数学
an a1 (n 1)d Sn (a1 an )n / 2
等比数列 geometric sequence
an a1q n 1 1 qn a1 Sn a1 (n ) 1 q 1 q
C)集合 Set 并集 union
图表题
真子集 proper subset
矩形 rectangle 对角线 diagonal
Part 4.数据分析
A)描述统计学 Descriptive statistics
算术平均数 arithmetic mean, mean
1 n E ai n i 1
众数 mode:一组数中出现次数最多的数
极差 range:一组数中最大值和最小值之差
柱状图 bar graphs
饼图 circle graphs
区间柱图 histograms
散点图 scatterplots
时间序列图 time plots
C)排列和组合 Permutations & Combinations 从n个人中挑出m个进行排列的可能数——
n! P (n m)!
m n
从n个人中挑出m个进行组合的可能数——
n! C m !(n m)!
m n
m Cn m ! Pnm
m n m Cn Cn
加法原理—— 完成某事有两种方式,第一种有m个方法完成,第二 种有n个方法完成,则该事有(m+n)个方法完成. 乘法原理—— 完成某事有两个步骤,第一步有m个方法完成,第二 步有n个方法完成,则该事有(mn)个方法完成.
Quantitative Reasoning
of Revised GRE
一、新GRE数学总体介绍
1.时间与分值
35 mins
×2
sections
130 ~ 170分,最小分数段1分
2.考查内容
算术:整数的性质,算术运算,数列等
代数:代数运算,方程(组)和不等式(组),解析几何 几何:基本概念 数据分析:描述统计学,图表分析,初等概率及概率分 布,排列组合
Ex7. If all of the telephone extensions in a certain company must be even numbers, and if each of the extensions uses all four of the digits 1, 2, 3 and 6, what is the greatest number of four-digi
解集 solution set
A B A B A B A B C A B C A B AC B C A B C A B A B A B A B
Part 2.代数
A)一元二次方程 因式分解求解 公式法求解 B)二元一次方程 唯一解 无穷多组解 无解
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 12 (D) 16 (E) 24
Ex8. What is the total number of different 4-digit integers in which the units’ digit is an odd integer while the thousands’ digit is an even integer?
I. The median of the five number cannot be 5
II. At least one of x, y, and z is greater than 9 III. The range of the five number is 2 or more (A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and III (E)II and III
3.新GRE的变化
(1) 增加日常真实背景问题的比例 (2) 几何试题减少,图表题仍是考察重点 (3) 提供辅助工具,如屏幕计算器 (4) 增加不定项选择和填空题型 (5) 对统计学概念的理解要求提高
4.题量与题型
20 questions / section
比大小:Quantitative Comparison 单项选择:Multiple-choice questions ——Select One Answer Choice 不定项选择: Multiple-choice questions
2) What is the median number of errors in the sample? (A) 3 (B) 3.5 (C) 4 (D) 4.5
(E) It cannot be determined from the information given
B)表格和图形中的数据解析(OG p263) 频率分布 frequency distributions
C)不等式
ab 0, a 0 b 0 a b, c 0 ac bc a b, c 0 ac bc | x a | b b x a b | x a | b x a b或x a b ab a 2 b2 ab ( a, b 0) 2 2
Enter the exact answer unless the question asks you to round your answer. For the following question, select all the answer choices that apply.
二、GRE数学概念与算法
中位数 median:按顺序排列后位于中间位置的数
n=奇数,正中位置;n=偶数,正中两数的算术平均
标准方差 standard deviation 描述一组数对于算术平均值的波动幅度.
方差 variance:标准方差的平方
1 n 2 ( a E ) i n i 1 D 2
Ex5. If the average (arithmetic mean) of x, y, z, 5 and 7 is 8, which of the following must be true?
■ 整数的整除性质
1)被3整除:看各位数字之和
2)被4整除:看末两位
3)被5整除:看末位 4)被8整除:看末三位 5)0可以被除0以外的其他所有整数整除 6)n个连续自然数的乘积能被n!整除 7)若n能被a整除,且能被b整除,则n能被a和 b的最小公倍数整除
Ex1. If n is an odd integer, then n 2 1 must could be be (A) a prime number (B) an odd integer (C) divisible by 8 (D) a multiple of 2 n (E) a positive integer 代入法
Ex4. The value of the units’ digit in121121 , 5632 , 9544 ?
B)数列 Sequence / Progression 有穷数列 finite sequence
无穷数列 infinite sequence
等差数列 arithmetic sequence
有限小数 terminating decimals
四舍五入 round to the nearest (tenths)
分数 Fractions 分子 numerator 分母 denominator 最小公分母 the least common denominator
■ 数的各个数位的表达
个位:units,ones 十位以上的其他整数位:基数词+s,如tens 小数位:序数词+s,如tenths
ax 2 bx c 0
a( x x1 )( x x2 ) 0
b b2 4ac x1,2 2a
a1 x b1 y c1 a2 x b2 y c2
a1 / a2 b1 / b2 a1 / a2 b1 / b2 c1 / c2 a1 / a2 b1 / b2 c1 / c2
■ 质数与奇偶性
1)2是最小的质数,也是唯一的偶质数; 两个质数之和为奇数,则其中之一必是2. 2)0,1非质非合 3)质数没有负数 4)任何一个大于等于4的偶数都能够表示成为 两个质数的和(哥德巴赫猜想)
Ex2. If p is a prime number greater than 11, and p is the sum of the two prime numbers x and y, then x could be which of the following? 代入法 (A) 2 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 9 (E) 13
——Select One or More Answer Choices
填空:Numeric Entry questions
Question 11 to 20 have several different formats. directed, select a single answer Unless otherwise directed choice. For Numeric Entry questions, follow the instructions below. …… ……
把单选当 多选来做!
Ex6. A sample of employees were tested on data-entry skills for one hour, and the number of errors (x) they made and the percent of employees (p) making x errors were recorded as follows. Number of Errors x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 or more Percent of Employees p 2% 5% 10% 24% 17% 20% 22%