英语八年级上册短语,语法知识点总结
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 本单元的话题:谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。 一.本单元的语法:1.学习一般过去时; 2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。 1.不定代词和不定副词的用法: (1)一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one为两个单词); (2)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。 He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。(肯定句用something,形容词important放后) Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything,形容词special放后) (一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词interesting放后) 二. 本单元的短语和知识点: 1. go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/进山 2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 3. study for tests为考试而学习\备考 go out出去 4. quite a few相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物 6.taste good. 尝起来很好 taste(尝起来)、look(看起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词,后跟形容词 7.have a good\great\fun time过得高兴,玩得愉快(=enjoy oneself) 8. go shopping去购物 9. nothing…but+动词原形:除了……之外什么都没有 10. seem to do sth:好像… I seem to know him.我好像认识他。 seem+(to be)+形容词:看起来…The work seems(to be)easy.这工作看起来 很容易。 11.keep a diary记日记 12. arrive in+大地方:达到某地 (get to +地方:达到某地) arrive at+小地方:达到某地 (get的过去式为got) 13.decide to do sth:决定做某事 14. try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事 15. feel like给…的感觉;感受到 16. in the past 在过去 walk around四处走走 17. enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事 difference(名词,差异,差别)---- different(形容词,不同的) 18.start doing sth:开始做某事 (= start to do sth) 19.over an hour一个多小时 (over超过,多余 = more than) 20. too many 太多,后接可数名词复数。 too much 太多,后跟不可数名词,修饰动词作状语。 much too 太,后跟形容词或副词 , 分辨三者的口诀: too much, much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住,后面名词必复数。 21. because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing),不能接句子。 because因为,后跟句子。 He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。(get为动词) = He was late for school because he got up late. 22. enough(足够的)与名词连用,一般放在名词前He has enough money . 23. enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用,enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school. 24. forget doing sth.忘记已经做过某事(已经做完) Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)(forget的过去式为forgot) 25. so+形容词+that+句子:如此…以至于… too+形容词+to do sth:太…以至于不能… 形容词+enough to do sth:足够…能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换) Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 本单元的话题:谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时。 一.本单元的语法:1.复习一般现在时;2.学习表示频率副词的用法。 主要频率副词的等级排序:always(总是) > usually (通常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有时) > hardly ever(很少) > never(从不) 这些副词在句子中的位置,一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前。提问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词,用 How often I watch TV every day.我每天都看电视→How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视?) 二. 本单元的短语和知识点: 1.on weekends在周末 go to the movies去看电影 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不 2.once a week每周一次 twice a week每周两次 every day每天 3.use the Internet用互联网 be free有空 4.stay up late熬夜 at least至少 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动 5.after school 放学后 6.want sth:需要某物 want to do sth:想做某事 want sb to do sth:让某人做某事 7.be good for对……有好处 be bad for 对……有害处 8. play computer games打电子游戏 go camping去野营 ask sb about sth:问某人某事 My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母经常问我的学习情况。 10. in one’s spare time在某人业余时间He studies English in his spare time. 11.not…at all:一点儿也不 (not构成否定句)I don’t like the movie at all. 12.the (best) way to do sth: 做某事的(最好)方式 13.such as比如 (后跟名词或名词短语)for example 例如(后跟句子) 14.more than (=over)超过,多余 go to the dentist去看牙医 Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister. 本单元的话题:谈论事物对比,学习形容词比较级。 本单元的语法:学习形容词比较级。 本单元的短语和知识点: 1.play+the +乐器 play the drums打鼓 比较play +球类 play basketball打篮球 2.both…and…两者都(后面的动词用复数形式) Both Tom and Jim are students. 3.be good at+名词\代词\V ing:擅长,在某方面做得好 4..be like:像… The books are like friends.书像朋友。 5.make friends (with sb):(和某人)交朋友 6.enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事 7..be different from与…不同 My brother is different from me.我弟弟与我不一样。 8.help sb to (do) sth:帮助某人做某事 常与help sb with sth(在某方面帮助某人)互换 help (to) do sth:帮助做某事He often helps( to)cook at home.他经常在家帮助做饭。 9.be good with sb:与某人相处很好 10.information (n.消息,信息)不可数名词 Unit 4 What's the best movie theater? 本单元的话题:谈论事物对比, 学习形容词和副词的最高级。 本单元的语法:学习形容词和副词的最高级。 本单元的短语和知识点: 1.welcome to+地点:欢迎来到某地 Welcome to our school.欢迎来我校。 2.What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你认为...怎么样? 3.watch sb do sth:看见某人做了某事(= see sb do sth ) 4.比较级别 +and+比较级:越来越…(若比较级为more+形容词原级,则为:more and more形容词原级)The buildings are taller and taller. Our school is