中国核工业集团公司英语水平考试大纲一、考试的性质与目的中国核工业集团公司英语水平考试（CNNC EPT）是中核集团公司专为其总部及成员单位公派出国人员设计的一种英语水平测试。
其命题不针对任何具体课程或教材，而是根据出国工作和生活的实际需要而设计，着重测试考生实际掌握和运用英语的能力。
中核集团公司英语水平考试由中核集团公司国际合作部统一组织命题，每年年中（6月或7月）和年底（12月或次年1月）各举行一次。
通过该考试者，中核集团公司将根据成绩颁发合格证书，并作为中核集团公司审批公派出国的依据之一。
本考试是一种标准化测试，由笔试和口试两大部分组成。
二、考试内容与结构(一)笔试部分笔试共有四部分，即听力理解、语言知识运用、阅读理解和书面表达，满分为100分，考试时间为135分钟。
本部分的题目数、分值、计分和参考用时如下：各部分要求如下：第一部分：听力理解（Part I. Listening Comprehension）本部分主要测试考生能否听懂每分钟120－150单词的对话和一般性题材的讲话。
具体要求是：（1）理解所听到的对话和讲话的大意；（2）抓住其中的主要事实；（3）根据所听到的材料进行推理和判断；（4）理解说话人的目的和态度。
本部分考试内容共有三节：A节（10题）：每题为一段两个人的对话，之后由第三个人提出一个问题。
录音只放一遍。
要求考生根据所听到的内容，从每题所给的四个选择项中选出最佳答案，然后在答题纸（1）的相应位置用粗横线作出标记。
B节（10题）：本节由2－3篇较长的讲话或会话构成，每篇文章后面有若干问题。
录音只放一遍。
要求考生根据所听到的内容，从每题所给的四个选择项中选出最佳答案，然后在答题纸（1）的相应位置用粗横线作出标记。
C节（10题）：本节由一篇对话或独白构成，录音放两遍。
要求考生根据所听到的内容，回答问题或补充信息或进行信息匹配等。
考生应在答题纸（1）上作答。
听力考试进行时，考生可将答案划在试卷上；听力部分结束前，考生有5分钟的时间将试卷上的答案填涂或誊写到答题纸（1）上。
第二部分：语言知识运用（Part II. Use of English）本部分主要测试考生的语言知识运用能力。
由A、B、C三节组成。
A节主要测试考生对标准英语语法结构的掌握程度。
测试重点是：1、名词数和格的构成和用法；2、冠词的基本用法；3、代词的用法以及代词与先行词的前后呼应；4、形容词与副词的级的构成和用法；5、动词时态、被动语态以及主要动词句型的主要用法；6、非限定动词的用法；7、主要的情态动词、虚拟语气的用法；8、介词和连词的用法；9、各类句子的基本用法；10、词序。
本节的考试形式为：每题为一个不完整的句子，句子下面列给出四个单词或短语，要求考生从中选出最佳答案使句子语法正确、表意完整，然后在答题纸（2）上的相应位置用粗横线作出标记。
B节主要测试考生对词汇及其用法的掌握情况。
所考基本词汇以当年国家公共英语等级考试第五级（PETS 5）考试大纲中的词汇表为准。
专业性很强的词汇不在考试范围内。
本节的考试形式为：每题给出一个句子，其中有一个词或短语的下面划有横线，要求考生从句子下面所列的四个选择项中选出与划线部分意义最接近的并能代替它的答案，然后在答题纸（2）上的相应位置用粗横线作出标记。
C节主要测试考生综合运用语言的能力。
本节的考试形式为完型填空。
考题由一篇文章组成，文中有10个空白。
考生通过阅读全篇，掌握大意，针对文中空白处，从所给的四个选择项中选出最佳答案，然后在答题纸（2）上的相应位置用粗横线作出标记。
第三部分：阅读理解（Part III. Reading Comprehension）本部分主要测试考生通过阅读获取信息的能力。
既要求准确，也要求有一定速度。
生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3％。
本部分主要测试以下能力：1、掌握所读材料的中心思想、主要内容和细节；2、对所读材料的内容进行一定的判断和推理；3、根据上下文推测某些词和句子的含义；4、领会作者的观点和判断作者的态度。
阅读材料具有以下特点：1、题材广泛，可以包括社会、文化、科普常识、史地、日常生活知识、人物传记等，所涉及的背景知识应能为考生所了解；2、体裁多样，可以包括叙事、议论、描述、说明、应用文等。
本部分的考试形式为要求考生阅读若干篇材料，每篇材料后有若干问题，本部分总共有30个问题。
考生应根据文章内容从每题所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，然后在答题纸（2）上的相应位置用粗横线作出标记。
此部分的阅读总量（不包括题目及选择项）为1800词左右。
第四部分：书面表达（Part IV. Writing）本部分主要测试考生是否具有一定的书面表达能力。
考试形式为要求考生在30分钟内写出一篇不少于150个单词的短文。
短文可能为评论性、叙述性、说明性体裁，也可能为信件、便条、通知以及登记表格等应用文体裁。
要求内容切题、完整，表达清楚、连贯，语言准确，结构和词汇的采用丰富，文章的组织和结构得当。
考生应将短文写在答题纸（3）上，否则将不予计分。
（二）口试部分1、口试内容与结构本部分主要测试考生用英语进行口头交流和会话的能力。
要求考生能就各种话题自如地进行对话和讨论，能够使用适当、准确的语言表达复杂的思想或概念，能够产出较长的、内容连贯、达意的话语，中途由于考虑措辞或语言的恰当性可以有正常的迟疑或停顿。
本部分考试时间约为10分钟，满分9分，6分为及格，7.5分以上为优秀。
本部分考试内容共有三节：A节为自我介绍（Self Introduction, 1分钟）：本节主要目的是进行“预热”，适当考查考生理解一般性问题并能恰当地回答这些问题的能力。
考生介绍自己生活、工作、学习等有关自身情况的问题。
B节为话题陈述(Topical Presentation, 5分钟)：主要考查考生连续表达的能力。
考生从所给话题中选择一个话题，现场准备2分钟，然后进行3分钟的连续表达。
C节为话题谈论（Topical Discussion, 4分钟）：主要考查考生应用英语进行表述与讨论的能力。
考生将与考官就与B节相关的话题展开讨论。
口语考官会通过提出问题引导讨论过程，考生需要积极参与互动。
2、评分方法在口试过程中, 口试教师依照口试评分标准进行评分, 而不对不同考生的口试情况作任何比照。
口试教师依照口试各节的全部考查内容对考生进行口语评价, 而不依照其中的某一部分独立评分。
口试时由两名口语教师对考生的口语能力进行评价。
不参与交谈的教师根据评分标准中列出的四项内容分项给分，参与交谈的教师给出一个综合分，以上各项的平均分即为该考生的口语分数。
3、评价内容口试考官从以下四个方面评价考生口语能力：（1）语法与词汇根据考生使用语法和词汇的恰当性和准确性评分。
要求考生能够熟练运用语法知识和丰富的词汇进行表达。
允许存在一些错误。
（2）话语运用根据考生话语的条理性和连贯性评分。
要求考生具有较强的语言运用能力，能够连贯地传递信息，阐述观点等。
允许个别的不连贯之处。
（3）语音语调根据考生为完成口试任务所产出语言的可理解程度评分。
其中包括单音的清晰度，连读以及重音，节奏，语调运用的恰当程度。
只要不对理解造成影响，允许考生在英语表达中带有母语口音。
（4）互动交际根据考生相互交流，完成交际任务的情况进行评分。
要求考生能恰当地进行应答和引入话题。
其中包括使用功能性语言和方法维持交流或进行交流补救。
允许有个别的停顿。
三、评分档次和标准（一）综合评分标准考生的综合成绩将根据考生的笔试和口试成绩，综合评定为“优秀”、“合格”和“不合格”三档。
其标准如下：1、“优秀”：笔试总分不低于85分，其中听力部分成绩不低于25分，口语成绩不低于7.5分。
只有三项成绩全部达到上述标准，才可评为“优秀”。
有一项未达到此标准即不能评为“优秀”。
2、“合格”：笔试总分不低于60分，其中听力部分不低于18分，口语成绩不低于6分。
只有这三项成绩全部达到上述标准，才可评为“合格”。
有一项未达到此标准即不能评为“合格”。
3、“不合格”：未达到“合格”档的最低标准的，为“不合格”。
（二）证书综合成绩达到“优秀”和“合格”的考生，将获得中国核工业集团公司科技与国际合作部和人力资源部联合颁发的《中国核工业集团公司英语水平考试合格证书》，证书上将标注其综合成绩所属档次。
其中，“优秀”档次证书有效期为八年，“合格”档次证书有效期为五年。
附件：中国核工业集团公司英语水平考试样题中国核工业集团公司英语水平考试样题笔试样题中国核工业集团公司英语水平考试English Proficiency Test, China National Nuclear Corporation姓名：________ 考号：________ 单位：______________________考生注意事项1．严格遵守考场纪律，考生得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。
