------------------- 时磊忖呎….... . ... ...-------------------北京广播学院2003年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试英语试题答题说明：答案与在答题纸上，答在试题纸上无效。

I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15%)Passage 1Direction: For questio ns 1-5, you will hear a con versati on betwee n a travel age nt and a girl. Liste n to it and fill out the table with the in formati on you heard. Writ e only one word in each nu mbered box. You will hear the piece only on ce.Passage 2Direction: Questions 1-4 are based on a talk on wit and humor. You are required to choose the best an swer for each of the questi ons from the four choices give n. You will hear the piece only once.1. The dist inction betwee n wit and humor is ______ .A. of no particular importa neeB. only a matter of opinionC. subtleD. exact and importa nt2. The speaker believes that humorous people ______ .A. are agreeable compa nionsB. are usually strongC. will take his side in any argume ntD. all of the above.3. The speaker ' s attitude toward wit can be described as _________ .A. cautious admirati onB. i ndiffere neeC. appreciati onD. disapproval4. The speaker intends this passage to _______ .A. get rid of the con clusi on betwee n wit and humor completelyB. express his pers onal view of wit and humorC. reveal the similarities between wit and humorD. express the good quality of wit and humor------------------- 时磊5说----- ----- -------Passage 3Directi on: Questi ons 1-3 are based on a talk about in flati on. You are required to choose the best an swer for each of the questi ons from the four choices give n. You will hear the piece only on ce.1. The main purpose of this talk is ______ .A. to discuss the causes of in flati onB. to in troduce the con cept of in flati onC. to argue in favor of in flati onD. to review yesterday ' s lecture on inflation2. Accord ing to the talk, i nflatio n means _____ .A. rising pricesB. fixed in comesC. cost of liv ingD. real in come3. Who ben efits from in flati on?A. Pers ons who own bus in esses.B. Pers ons with pensions.C. Persons with slow ris ing in comes.D. Pers ons who have salaries agreed to in lon g-term con tracts.Passage 4Directi on: Questi ons 1-3 are based on the followi ng radio program. Y ou are required to choose the best an swer for each of the questi ons from the four choices give n. You will hear the piece only on ce.1. Which of the following may be included in BCD International programs?A. I nterviews with radio producers.B. A variety of classic pop son gs.C. Latest n ews of the music library.D. Stories about the good old days.2. Which program gives us the ideas beh ind the pop son gs?A. The History of Pop.B. The Road to Music.C. Pop World.D. About the Big Hits.3. Native speakers ' understanding of English pop songs could be best described as .A. effortlessB. impossibleC. difficultD. unn ecessaryII READING COMPREHENSION (40%)Passage 1The most remarkable weap on inven ted by primitive man is the boomera ng. Made of hard wood, it is shaped into a curve over hot coals. It is from two to four feet long, flat on one side and rou nded on the other, with a sharp edge. There are several kinds of boomerangs. They are used for war, for hun ti ng, and for amuseme nt. The well - known "retur n" boomera ng is really a toy .In steadof going straight forward, it slowly rises in the air. It whirls around in a curved line until it reaches a certain height, after which it returns to the thrower. This effect is produced by the action of the air on the bulgi ng side of the boomera ng. The other types are effective weap ons because of their size and irregular moti on .It is said that with one of these weap ons, a n ative can cut s small ani mal in two at a dista nee of 400 feet.16. The boomerang is “ remarkable ” probably because of _________ .A. its unusual and varied performanceB. its great size and weightC. its ability to withsta nd stressD. its manner of con structi on17. The reader may assume that _______ .A. the boomera ng is not useful bey ond 400 feetB. the boomera ng is the only weap on inven ted by primitive manC. boomera ngs used for hunting and war are similarD. many boomera ngs are lost in huntingPassage 2Sequoyah was a you ng Cherokee In dia n, son of a white trader and an In dia n squaw. At an early age, he became fascinated by “ the talking leaf ” , an expression that he used to describe thewhite - man' s written records. Although many believed this “ talking leaf ” to be a gift from the Great Spirit, Sequoyah refused to accept that theory. Like other Indians of the period, he was illiterate, but his determ in ati on to remedy the situati on led to the inven ti on of a uni que 86-character alphabet based on the sou nd patter ns that he heard.His family and friends thought him mad, hut while recuperating from a hunting accident, he diligently and independently set out to create a form of communication for his own people as well as for other In dia ns. In 1821, after twelve years of work, he had successfully developed a writte n lan guage that would en able thousa nds of In dia ns to read and write.Sequoyah ' s desire to preserve words and events for later generations has caused him to be remembered among the importa nt inven tors. The gia nt redwood trees of California, called“ sequoias ” in his honor, will further imprint his name in history.18. What is the most importa nt mason that Sequoyah will be remembered?A. California redwoods were named in his honor.B. He was illiterate.C. He created a uni que alphabet.D. He recovered from his madn ess and helped mankind.19. How did Sequoyah ' s famict iteOiis idea of developing his own “ talking leaf ”？