英语动词时态讲解
高三英语特长班
be 动词
• be动词的几种形式
1) 2) 3) 4) am is are(现在) was were (过去) being (进行) Been (完成)
be动词的用法
1. 与名词、数词、形容词、介词连用
1) 2) 3) 4) 我是一名医生。 I am a doctor. 他十岁。 He is ten. 他们很累。 They are tired. 这只猫在桌子底下。
The cat is under the table.
be动词的用法
2. There be 句型
1) 用于不可数名词和可数名词单数之前 There is a pen on the desk. There is some water in the glass. 2) 用于复数名词之前 There are some sheep in the hill. 3) 用于一般将来时 There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday. 4) 用于一般过去时 There was a book on the desk yesterday. 注意：请根据时态和句中的名词选择适当形式。
情态动词
2.解释
3)May
表示请求别人允许。 May I use your bike? 表示可能性。 He may be a teacher. He may live in this building.
实义动词
1.实义动词指的是有具体行为意思的动词。 2.实义动词在句中可以做谓语动词和非谓语 动词。 3.做谓语动词的用法 动词会有四种形式：单三，现在分词，过 去式，过去分词
பைடு நூலகம்
– – – –
1-2一般现在时
3. 动词碰到第三人称单数时，要加 “s”
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) work -> works 辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry -> carries 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的加“es”，如wash -> washes go -> goes do -> does have -> has
1-1一般现在时
– 1.表示事实,现状,性质或经常的,习惯的动作,常与 often, usually, always, sometimes, today,every day,once a week, every five minutes, on Sundays等 时间状语连用, 如： He has a brother. 2.表示普遍真理.如： The earth goes round the sun. 3.表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作 .如：Here comes the train. 4.在时间和条件状语从句中代表一般将来时 . 如：I'll go with you if you are free tomorrow.
练习
• 1.这里有一支钢笔在桌子上。
•There is a pen on the desk. 2.杯子里有一些水。 There is some water in the glass. 3.山上有一些羊 . There are some sheep in the hill 4. 昨天桌子上有一本书。 There was a book on the desk yesterday
例句
1) 我明天去看你。 .
I will visit you tomorrow
实义动词
注意：掌握四种形式的变化规律 1) He works in the office. 2) We are dancing together. 3) I caught a cold last week. 4) She has watered the flower.
实义动词
1)用原型：
a)let sb.do b)make sb.do c)help sb.(to)do d)had better do
例句
1) 这些男孩正在弹钢琴。
The boys are playing now.
2) 看，他们正在植树呢！
Look! They are planting trees.
3) 听，他正在唱歌。
Listen! He is singing.
3一般将来时
• • • • • • • • • 一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态 结构： 助动词shall/will + 动词原形（shall一般 用于主语是第一人称时， Will是英语任何主语。） 肯定式:主语+shall/will+动词原形+其他 否定式:主语+shall/will+not+动词原形+其他. 疑问式:Shall/Will+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+shall/will . (否)No,主语+shall/will+not … 缩写形式: 'll ==shall/will shan't== shall not won't == will not
助动词
• 助动词的几种形式
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) do /don’t (现在) Does/ doesn’t(现在第三人称单数) Did/ didn’t (过去) will /won’t(将来) have haven’t /has hasn’t/had hadn’t(完成)
助动词的用法
• 对句子进行否定和疑问 Do you get up early every day? I didn’t have lunch yesterday. Will you be back soon? He hasn’t finished the work yet. 在反意疑问句中 He works in a school, doesn’t he? She has never been there,has she? 在倒装句中 They helped the farmers , so did we. I won’t visit the famous singer,neither will he.
3一般将来时
2.当主语是第一人称时,用will 表示意愿.决心.允诺.命令 2.当主语是第一人称时, 表示意愿.决心.允诺. 等. 如 I will give you an English--Chinese dictionary for your English--Chinese birthday. 3.在时间或条件状语从句中,一般用一般现在时代替一 3.在时间或条件状语从句中, 般将来时. 般将来时. 如 Tom will write to me when he gets there. 4.be going to +动词原形也可表示将来时. +动词原形也可表示将来时. (1).表示主观意愿.打算等. (1).表示主观意愿.打算等. eg. He's going to learn English next term. (2).根据已有迹象, (2).根据已有迹象,可能要发生的情况 eg. Look at the black clouds! ----It ----It is going to rain.
2-1现在进行时
• • • • • • • 结构：am/is/are + 动词的-ing形式 用法： 1.表示目前发生(进行)的动作(不指状态),常用时 间状语有:now,at the moment 等,并常出现在祈 使句的句子中,与 look, listen连用. eg. Are you writing a letter to your father at the moment? Listen! She is singing in the next room. 2.表示目前阶段正在进行,而此刻不一定在进行 的动作. eg. They are planting trees these days.
实义动词
2)用动名词：
a)like doing b)enjoy doing c) finish doing d)介词之后用动名词
be good at doing what about doing thank you for doing
实义动词
• 注意下列词不同形式的不同用法: remember doing/to do forget doing/to do stop doing/to do go on doing/to do
英语八大时态
• • • • • • • • 一般现在时am is are do does 一般将来时will+do 一般过去时was were did 现在进行时am/is/are+doing 现在完成时have/has+done 过去进行时was/were+doing 过去将来时would+do 过去完成时had+done
情态动词
2. 解释
2) Must /have to Must 表示主观意愿，否定句用Mustn’t，否定回答用needn’t I must go now. You mustn’t play in the street. Must I clean the room now? No,you needn’t. have to表示客观条件的限制的“不得不”，它有时态和人称变 化，需要助动词来否定和疑问。 I don’t have to carry the big box. He had to wash his clothes.
1-3一般现在时
4. 例句
1) 他每天走路上学。
He goes to school on foot every day.
2) 我们经常在家里吃晚饭。
We often have supper at home.