2．答题前考生须将自己的姓名和单位写在试卷和答题纸上。
3．听力部分答题时，考生可先将答案标注在试卷上，在听力部分结束前考生有5分钟的时间将答案填涂在答题纸上。
其它部分不再额外留出填涂答案的时间。
4．一律使用2B铅笔，按照答题纸上的要求答题。
如要改动答案，必须用橡皮擦净。
5．注意字迹清楚，保持卷面整洁。
6．考试结束时将试卷和答题纸放在桌上，不得带走。
待监考人员收毕清点无误后，方可离场。
Part I. Listening Comprehension（30 items, 30 points, 30 minutes）Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a third voice will ask a question about what was said. You will hear the question ONCE only. When you have heard the question, you will have a period of 15-20 seconds to read the four possible answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] and decide which is the best answer. Mark your answer on the answer sheet (1) by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Example:You will hear:Man: Hello, Mary. This is John Smith at the office.Is Bill feeling any better today?Woman: Oh, yes, John. He’s feeling much better now. But the doctor says he’ll have to stay in bed until Monday.Third voice: Where is Bill now?You will read:[A] At the office. [B] On his way to work.[C] Home in bed. [D] Away on vacation.From the conversation, we know that Bill is sick and will have to remain in bed until Monday. The best answer, then, is [C], “Home in bed.” Therefore, you should choose answer [C].1. [A] A film-maker.[B] A journalist.[C] A salesman.[D] A manager.2. [A] Modern music.[B] Ballet.[C] Modern dance.[D] Ballads.3. [A] A new car.[B] A house.[C] Some pipes.[D] A flat.4. [A] Very much.[B] Just so so.[C] No idea.[D] Not interested.5. [A] In an office.[B] At a party.[C] At a restaurant.[D] At home.6. [A] It was backed.[B] It slipped.[C] It was hit.[D] It was overturned.7. [A] Fiancé and fiancée.[B] Friends.[C] Brother and sister.[D] Acquaintances.8. [A] He likes it.[B] He doesn’t care.[C] He thinks there is no alternative.[D] He feels the government could have done better.9. [A] Friends.[B] Husband and wife.[C] Colleagues.[D] Teacher and student.10. [A] She’s been working in the office.[B] She’s been preparing things for a party.[C] She has had to prepare drinks for the party.[D] She’s been entertaining a lot of guest.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear several brief talks and/or conversations. After each talk and/or conversation you will hear some questions about what was said. You will hear each question ONCE only. After you hear the question, you will have 15-20 seconds to read the four possible answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] and decide which is the best answer. Mark your answer on the answer sheet (1) by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Questions 11-14 are based on the talk you have just heard.11. [A] A shop assistant.[B] A bank teller.[C] A regular customer.[D] A stock broker.12. [A] That every penny counts.[B] He is important.[C] He is talkative.[D] Those stocks are important.13. [A] It is very important to have money.[B] It i s valueless unless it’s your own.[C] Money may lead to crime.[D] Money makes people snobbish.14. [A] Money and its importance.[B] Money and social status.[C] A personal view of money.[D] How money is handled at bank.Questions 15-17 are based on the conversation you have just heard.15. [A] Just so so.[B] Bad.[C] Good.[D] No impression yet.16. [A] They are cold to them.[B] They try to be friendly to them.[C] They never speak to them.[D] They don’t want t o know them.17. [A] A book store.[B] Supermarkets.[C] A drugstore.[D] A cinema.Questions 18-20 are based on the talk you have just heard.18. [A] Mother.[B] Father.[C] Grandfather.[D] Parents.19. [A] He’s hardworking and conservative.[B] He’s wealthy and respectable.[C] He’s flexible and tolerant.[D] He’s particular and irritable.20. [A] Her father let her leave school and learn art.[B] He saved up to buy beautiful dresses for her.[C] He loved her and never said anything about his work.