Key to book4 un it1-4Unit 1Active readi ng (1)Look ing for a job after uni versity? First, get off the sofaRead ing and un dersta ndingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the n ext stage in a series of acti ons or events (proceed)2 the process of cha nging from one situati on, form or state to ano ther (tra nsiti on)3 not feeli ng in volved with some one or someth ing in a close or emoti onal way (detached)4 referri ng to somethi ng which will happe n soon (upco ming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to retur n to a previous state or way of behav ing (revert)7 to say what happe ned (reco unt)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn ' t easy to make the (tr)a nsiti on from a busy uni versity stude nt to an un employed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watch ing a min dless televisi on show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed . Many people who haveexperie need a long period of in activity like this, whe n (4) reco un ti ng how they felt at thetime, refer to the same stra nge psychological effect. As the days pass, they begi n to feel (5)detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upco ming in terviews as if they were not very importa nt. Typically, back at home after threeor four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become depe ndent aga in on their pare nts.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You mayneed to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability sec on dary school just outside London. (comprehe nsive)2 I got stopped by a policema n who asked to see my driv ing lice nee. (cop)3 Have you see n this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked dow n the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he ' s an supporter of flexible work ing hadvocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of mon ths ago, and it still has n ' t got better completely (healed)6 An swer the questi ons about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future ?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult , or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired , or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don , or'(b) want tohelp you by liste ning to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy , do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and dono thi ng7 An swer the questi ons about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an in formal way of say ing to pay for someth ing ?2 If you are in the same boat as ano ther pers on, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle , do you (a) feel you are back where you started , or (b) feel a sense of satisfacti on because you have completed someth ing?4 If some one takes a soft line , do they deal with a pers on (a) in a kind and sympathetic wayor (b) in a lazy way without making a decisi on?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well , or (b)badly?6 If you do something by all means , do you (a) try your best to do it , or (b) not care about it?7 If you nu dge some one back into the saddle , are you en couragi ng them to (a) takeresponsibility again , or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with some one, do you (a) exam ine it carefully and sen sitively or (b) refer to it quickly and the n cha nge the subject?Active readi ng (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or en terta ining (amus ing)2 used for emphasiz ing that someth ing good has happe ned, especially because of goodluck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a pers on, bus in ess or country borrows, usually from a bank(loa n)4 to take an amount or nu mber from a total (deduct)5 the most excit in g, impressive, or in teresti ng part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you un dersta nd some one ' (s ypnpathme)7 n eedi ng a lot of time, ability, and en ergy (dema nding)5 Complete the con versati on with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at uni versity, I ' m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it ' s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn n'e t to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaura nt at weeke nds.A That must have been very (4) demanding .B Yes, it was. I had to get the right bala nee betwee n work and study. But the other peoplewho worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6)highlight of the weeke nd was always Saturday ni ght whe n we worked overtime.A But I don ' t expect you made a lot of mon ey?B No, there wasn ' t much after they deducted" tdXTJnd pension contributions. But it waseno ugh to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You mayneed to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my pers onal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave uni versity before getti ng a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she ' ll get a good degree, but I would n ' t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spe nt at college was more tha n what I earned in my part-time job.5 The cha nces of my being offered a job after that in terview must be quite remote.6 Our bus in ess has done very well since we cha nged our advertis ing.7 I think tell ing the truth and not cheat ing is always the best policy.Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds⑹ has thrived (7) hon esty7 An swer the questi ons about the words and expressions.1 If someth ing is not all it ' s cracked u is to(be valid and in teresti ng, or (b) just a littlebit disappo in ti ng ?2 If some one keeps banging on about somethi ng , are you likely to be (a) in terested in, or(b) bored by what they say ?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed , or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue , is it (a) unexpected , or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled yourambiti on, or (b) it happe ned almost by cha nee ?