现在完成时专题1.用法：①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调结果。
标志性的词语有just, already, before, yet, never, ever,recently （最近），... 例：I have finished my homework already.②过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
标志性的词语for 、since ，so far （句中谓语动词要用延续性动词） 例：I have lived here since 1990.2.现在完成时的构成 主语+have\has+过去分词+其它3.现在完成时的四个基本句型（1）九词语①already 已经 肯定句中或句尾 例: I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already.②yet 否定句中意为“还”， 疑问句句尾意为“已经” 例：I have not finished the work yet. Have you read the book yet? ③ever 曾经 例：Have you ever seen pandas?④never 从不 例：I have never been to Beijing.⑤just 刚刚 例：I have just done my work.⑥before 以前 例：I have never been there before.⑦so far 到目前为止 例：So far he has learnt 200 words.⑧how long 多久 例：How long have you lived here?⑨how many times 多少次 例：How many times has he been to Beijing?（2）三词组have<has>gone to 去了某地，没有回来 例：He has gone to Beijing (去了北京.未回)have<has>been to 去过某地，已经回来 例：He has been to Beijing. (去过北京，已经回来)have / has been in +地点 表示呆在某地、某个团体、机构（常与for 和since 连用）He has been in Beijing for 20 years. 他呆在北京已经20年了.（3）两结构for + 时间段 例如： for two months Jim has lived here for 2 months.since +过去时间点 例如：since last year ， since 1990 I have lived here since last year.since +时间段+ago 例如：since 3 years ago Lucy has been in Beijing since 3 years ago.since +过去时态句子 例如：since he came here He has been in China since he came here.5. 在现在完成时中，短暂性性动词不能和一段时间状语连用.例：He has bought the book for 3 years.（错）因buy 这个短暂性性动词不能和一段时间for 3 years 连用。
6. 还有其他短暂性性动词也是这种情况。
例如下：①come/arrive/get to/reach → be here 例：I have come here for 3 years.（错）改为：I have been here for 3 years. ②leave/go →be away 例：He has left for 3 hours.（错） 改为：He has been away for 3 hours.③begin/start →be on 例：The film has begun for 3 minutes.（错） 改为The film has been on for 3 minutes.④open →be open / close → be closed 例：The shop has opened for 3 years.(错) 改为The shop has been open for 3 years. ⑤die →be dead 例：His father has died for 3 years.(错) 改为：His father has been dead for 3 years.⑥finish/end → be over 例：He has finished the work for 3 days.(错) 改为The work has been over for 3 days⑦join –be in/ be a member of +团体I have joined the army for 3 years.（错）改为：I have been in the army for 3 years. 或I have been a soldier for 3 years.⑧buy /catch → have 例：I have bought the bike for 3 years.（错） 改为：I have had the bike for 3 years.例：He has caught a cold for 3 days.（错） 改为：He has had a cold for 3 days.⑨borrow → keep 例：I have borrowed the book for 3 years.（错） 改为I have kept the book for 3 years.还有其它的归纳如下：break → be broken get up → be up marry → be married现在完成时练习( )1. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .A.seeB. sawC. has seenD. have seen( )2. --- Does she often get to school ? --- Yes, quite often.A. take aB. by footC. by a taxiD. in her father's car( )3. —These farmers have been to the United States . —Really ? When _____ there ?Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone( )4.—____ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes . I ____ it a moment ago .ＡDid; do; finished ＢHave done; finished Ｃ.Have, done; have finished Ｄwill, do; finish( )5. His father ______ the Party since 1978 .Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in( )6.—Do you know him well ? — Sure .We ____ friends since ten years ago .Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made( )7.-How long have you___ here ? —About two months .Ａbeen Ｂgone Ｃcome Ｄarrived( )8. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes.Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began( )9. I a lot but I don't play very often now.A. use to play tennisB. was used to play tennisC. am used to play tennisD. used to play tennis ( )10.Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library .Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been( )11. His grandparents live in a small house, but they don't feel .A. lonely; aloneB. alone; lonelyC. lonely; lonelyD. alone; alone( )12. — You speak French very well, Gao Ming. — Thanks. I _______ French in Shanxi University for four years.A. had studiedB. studyC. was studyingD. have studied( )13. --- When you to learn to skate? --- Five years ago.A. do; startB. do; startedC. did; startedD. did; start( )14. It _______ ten years since we last time in Beijing.A. was; metB. has been; metC. was; meetD. is; met( )15. — _______ you ever _______ Chinese moon cakes, Jenny? — No, never. But I have had noodles.A. Do; tryB. Will; tryC. Did; tryD. Have; tried( )16. I _______ Mrs Gu for a long time.A. will seeB. won’t seeC. sawD. haven’t seen( )17. —Bad luck! It’s too late!—Don’t worry. The movie ______ for only a few minutes.A. has begunB. beganC. has been onD. begins( )18. We have been friends .A. last yearB. one year agoC. since we met last yearD. when we met last year ( )19. — Is Henry a new member in your art club? — No. He _____ our club for two years.A. joinsB. has joinedC. was inD. has been in( )20.Lucy is glad to share her own(自己的) things others.A. toB. withC. onD. and。