[D] He supported her while she studied at Cambridge.Section CSample 1Directions:In this section, you will hear an interview. As you listen, you must answer Questions 21-30 by writing NO MORE THAN FIVE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the interview TWICE. Write the answers on Answer Sheet (1).21.What nationality is Regine？22. Where dose she live?23. Is she married?24. Where does she work?25. What are the other family members she lives with?26. How old is she now?27. How does she get to work every morning?28. How long is her summer holiday?29. What is the secret of her success as she explains?30. Is she happier now?Sample 2Directions:In this section, you will hear a forum. As you listen, you must complete the remarks given by the four participants at the forum according to what you hear on the tape by writing NO MORE THAN FIVE WORDS in the blank. You will hear the forum TWICE.Headmaster:The two full-time jobs that children have already got are ( 21 ) and ( 22 ).Part-time jobs make them ( 23 ) that they ( 24 ) in class.Mrs. Barnes:What children need is ( 25 ).Mr. Barnes:A part-time job can’t ( 26 ) boys.They earn their pocket-money instead of asking their parents for it. And they ( 27 ) of the world （28）.Businessman:Boys ( 29 ) from a part-time job.If the pupils didn’t take part-time jobs they couldn’t ( 30 ).Sample 3Directions:In this section, you will hear a conversation. As you listen, you must complete the chart according to what you hear on the tape by writing NO MORE THAN FIVE WORDS in the chart. You will hear the conversation TWICE.Part II. Use of English(40 items, 25 points, 30 minutes)Section ADirections:There are l5 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on Answer Sheet (2) by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.31. ____ wooden buildings helps to protect them from damage due to weather.[A] Painting[B] Painted[C] The paint[D] By painting32. Carbohydrates are the most abundant and ____ food sources of energy.[A] least cost[B] least costly[C] less cost[D] fewer costs33. Loganberries can be used in jams ____ their juice.[A] and for[B] while[C] too[D] in which34. Adhesives, such as glue, tape, and gum, vary with the purpose ____ intended.[A] they were for[B] for they were[C] which were they[D] for which they were35. Alaskan forests ____ five or six miles inland from the Pacific coast.[A] penetrate more rarely than[B] more rarely than penetrate[C] more penetrate than rarely[D] rarely penetrate more than36. In 1727 Benjamin Franklin founded one of the first adult-education organizations, ____the Juto.[A] has been called[B] which group called[C] to call[D] a group called37. The wallflower ____ because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffsfor support.[A] so called is[B] so is called[C] is so called[D] called is so38. ____ all rainwater falling from a cloud reaches the ground; some of it is lost throughevaporation.[A] Nowhere[B] Not[C] No[D] None39. ____ Nat Turner who led a revolt against slavery in Virginia in 1831.[A] Where was[B] It was[C] He was[D] It was him40. The most elaborate of all bird nests _____, domed communal structure built by socialweaverbirds.[A] larger[B] largely is[C] the large[D] is the large41. If I were in movie, then it would be about time that I ____ my head in my hands for acry.[A] bury[B] am burying[C] buried[D] would bury42. There was no sign that Mr. Jospin, who keeps a firm control on the party despite ___from leadership of it, would intervene personality.[A] being resigned[B] having resigned[C] going to resign[D] resign43. So involved with their computers____ that leaders at summer compute camps oftenhave to force them to break for sports and games.[A] became the children[B] become the children[C] had the children become[D] do the children become44. As I’ll be away for at least a year. I’d appreciate___ from you now and then telling mehow everyone is getting along.