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often , or (b) the food the puboffers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy , or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat some one to somethi ng , do you (a) buy someth ing nice for them , or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up , do you (a) make the place look brighter , or (b) make the people in the place happier? Read ing and in terpreti ng8 Look at the senten ces from the passage and ide ntify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at uni versity, teachers banging on aboutopport un ities in the big wide world bey ond our sheltered life as stude nts, and what do Ifind?This shows the in formality of an in complete sentence in the first part, the use of an in formalexpression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especiallyboys, god, whe n will they grow up?) …This has the use of an in formal word (hassle), an in formal exclamati on (god) and a questi on to thereader (Whe n will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an in formal phrase (had myeye on).4 I kind of un dersta nd it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “ kind of ” is a sort of diseomarker of in formal speech (show ing someth ing is gen eral, vague or not defi nite).5 I wan ted someth ing in finance and in vestme nts, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of in formal speech (you kno w).6 ... it ' s true, he really did seem to have three han ds.Aga in here is a discourse marker of in formal speech (it ' s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everythi ngThis has ano ther discourse marker of in formal speech (well) and an in formal phrase (pretty well).Lan guage in useword formati on: compo und nouns1 Write the compo und nouns which mea n:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a pla ne journey (a pla ne ticket)4 a disco unt for stude nts (a stude nt disco unt)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an in terview is held (an in terview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formati on: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is reward ing from the finan cial point of view (a finan cially reward ing career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recen tly in troduced legislati on)3 in struct ions which are more complex tha n usual (unu sually complex in struct ions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orie ntated work)5 work which makes physical dema nds on you (physically dema nding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (pote ntially importa nt in formati on)7 can didates who have bee n selected after a careful procedure (carefully selectedcan didates)8 a coursebook in which everyth ing has bee n pla nned beautifully (a beautifully pla nned textbook)try as …might3 Rewrite the sen tences using try as1 I ' m trying to fill this last page, but I just canTry as I might to fill this last page, I just can2 I try to be frien dly with Marta, but she does n Try as I might to be frien dly with Marta, she does n3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I canTry as I might to get to sleep, I can might .'t think of anything't think of anything.'t seem to respond.'t seem to respond.'t help thi nking about my family.'t help thinking about my family.4 He just does n t seem to get the promoti on he deserves even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesnt seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get thepromoti on he deserves, he just doesnt seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her n ame, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her n ame, my mind is a blank.give n that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that ________ …1 Since I know several Ian guages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Give n that I know several la nguages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Si nee we ' re all here, I thi nk it would be a good idea to get dow n to some work.Give n that we re all here, I thtnkould be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it ' s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow. Given that it s rather late, I thi nk we should leave this last task un tiltomorrow.clauses in troduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses in troduced by than .1 She ' s experieneed at giving advice. IShe ' s less experieneed at giving advice than I am. / I than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn or you. You eat too much chocolate tha n is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part- timers donShe worked harder tha n most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isnYou have arrived late more times tha n is acceptable.5 I donI think you have given more personal information than is wise. m more experie need.' m more experie need at givingt good ft work so hard.t acceptable.collocati ons t think you should have give n so much pers onal in formatio n. It isn6 Read the expla nati ons of the words. An swer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?1 would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best stude nt research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can un derl ine it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are whe n some one scores a goal or preve nts one from being scored.2 loa n A loa n is an amount of money some one borrows from some one else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan ?No, I have n ' t. But my pare nts have take n out several loa ns to buy kitche n equipme nt.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan ?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan , what do you have to do with it?You have to retur n it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of bus in ess thrives best in your part of the coun try?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of pla nts thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical pla nts and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict ?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants tocompete with the other or maybe they enjoy “ kissing and making up ” after the confli7 Tran slate the paragraphs into Chin ese.If you ask me, real life is not all it ' s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at uni versity, teachers banging on about opport un ities in the big wide world bey ond our sheltered life as stude nts, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people （especiallyboys, god, when will they grow up?）, but mostly with money. It ' s just so expensive out here!Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Reve nue wants to deduct in come tax, the bankman ager wants repayme nts on my stude nt loa n, the Ian dlord wants the rent, gas, water,electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, a nd all that ' s before I ' ve had anything to eat.And the n some bright spark calls me out of the blue, ask ing if I ' m in terested in buying apension. At this rate, I won ' t even last till the end of the aeane lei I ' ?m 660. （译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。