Speity principle 客观性原则 • (17) financial statement 财务报表 • (18) accounting transaction 会计事项 • (19) purchase orders 购货订单、订货单 • (20) invoices (n.)发票 • (21) receipts (n.)收条，收据 • (22) checks (n.) 支票 • (23) cost (n.) 成本 • (24) cost principle 成本原则 • (25) historical cost 历史成本 • (26) asset (n.)资产 • (27) going concern 持续经营 • (28) accounting period 会计期间 • (29) merchandise (n.)商品，货物 • (30) liquidation (n.)偿还，清算
• An individual who earns living by recording the financial activities of business is known as a bookkeeper, while the process of classifying and summarizing business transactions and interpreting their effects is accomplished by the accountant.
1.2 The field of professional accounting
There are three fields of professional accounting: • Public accounting is an area of accounting where accountants
Special Terms
• (31) revenue recognition principle 收入确认原则 • (32) revenue (n.)收入 • (33) goods (n.) 货物 • (34) fair value 公允价值 • (35) Materiality principle 重要性原则 • (36) matching principle 配比原则 • (37) expense (n.) 费用 • (38) conservatism principle 谨慎性原则 • (39) income (n.) 收入，收益 • (40) full disclosure principle 充分披露原则 • (41) financial position 财务状态 • (42) ethics (n.) 道德规范 • (43) confidentiality (n.) 守密 • (44) competence (n.) 能力，胜任 • (45) integrity (n.) 廉正，正直
Special Terms
• (1) accounting (n.) 会计，会计学 • (2) accountant (n.) 会计师，会计人员 • (3) bookkeeping (n.) 簿记 • (4) bookkeeper (n.) 簿记员 • (5) financial (a.) 财政的，财务的，金融的，会计的 • (6) accounting equation 会计方程式，会计恒等式 • (7) internal control 内部控制 • (8) audit (n.)审计；查账 • (9) public accounting 公共会计 • (10) private accounting 私用会计，专用会计，个体会计 • (11) governmental accounting 政府会计 • (12) accounting entity 会计主体 • (13) single proprietorship (n.)独资企业，所有权，业主权 • (14) partnership (n.)合伙企业 • (15) corporation (n.)公司
accounting • 3. Understand divisions of accounting work • 4. Understand the forms of organization • 5. Explain accounting concepts and principles • 6. Understand Ethics in accounting
Accounting English
张国华 王晓巍 主编 科学出版社出版
UNIT 1 BOOKKEEPING CYCLE
Chapter 1 Introduction to Accounting
Learning objectives: • After completing this chapter, you should be able to: • 1. Define accounting • 2. State the difference between bookkeeping and
1.1 Bookkeeping and Accounting
• Accounting is an information system that identifies, measures, records and communicated relevant, reliable, consistent and comparable information about an organization’s economic activities. Its objective is to help people make better decisions.
perform their services for the general public rather than for a single organization. The basic services provided by a public accountant are auditing, preparing tax reports, assisting in various tax problems, and making recommendations for business decisions. • Private accounting is an area of accounting where accountants perform their services for a single organization. The private accountant maintains the accounting records and provides management with financial data needed for business decisions. • Government and nonprofit accounting is an area of accounting where accountants perform their service for local, state, and federal