[A] hearing[B] to hear[C] to be hearing[D] having heard45. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, ___ to find it locked.[A] just[B] only[C] hence[D] thusSection BDirections:There are 15 sentences in this section. Each sentence has a word or phrase underlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the one word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined part. Mark your choice on Answer Sheet (2) by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.46. The temperatures are somewhat lower than the average temperature in May this year.[A] rather[B] very[C] a little[D] less47. He must not allow this unusual barrier to stop him from fighting against the enemy.[A] interior[B] obstacle[C] interruption[D] interference48. Next semester, Susan must take three compulsory courses.[A] formal[B] voluntary[C] practical[D] required49. Should either of these situations occur, wrong control actions might be taken and apotential accident sequence initiated.[A] imported[B] installed[C] started[D] interviewed50. Now about half of the women who work in social welfare are part-time, as compared to38% in the private sector.[A] guarantee[B] farewell[C] well-off[D] well-being51. This is the sort of the case in which judges must exercise the arbitrary power describeda moment ago.[A] avail[B] use[C] have[D] display52. Floods have undermined the foundation of the ancient bridge.[A] weakened[B] reached[C] spoiled[D] covered53. A frequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda.[A] worried[B] neglected[C] reduced[D] mentioned54. Some psychologists argue that the traditional idea “spare the rod and spoil the child” isnot rational.[A] helpful[B] kind[C] sensible[D] effective55. The police are trying to get back the stolen statue.[A] detain[B] retrieve[C] track[D] detect56. As a versatile actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musicalinstruments.[A] competent[B] outstanding[C] all-sided[D] well-known57. There are not many teachers who are strong advocates of traditional methods inlanguage teaching.[A] people who speak in favor of[B] people who are against[C] people who are trained in[D] people who practice58. The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains somany obscure references.[A] noticeable[B] objective[C] subjective[D] vague59. The mayor was asked to condense his speech in order to allow his audience to raisequestions.[A] cancel[B] shorten[C] cut short[D] call off60. I never thought he would let us down like that; I always counted on him.[A] surprise[B] encourage[C] disappoint[D] delightSection CDirections:For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the choices given below to complete the passage. Mark you answer on Answer Sheet (2) by drawing with a pencila short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.One of the advantages of taking notes is that it forces you to pay closer attention to the class lecture. If you listen _61 to a professor who is talking on and on for an hour or so, your mind will often 62 and your attention lessen. You are sitting in class and listening, but that 63 you are doing, however, when you listen actively you have to pay more careful and 64 attention to what is being said.This is because you are trying to transform what you hear into an 65 shortened written form. As a foreign student, you may find 66 very difficult to listen and write notes in English at the same time. It is difficult at first, but you will learn how to do so with practice. You may be afraid you will forget what you are listening to 67 you are listening and writing at the same time, but the studies of researchers 68 the value of note taking in understanding lecture material have shown that learners remember information they have reproduced in some note form