文档从互联网中收集，已重新修正排版，word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。 1word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。 名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses).名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语，形容词宾语等。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主要考查语序问题，连接词的选用，时态呼应等。 ◆名词性从句的共同点：1）主句和从句之间不能用逗号隔开 2）从句部分用陈述句语序 ◆引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether ,if 不充当从句的任何成分 连接代词：what, whatever( anything that), who, whom, whoever (anyone who), whose, which,whichever 连接副词：when, where, how, why
一 . 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether， 连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。
That she is still alive is a miracle. It doesn’t matter whether they will come or not. It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. What he wants to tell us is not clear. Who will win the match is still unknown.
Whichever book you like would be bought for you as a present. Whatever I do is for the good of you. Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. When we should close the shop on the holiday has not been decided. Where the meeting will be held has not yet been announced. It is known to us how he became a writer. Why he did so has not been clear. 文档从互联网中收集，已重新修正排版，word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。 2word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。 ★ 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语， 而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语一般用单数形式。 常用句型: (1) It is ＋名词＋从句.
It is a fact/a shame/an honor/no wonder/no surprise that… It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (2) It is＋形容词＋从句 It is natural/strange/clear/likely/(im)possible/obvious/
true/good/fortunate/certain/surprising that… Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems/happened/appears/turns out /struck me/
occurred to me that… It struck me that I still have to finish another task. (4) It is ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported/announced/expected/arranged/suggested/
demanded/hoped/known that… It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.
★在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚
拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, possible,etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, ordered,demanded,recommended,etc.) that… It is necessary that the manager should sign all the copies,not just thetop one. It is a pity that our team should lose the game. It is desired that we should arrive there before dark. 文档从互联网中收集，已重新修正排版，word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。 3word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。 二 . 宾语从句 用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的 关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，无意义。 在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去. He has told me （that ）he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. The letter says (that) they are leaving on Sunday. ★注意下列情况一般不省that：
① The teacher said (that) the boy was not bright and that he was not
worth teaching. ( 当从句部分含有两个或两个以上的宾语时，
第一个从句中的that 可以省略. 第二个从句中及之后的that不能省略。) ② They said yesterday that they had seen the film.
(主句的谓语动词之后有状语时，that不宜省略。) ③ I guess, Mr. Smith, that you are a little over 50.
(宾语从句被插入语和主句谓语动词隔开时，that不宜省略。) ④ She has made it clear that she has nothing to do with him. (宾语从句用it作形式宾语时，that不宜省略。)
⑤ I remember that before liberation my family were often hungry.
(从句部分状语或状语从句前置时，that不宜省略。)
★在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。 I insist that she (should) do her work alone. The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once.
★注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态. 如主句是过去式，从句一般要使用与过去相关的时态。 I thought you were having a break now. The teacher told the children that the earth is round . （从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态） 文档从互联网中收集，已重新修正排版，word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。 4word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。 ★ think, believe, imagine, guess, expect, suppose等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式 移到主句中。 We didn’t think you were here. 我们原来认为你不在这。 I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。
★ it 可以作为形式宾语 it可以作为形式宾语,而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾， 特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 We heard it that she would get married next month. They want to make it clear to the public that they do an import job. 2. whether或if引导的宾语从句，意思为“是否”，保持陈述句语序。
I asked him if/whether Tom had arrived. I want to know whether/if the thief was caught on the spot.
3. who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句， 应注意句子语序要用陈述语序,应弄懂连接词的含义和作用。 （既疑问词的意义和它在句子中所做的句子成分） She always thinks of how she can work well. He will give whoever needs help a warm support. He asked how long I was going to stay in the hotel. The map doesn’t show us where Egypt is. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is. Nobody knows why he mentioned that in the meeting. I still remember when this used to be a small village. It is considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. The computer can only do what you have instructed it to do. I read it in some book or other, does it matter which it was? Mary wrote an article on why the team had failed to win the game. That depends on how much you want to spend. Eat whichever cake you like and leave the others for whoever comes in late.