take not and to ask some questions.3. He is good not only at hockey but at basketball.4. I forgot that the bill was due on Monday and that the company would close my account if it wasn’t paid.5. The hurricane was more of a threat to the tourists than to the natives.6. Y ou may have met such people who are adults or rather elderly but who are not mature at all.7. Mature people never do anything unreasonable or act emotionally.(4). Dangling modifier如果独立的修饰语和它预备修饰的名词或者代词在意义上不是明确而且有逻辑的联系的时候，就成为了悬垂修饰语。