much better than lecture information they have listened to 69 did not take down in note form. So doing two things at the same time is better than doing one thing 70 . We do not say it is easier; we say it is better.61. [A] passively [B] attentively[C] carefully [D] permanently62. [A] wonder [B] wander[C] widen [D] concentrate63. [A] may [B] must be what[C] may be that [D] may be all64. [A] constant [B] regular[C] temporary [D] continual65. [A] understanding [B] undertook[C] understandable [D] underlined66. [A] some [B] which[C] that [D] it67. [A] even though [B] as if[C] although [D] because68. [A] with [B] around[C] up on [D] out69. [A] but [B] however[C] nevertheless [D] otherwise70. [A] for a time [B] at a time[C] for some time [D] in a timePart III. Reading Comprehension(30 items, 30 points, 45 minutes)Directions:In this part there are several passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers. Choose the one you think is the best answer. Mark your choice on Answer Sheet (2) by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Passage OneRevenge is one of those things that everyone enjoys. People don’t like to talk about it, though. Just the same, there is nothing more satisfying or more rewarding than revenge. The purpose is not to harm your victims but to let them know that you are upset about something that they are doing to you. Careful plotting can provide you with relief from bothersome coworkers, gossiping friends, or nagging family members.Coworkers who make comments about the fact that you are always fifteen minutes late for work can be taken care of very simply. All you have to do is to get up extra early one day. Before the sun comes up, dri ve to each coworker’s house. Reach under the hood of your coworker’s car and disconnect the center wire that leads to the distributor cap, the car will be unharmed, but it will not start, and your friends at work will all be late for work on the same day. If you’re lucky, your boss might notice that you are the only one there and will give you a raise.Gossiping friends at school are also perfect targets for a simple act of revenge. A way to trap either male or female friends is to leave phony messages on their lockers. If the friend that you want to get is male, leave a message that a certain girl would like him to stop by her house later that day. With any luck, her boyfriends will be there. The girl won’t know what’s going on, and the victim will be so em barrassed that he probably won’t leave his home for a month.When Mum and Dad and your sisters and brothers really begin to annoy you, harmless revenge may be just the way to make them quiet down for a while. The dinner table is a likely place. Just before the meal begins, throw a handful of raisins into the food. Wait about five minutes and, after everyone has begun to eat, cover your mouth with your hand and begin to make odd noises. When they ask you what the matter is , point to a raisin and yell, “Bugs!” They’ll dump their food in the disposal, jump into the car, and head for McDonald’s. That night, you’ll have your first quiet, peaceful meal in a long time.A well-planned revenge does not have to hurt anyone. The object is simply to let other people know that they are beginning to bother you.71. The main topic of the passage is how to ______.[A] avoid nagging family members[B] silence gossiping friends[C] make a harmless revenge[D] deal with bothersome coworkers72. According to the passage, a harmless revenge is ______.[A] to react to those who bother you[B] to amuse the victim[C] to prevent one from disturbing others[D] to hurt nobody emotionally73. As a harmless revenge, you might come first and get a raise by_____.[A] pleasing your boss[B] getting up earlier than your colleagues[C] destroying your colleagues’ cars[D] making your colleagues come late74. Which of the following statements is true according to the second example?