凯尔特人相信在新年的前一晚， 阴间和阳间的大门不再门禁森严，此 时阴间的鬼魂会趁机跑出来，为阳间 的人们带来厄运。所以，在十月三十 一日晚上，凯尔特人会庆祝Samhain 这个节日，以趋魔避邪。
To commemorate the event, people built huge sacred bonfires where animals and crops were sacrificed tohelp scare ghosts away.
Thus, on the night of October 31st, they celebrated Samhain, when it was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to Earth to cause mischief and trouble.
Halloween!
万圣节的由来
Halloween
• Halloween is a holiday celebrated on October 31 in the USA, Canada, England, Ireland, Scotland, Mexico, Latin America, and Spain.
The Celts also wore costumes to disguise themselves, in an attempt to confuse the spirits roaming the Earth.
凯尔特人借着神圣的营火，燃烧献 祭的动物和尸体，以赶走可怕的鬼魂并 祈求神的保护。同时，凯尔特人也会假 扮成鬼的样子，企图混淆跑到阳间的鬼 魂。
• In North America, turnips, potatoes, and beets were not as readily available, so the pumpkin was used and found to be a suitable replacement.
• 众人皆知的杰克南瓜灯是刻在南瓜上，但人们一开始 是在萝卜，马铃薯或甜菜上刻灯笼，然后挖空并点燃 蜡烛在里面，形成灯笼。这些灯笼代表着过世的亲友， 并被放置在窗边或门廊上，以欢迎他们回来。他们也 被视为可趋魔避邪的象征。在北美洲，萝卜，马铃薯 和甜菜很罕见，因此常见的南瓜就成了非常适合的代 替品。
Jack-o-lanterns People have been making Jack-o-lanterns on Halloween
for centuries. The practice originated from an Irish myth about a man known as “Stingy Jack.” Stingy Jack one day invited the Devil to have a drink with him. Not wanting to pay for the drink, he tricked the Devil into turning himself into a coin, and then put the Devil into his pocket next to a cross that prevented the Devil from changing back into his original form. Jack freed the Devil after the Devil promised not to bother Jack or, should he die, claim his soul.
Kingdom, and Northern France. 在2000多年前的爱尔兰地区及法国北部，
住着一群凯尔特人，而万圣节就是起源于古塞 尔特人的一个叫做Samhain的节庆 。
For the Celtic peoples, the New For the CelticYpeeoaprlews,athsecNeewleYberaartweads ocenleNbroavteedmonber November 1st 1ofsetvoerfyeyevaer.ryThyies adar.te Tmharikseddathteeemndaorfked Summer and tthheebeegnindninogf oSf uWmintmere. r and the
万圣节的象征物
Jack-o’-lantern
Jake -O-Lantern
• Carved pumpkins are traditionally known as “Jack-olanterns.” Traditionally, the jack-o-lantern was carved from a turnip, potato, or beet and lit with a burning candle. These lanterns represented the souls of departed loved ones and were placed in windows or set on porches to welcome the deceased. They also served as protection from evil spirits freed from the dead on Halloween night.
beginning of Winter.
This time of year was often associated with human death.
凯尔特人选在每年11月1日庆祝新年 ，正值夏天结束，冬天刚开始的时 节多半让人联想到黑暗的死亡。
The Celts believed that on the night before the new year, the boundary between the worlds of the living and the dead became blurred as the dead searched for the afterlife.
Halloween dates back to the ancient Celtic
festival of Samhain (pronounced sow-in).
The Celtic peoples lived over 2,000 years
ago in the area that is now Ireland, the United