A. They arran ged for his hunting accide nt.B. They thought he was crazy.C. They decided to help him.D. They asked him to teach them to read and write.20. What prompted Sequoyah to develop his alphabet?A. People were writing things about him that he couldn ' t readB. He wan ted to be famous.C. After his hunting accide nt, he n eeded someth ing to keep him busy.D. He wan ted the history of his people preserved for future gen erati ons.21. The word illiterate means most nearly _______ .A. fierceB. poorC. abandonedD. un able to read or write22. How would you describe Sequoyah?A. determ inedB. madC. backwardD. meek23. Which of the following is not true?A. Sequoyah developed a form of writing with the help of the Cherokee tribe.B. Sequoyah was a very observa nt you ng man.C. Sequoyah spe nt twelve years develop ing his alphabet.D. Sequoyah was hono red by hav ing some trees n amed after him.Passage 3Ever since huma ns have in habited the earth, they have made use of various forms of commu ni cati on. Gen erally, this expressi on of thoughts and feeli ngs has bee n in the form of oral speech. When there is a language harder, communication is accomplished through sign language in which moti ons sta nd for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to resort to this form of expressi on. Many of these symbols of whole words are very picturesque and exact and can be used in ter nati on ally; spell ing, however, cannot.Body lan guage tra nsmits ideas or thoughts by certa in acti ons, either inten ti on ally or uninten ti on ally. A win k can be a way of flirt ing or in dicati ng that the party is only jok ing. A nod sig nifies approval, while shak ing the head in dicates a n egative reacti on.Other forms of non li nguistic lan guage can be found in Braille (a system of raised dots read with the fin gertips), sig nal flags, Morse code, and smoke sig nals. Road maps and picture sig ns also guide, warn, and in struct people.While verbalizati on is the most com mon form of la nguage, other systems and tech ni ques also express huma n thoughts and feeli ngs.24. Which of the follow ing best summarizes this passage?A. When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of communication.B. Everybody uses only one form of commu ni cati on.C. Non li nguistic lan guage is in valuable to foreig ners.D. Although other forms of commu ni cati on exist, verbalizati on is the fastest.25. Which of the follow ing stateme nts is not true?A. There are many forms of commu ni cati on in existe nee today.B. Verbalizati on is the most com mon form of commu ni cati on.C. The deaf and mute use an oral form of communication.D. Ideas and thoughts can be tra nsmitted by body lan guage.26. Which form other tha n oral speech would be most com monly used among bli nd people?A. picture sig nB. BrailleC. body lan guageD. sig nal flags27. How many differe nt forms of commu ni cati on are men ti oned here?A. 5B. 7C. 9D. 1128. Sign lan guage is said to be very picturesque and exact and can be used intern ati on ally exceptfor .A. spell ingB. ideasC. whole wordsD. expressi onsPassage 4Islamic law is a particularly instructive example of “ sacredlaw ” .Islamic law is a phe nomenon so differe nt from all other forms of law--no twithsta nding, of course, a con siderable and in evitable n umber of coin cide nces with one or the other of them as far as subject matter and positive enactments are concerned that its study is indispensable in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phe nomena. Even the two other represe ntatives of sacred law that are historically and geographically nearest to it, Jewish law and Roman Catholic Canon law, are perceptibly differe nt.Both Jewish law and Canon law are more uniform than Islamic law. Though historically there is a discernible break between Jewish law of the sovereign state of ancient Israel and the Diaspora (the dispersi on of Jewish people after the con quest of Israel), the spirit of the legal matter in later parts of the Old Testament is very close to that of the Talmud, one of the primary codifications of Jewish law in the Diaspora. Islam, on the other hand, represented a radical breakaway from the Arab paga nism that preceded it; Islamic law is the result of an exam in ati on, from uni form, comprising as it did the various components of the laws of pre-Islamic Arabia and numerous legal elements taken over from the non-Arab peoples of the conquered territories. All this was unified by being subjected to the same king of religious scrutiny, the impact of which varied greatly, being almost non existe nt in some fields, and in others orig in at ing no vel in stituti ons. This cen tral duality of legal subject matter and religious norm is additional to the variety of legal, ethical, and ritual rules that is typical of sacred law.In this relation to the secular state, Islamic law differed from both Jewish and Canon law. Jewish law was buttressed by the cohesi on of the commu nity, rei nforced by pressure from outside; its rules are the direct expression of this feeling of cohesion, tending toward the accommodation of dissent. Canon and Islamic law, on the contrary, were dominated by the dualism of religion and state, where the state was no t, i n con trast with Judaism, an alie n power but the political expressi on of the same religion. But the conflict between state and religion took different forms; in Christianity it appeared as the struggle for political power on the part of a tightly organized ecclesiastical hierarchy, and Canon law was one of its political weap on s. Islamic law, on the other hand, was never supported by an organized institution; consequently, there never developed an overt trial of stre ngth. There merely existed discorda nee betwee n applicati on of the sacred law and many of the regulations