专题04 短文改错高频考点TOP 4 名词考点一根据谓语动词判断单复数名词做主语时，谓语动词单复数可用来考察主语名词是单数还是复数，本项为考试重点考察项目。
考点二名词做宾语时，经常使用单数名词（名词裸奔）可数名词表示多个且表示泛指时，应该使用相应的复数形式，即属于“名词不裸奔”的一种情况。
1)I think the driver there drive too fast in the street.【答案】driver改为drivers【解析】根据从句的时态是一般现在时，谓语动词是复数形式，主语也应是复数。
2)Sometimes we talk to each other very well in class,but after class we become stranger at once.【答案】stranger改为strangers【解析】句意：有时我们在课堂上交谈得非常好，但是课后马上就变成了陌生人。
这里的stranger表示泛指，故改为复数形式。
3)You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet.【答案】minute改为minutes【解析】a few修饰可数名词复数4)But when I saw your wife and children waiting for me with warm smile of welcome on their faces. Iimmediately knew that everything could be all right.【答案】smile改为smiles【解析】句意：但当我看到你的妻子和孩子们脸上带着热情的笑容等着我的时候。
Smile表示“微笑，笑容”时，可数。
考点三常见的不可数名词加“s/es”受汉语语言的制约，学生对名词的数本身不够敏感，在文章中经常出现不可数名词误用作复数的情况而无法识别，此时就要求学生能够识记几个常见的不可数名词。
advice 劝告，忠告；baggage 行李；change 改变，变更；furniture 家具；homework 家庭作业；information 信息，数据；knowledge了解，理解；luggage <英>行李；money 钱；news 新闻；music 音乐；technology 科技；time 时间1)We can also form a good habit of putting rubbishes into trashcans.【答案】rubbishes改为rubbish【解析】rubbish是不可数名词2)I'd like to give you some advices on how to learn Chinese well.【答案】advices改为advice【解析】advice是不可数名词考点四涉及到应该使用名词的词型误用在一些固定词组中或者一些表达中，经常用易混淆的词型，如health(n.)-healthy(adj.),breath(n.)-breathe(v.)等；3)For Americans, distance in a social conversation is about an arm's long to front feet.【答案】long改为length.【解析】根据前面的an arm's 可知,所有格之后必须用名词形式。
4)When you have one succeed, reinforce it with another.【答案】succeed改为success【解析】句意：当你有一个成功，用另一个来巩固它。
One后应该用名词，故将succeed改为success考点五常见的单复数语义不一致有些名词的单复数形式表示不同的语义，因此也较容易误用。
life作生命的抽象名词时不可数,指一条条生命时可数noise作可数和不可数都差不多,比如make noise也可以写成make a noisework作为工作的时候不可数,其他情况可数wood作为树木的时候不可数,指树叶可数beauty与life相似,作美丽的抽象名词时不可数,指美丽的东西时可数glass作为玻璃时不可数,指玻璃杯可数fish可数时指自然界的鱼,不可数时指一道菜chicken 可数时指小鸡,不可数指鸡肉difficulty作可数名词意为困难的事物,作不可数名词意为困难5)In addition to this, she hardly has any times to take exercises. She has been on poor health for some time. 【答案】exercises改为exercise【解析】句意：另外，她几乎没有时间去锻炼，有时身体不太好。
exercise做不可数名词,活动，锻炼，运动；exercises做可数名词，一套动作，训练活动，练习。
此处应该表示“锻炼”，所以改为单数。
6)The country is facing great economic difficulty.【答案】difficulty改为difficulties【解析】difficulty作可数名词意为困难的事物注：1) 既可用作不可数名词，又可用作可数名词，词义区别不大的抽象名词。
belief- a belief- beliefshope- a hope- hopeschange- a change- changesdesire-a desire-desirescustom-a custom-customs2）即可用作不可数名词，又可用作复数名词但有词义区别的抽象名词。
damage（损害）-damages（赔偿费）advice（忠告）-advices（消息，报告）regard（尊敬，关心）-regards（问候）pity（怜悯，同情）-pities（不幸）sympathy（同情）-sympathies（慰问信）2）只能用作不可数名词的抽象名词。
abundance, astonishment, conduct, cooperation, envy, ease, information, harm, honesty等。
3）既有单数又有复数的抽象名词。
answer, award, case, cry, quarrel, trick, scream, knock, mistake, example, event, accident, earthquake等。
4）抽象名词具体化。
一般说来，如trouble, kindness, anxiety, joy, friendship, sympathy, pity, security等均属于抽象名词，是不可数的，但当它们的词义经转化或带有修饰成分时，可以“具体化”并被不定冠词修饰或加上复数后缀。
试比较：This was another example of their lack of experience.（经验）I’ve had some very disturbing experiences.（经历）It is a pity to give you so much trouble. （麻烦）Life is full of small troubles.（烦心的事）He was filled with joy.（欢乐）My children are a great joy to me.（令人快慰的事）(1)Papers catches fire easily.【答案】papers改为paper【解析】paper表示“纸”时为不可数名词，无复数形式。
(2) Her new novel is great success.【答案】is后加a或is后加of【解析】A success指一个成功的人或一件成的事；of success＝successful(3) The news is of great important.【答案】important改为importance【解析】of importance＝important(4) What fine day we have today!【答案】What后加a，day是可数名词【解析】可以说What fine weather．What+adj．+可数名词单数；What+adj．+不可数名词／可数名词复数。
(5) I forgot all of the room's numbers.【答案】room's改为room【解析】名词作定语(6) These children had great funs in the park.【答案】funs改为fun【解析】fun是不可数名词，无复数形式。
(7) In the past,the poors often went hungry.【答案】poors改为poor【解析】poor为形容词，the+形容词，指一类人；the poor指穷人们(8) Look! Two Germen are coming this way.【答案】Germen改为Germans【解析】名词复数错误(9) Put on more clothing,or you'll catch a cold.【答案】clothing改为clothes【解析】clothing指衣服的总称；具体的衣服用clothes(10)This is the steel work where my father works.【答案】work改为works【解析】works复数形式，表示工厂。
(11) Don't make any voice. Your father is sleeping.【答案】voice改为noise【解析】voice指人的嗓音；noise指噪音。
(12) It's not my book. Maybe it's somebody else.【答案】else改为else's【解析】根据句意，应用所有格。
(13)The man has been hunting for a work for a long time.【答案】work改为job【解析】a job，一份工作；work表示工作时是不可数名词。
(14) In our school,there are eighty woman teachers in all.【答案】woman改为women【解析】一般情况下，名词作定语时，用单数形式；但man和woman若修饰复数名词，用复数形式。