[A] The girl received a phony message.[B] The victim was invited by the girl.[C] The girl managed to revenge the victim harmlessly.[D] The girl wasn’t expecting the victim.75. The family members dumped their food in the disposal because______.[A] they wanted to eat out[B] they thought their food had been spoiled[C] they wanted to have a peaceful meal[D] they didn’t like the food with raisinsPassage TwoThe study of social science is more than the study of the individual social sciences. Although it is true that to be a good social scientist you must know each of those components, you must also know how they interrelate. By specializing too early, many social scientists can lose sight of the interrelationships that are so essential to understanding modern problems. That’s why it is necessary to have a course covering all the social sciences. In fact, it would not surprise me if one day a news story such as the one above should appear.The preceding passage placed you in the future. To understand how and when social science broke up, you must go into the past. Imagine for a moment that you’re a student in 1062, in the Italian city of Bologna, site of one of the first major universities in the western world. The university has no buildings. It consists merely of a few professors and students. There is no tuition fee. At the end of a professor’s lecture, if you like it, you pay. And if you don’t like it, the professor finds himself without students and without money. If we go back still earlier, say to Greece in the sixth century B. C., we can see the philosopher Socrates walking around the streets of Athens, arguing with his companions. He asks them questions, and then other questions, leading these people to reason the way he wants them to reason (this became known as the Socratic Method).Times have changed since then; universities sprang up throughout the world and createdcolleges within the universities. Oxford, one of the first universities, now has thirty colleges associated with it, and the development and formalization of educational institutions has changed the roles of both students and faculty. As knowledge accumulated, it became more and more difficult for one person to learn, let alone retain, it all. In the sixteenth century one could still aspire to know all there was to know, and the definition of the Renaissance Man (people were even more sexist then than they are now) was of one who was expected to know about everything.Unfortunately, at least for someone who wants to know everything, the amount of information continues to grow exponentially while the size of the brain has grown only slightly. The way to deal with the problem is not to try to know everything about everything. Today we must specialize．That is why social science separated from the natural sciences and why it, in turn, has been broken down into various sub-fields, such as anthropology and sociology.76. What is the main idea of this passage?[A] Social science is unified.[B] Social science is a newborn science.[C] What is social science？[D] Specialization in social science is not good.77. What can we learn from the second paragraph?[A] Socrates can be regarded as the first social scientist in the western world.[B] The universities in Italy have no buildings.[C] Socrates created the “Socratic methods”.[D] Greece is not as civilized as Italy.78. Why does the author says “people were even more sexist then than they are now”?[A] Because they are so covetous that they want to know all there was to know.[B] Because it is the Renaissance “Man”, not Renaissance “Woman” or “Human”.[C] Because mp woman was formally educated at that time.[D] Because all Renaissance men were men.79. What does the underlined word “exponentially” mean in the first sentence of the lastparagraph？