framed by Islamic states; this antagonism varied according to place and time.29. According to the passage, which of the following statements about sacred law is correct?A. The various systems of sacred law originated in a limited geographical area.B. Systems of sacred law usually rely on a wide variety of precede nts.C. Systems of sacred law function most effectively in communities with relatively small populati ons.D. Systems of sacred law gen erally con tai n prescripti ons gover ning diverse aspects of huma nactivity.30. It can inferred from the passage that the application of Islamic law in Islamic states hasA. systematically been opposed by groups who believe it is contrary to their interestsB. freque ntly bee n at odds with the legal activity of gover nment in stituti onsC. remained unaffected by the political forces operating alongside itD. ben efited from the fact that it n ever experie need a direct confron tati on with the state31. The passage suggests that canon law differs from Islamic law in that only canon lawA. contains prescripti ons that non-sacred systems might regard as properly legalB. played a role in the direct confron tati on betwee n in stituti ons competi ng for powerC. concerns itself with the duties of a person in regard to the community as a wholeD. developed in a political en viro nment that did not challe nge its fun dame ntal existe nce32. All of the following statements about the development of Islamic law are implied in thepassage EXPECT ________ .A. pre-Islamic legal principles were incorporated into Islamic law with widely differing degrees of cha ngeB. diverse legal eleme nts were joined together through the applicati on of a purely religio ns criteri onC. there was a fun dame ntally shared characteristic in all pre-Islamic legal matter take n over by Islamic lawD. although Islamic law emerged among the Arabs, Islamic law was in flue need by eth ni cally diverse eleme nts33. The passage is most likely a part of _______ .A. a book reviewB. a research reportC. a codeD. a briefi ngPassage 5By far the worst form of competiti on in schools is the disproporti on ate emphasis on exam in ati on s. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concen trate on those thi ngs they do well. The merits of competiti on by exam in ati on are somewhat questi on able, but competiti on in the certa in kno wledge of failure is positively harmful.34. The author is str on gly opposed to the practice of exam in ati ons at school because ____ .A. the pressure is too great on the stude ntsB. some stude nts are bou nd to failC. failure rates are too highD. the results of exam in ati ons are doubtfulPassage 6The fact that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic in terview seems to be surpris ing for two reas ons. First, it seems likely that most people in modern Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive mann er, with journalistic in terviewi ng时磊5说-than with any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the cli ni cal in terview, such as that con ducted by physicia ns and psychologists. In these situati ons the professi onal pers on or in terviewer is in terested in gett ing in formatio n n ecessary for the diag no sis and treatme nt of the pers on seek ing help. Ano ther familiar situati on is the job in terview.35. Who is the in terviewee in a cli nical in terview?A. The patie ntB. The physicia nC. The jour nalistD. The psychologist皿TRANSLATION (30%)Directio n: Tran slate the five un derl ined senten ces into Chin ese in the followi ng two passages.Passage 1For differe nt readers differe nt aspects will take on differe nt degrees of importa nee, and some con siderati on should be give n to structuri ng research reports differe ntly for different audiences. (1) Management, for example, will be most concerned with the results of a research project, and thus the results section should be emphasized, probably by presenting it immediately after the problem section and before the procedures section. Other researchers would be most in terested in the procedures secti on, and this should be highlighted in writ ing up research projects for publicati on in professi onal jour nals or for prese ntati on at professi onal con fere nces. For non-tech ni cal readers and gover nment age ncies, the implicati ons of the results might be the most important consideration, and emphasis should be placed on the discussion of the report for this readership. Therefore, research data should be presented in a way that places proper emphasis on maior aspects of the project. (2)Passage 2Most con cepti ons of the process of motivati on beg in with the assumpti on that behavior is, at least in part, directed towards the attainment of goals or towards the satisfaction ofneeds or motives. (3) Accordin gly, it is appropriate to beg in our con siderati on of motivation ______in the work place by exam ining the motives for work ing. (4) Sim on poi nts out that an organization is able to secure the participation of a person by offering him inducements that con tribute in some way to at least one of his goals. The kinds of in duceme nts offered by an organization are varied, and if they are effective in maintaining participation they must n ecessarily be based on the n eeds of the in dividuals. (5)IV WRITING (15%)Directi on:In this section of the test, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the following essay question. Your writing should be about 150-200 words long.Some people like to get daily news from TV , but other people prefer to read newspapers. Discuss these prefere nces. Tell your attitude and expla in why.参考答案北京广播学院2003年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试英语试题答题说明：答案写在答题纸上，答在试题纸上无效。