[A] promisingly[B] continuously[C] drastically[D] rapidly80. We can infer from the passage that_____.[A] social science is a united science, and cannot be divided into sub-fields[B] social science may be further divided into smaller parts as the amount ofknowledge and information expanding[C] there may be a Renaissance Man in the future[D] the best way to deal with the expansion of information is to know everythingPassage ThreeIn the past, the concept of marketing emphasized sales. The producer or manufacturer made a product he wanted to sell. Marketing was the task of figuring out how to sell the product. Basically , selling the product would be accomplished by sales promotion, which included advertising and personal selling. In addition to sales promotion, marketing also involved the physical distribution of the product to the places where it was actually sold. Distribution consisted of transportation, storage, and related services such as financing, standardization and grading, and the related risks.The modern marketing concept encompasses all of the activities mentioned, but it is based on a different set of principles. It subscribes to the notion that production can be economically justified only by consumption. In other words, goods should be produced only if they can be sold. Therefore, the producer should consider who is going to buy the product—or what the market for the product is –before production begins. This is very different from making a product and then thinking about how to sell it.81. Marketing used to be mainly concerned with _____ the product.[A] making[B] distributing[C] selling[D] advertising82. The two main aspects of traditional marketing are _____.[A] selling and distributing[B] advertising and selling[C] producing and selling[D] financing and grading83. How many aspects does distribution involve?[A]Three[B] Four[C] Five[D] Six84. While traditional marketing is mainly concerned with sales of a product, modernmarketing _____.[A] caters for selling justified by production.[B] excludes the sales activities involved in traditional marketing.[C] puts more emphasis on economy in production.[D] aims to achieve a balance between production and sales.85. The producer is advised to first consider how to_____.[A] advertise the product[B] distribute the product[C] meet the needs of the consumer[D] make the productPassage FourIt is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant that they do not trust their children to deal with crises; that they talk too much about certain problems---and that they have no sense of humor , at least in parent-child relationships, I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt when young.Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.Sometimes you are resistant, and proud because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do . If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are assuming that you are the underdog: you can’t win but at least you can keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents’ control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself.If you plan to control your life, co-operation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.86. The author is primarily addressing _____.[A] parents of teenagers[B] newspaper readers[C] those who give advice to teenagers[D] teenagers87. The first paragraph is mainly about _____.[A] the teenagers’ criticism of their parents[B] misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents[C] the dominance of the parents over their children[D] the teenagers’ ability to deal with crises88. Teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles because they----.[A] want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own[B] have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste。