Ｕnｉt 1Ｔａsk 2 A ｃonｔrａｒy to ﻩｉｍplｉcit asｓertion look uｐａdａpｔedSustaiｎunｂiａｓed In tｈe course of ｍetaｐhor ｃｌuｔteｒB bolsteｒｃｒediｂle impromptu spaｒｉngｌｙａnecdotｅCrｅｄentials tｅstimony hypｏtheticａl paraphrase juxtａposition Taｓk 3 TraｎsｌaｔiｏnB.发言提纲是有效发言的基础。

通过写发言提纲，你可以确保你的思想是相关联的，你的思路从一点谈到另一点，你的讲话结构是连贯的。

通常，准备讲演你可以采用两种提纲方式：详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。

在准备发言提纲中,应该写出你的特定目的及中心思想，并以连贯的方式确定主要观点和次要观点,发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成，这些提要在你讲话时能够给予你一些帮助。

发言提纲还应该包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。

在写发言提纲时,可采用准备提纲的模式，尽可能使你的发言提纲简要，同时，要确保提纲清晰，易于辨认。

C．１. Tｈe youｎｇeｒgｅnｅrａtiｏn should coｎtinue to susｔain and dｅｖelopｏur fiｎｅtｒａdiｔions and ｌoｎｇ-staｎdｉｎg ｃulture.２. Iｎtｈe coｕｒsｅof preｐaｒing one’s spｅech, one shoｕld be ｃleａrｌy a ｗarｅof how ｏne coulｄmaｋe efｆeｃｔive ｕｓｅofｓtatistiｃｓａn ｄｅｘaｍｐｌeｓｔo ｂolｓterｏnｅ’s point of view.3．Ａｎimpromptu speｅch isｏnｅof tｈｅspｅａking skilｌs thａt college students shoｕld leａrｎａnd deｖelop through praｃtice．4.By uｓing sｉmile ａnd meｔaphoｒ, ｙou can mａke yｏur ｌaｎguａge moｒｅｖivid andｍore attractｉve ｔo yｏur audieｎce.5．Ｔhe proper exampleｓyou cite might hｅlp rｅinforcｅtｈｅｉmpression ｏn your listeners aｎd make your viｅｗpointｓmｏre conｖinciｎg.6. Wheｎyou are speａkiｎｇ, ｙｏu shouｌd chｏosｅｃoｍmon ａnd easy wｏrdｓandａt the same ｔime aｖoid cluｔteｒin you spｅeｃｈ.7．Ｗhen yoｕwrｉｔe a papｅr，ｃitiｎg thｅvieｗｓfrom sｏmｅｅｘpｅｒｔｓis a good way ｔo ｍake ｙｏur iｄeａs morｅｃreｄible.８. A goｏd metｈod ofｄｅlivering a spｅｅch ｗilｌimprove iｔs qualｉｔy anｄwｉｌl heｌp coｎvey the ｓpeaｋers’ ｉdｅas clearlｙandｉｎteｒeｓｔingly.9.Ｙｏｕｓhoｕｌdｍｏt blinｄｌy use a word tｈａt you aｒe ｎot sur ｅaｂｏut, and if you aｒe noｔsuｒe, lookｕp the word iｎa dｉctiｏnary.10. Your lａnguａge should adaｐtｔo the partｉcuｌar occasion aｎd audie ｎce. Iｆyｏur laｎgｕagｅｉs appropriaｔe in aｌｌresｐeｃtｓ,your speech iｓsuccessｆul．D.Bｅfoｒe you deｌivｅr an acａｄeｍｉc speeｃh, ｙou ｓｈould，ｆｉｒst oｆall，ｇeｔwelｌpｒeｐared foｒiｔ．Then,youｓｈｏuｌｄm ａkｅyｏur major ｐoints cｌear in your spｅｅｃh,and ｙouｒspeｅｃｈshoｕld bｅｗｅll ｏrganｉzeｄ. Wheｎspeaking, you shoｕｌd not speａk ｔoo ｆaｓt, and yourｌanguage sｈouｌd be eｘplｉcit．Dｏｎ’t alway ｓread thｅnotes you ｐrｅpaｒｅd ｂeforeｈand. Ｆｒom tiｍｅtoｔｉme, ｙoｕshｏuld looｋat your ａｕdience. On one haｎｄ, you cａｎshow your reｓｐeｃt to your ａudiｅnce, ａnd on the otheｒhａnｄ,yｏu wilｌｂeａｂｌe tｏgoｏn wｉth yoｕｒspeech more sｍooｔhly. Unit ２Task 2 V ocａbulａrｙDｅvelopmｅｎtdｅvａstating posed mａｓsive coｎtrｉbuteｔo tｒiple menace liａbiｌｉｔｙconseｎｓuｓentaiｌs plausibleplauｓｉble poｒteｎｄpiｎｄown agｇraｖatｉｎg staｇgｅrin ｇon aｐar withｅmｅｒgence resuｒｇence ｄetract from iｎad ｅqｕaｃｙＴasｋ 3 TranslaｔｉonB.能源和人类利益有着双重关系。

人类历史发展长河中,由于利用能源成本低廉，人们主要关注能源和人类安康关系中有利的一面。

然而，过去一百年以来人口以空前速度增长,引起了能源需求的激增,同时，人均工业能源需求亦急剧增长。

因此,能源利用所需成本越来越高,无论是外延成本还是内涵成本。

一方面,能源资源加速减少,能源供应所需投入越来越高;另一方面,相比之下,外延成本更加令人忧虑,原因是能源利用严重威胁大众健康和安全，不断破坏全球生态系统，并可能引发大规模军事冲突。

C.1. Eｎerｇｙuse sｈould beｎｅfiｔｇｌoｂal sustainabiｌiｔy so ｔｈａt ｉｔcan contｒibute tｏlong-term huｍａｎwｅll-being.2. Today, this consensｕｓhａs ｇｉvｅn way tｏa variｅｔy of family styles ａs a rｅsult of people livｉng loｎgeｒ, marrying lａｔｅr , ａnｄｄivorcing more.3. Mｕcｈof the cuｒrent researｃh entaｉlsｃlose cｏllaboratiｏn with iｎdustrｙ，which leａds to a ｐｒｏfｉｔaｂlｅexcｈaｎｇｅof perｓonneｌand iｄeas.４. Iｆwe ｃanｎｏt pin down exacｔly whaｔwｅaｒｅsupｐosｅd to be m ａnaging, hｏw can we ｍanage it？5. Thｅmagnituｄe of urbａn mｉｇratiｏｎin recｅnt years iｓｅｖid ｅncｅoｆmｏre disturbiｎgｔrends：tｈｅeｘpａｎdｉｎg gaｐbetwee ｎrich aｎd pｏor, ｒapｉｄpopulatiｏｎｇｒｏwth and iｎcｒｅaｓing e ｎvironmenｔal degｒaｄatｉｏｎ．６．The stｕdｅｎｔs pｅrceived that ｔhe toxicｉｔy testiｎg oｆａn insec ｔicide isｏn a par with tｈaｔoｆ a cosmeｔｉｃ.７. Thiｓpresentaｔion describes ａｌargｅｓet of ｐlauｓible ｇoａlｓ,at ｌeasｔone oｆｗhich should be achieｖeｄwiｔhｉn years.9.Eｖｅn the verｙｍediocre servｉces and food at ｔhｅbeauｔy ｓpｏt dｉdｎotｄｅtract from ｔhe enjoyｍent of ｔhe ｔourｉsts.10. To ｆｉnanｃｅher ｔwo dａughｔerｓwｈｏaｒe both ａｔcoｌlｅge,she begａn making hanｄicｒaft ｔoａuｇment ｔｈe fａmｉly incｏmｅ. D．It is dｉffiｃuｌt tｏquantiｆy ｔｈe ｔｏtａｌcontrｉbuｔion of all thesｅfａｃtｏrｓｔo ｔｈe monetaｒy coｓts of energy sｕｐply,in par ｔbeｃaｕse fａｃtorｓｎoｔreｌaｔedｔo thｅenviｒｏｎment aｒe ｏfteｎｅntwｉned with enｖｉronmｅntａlｏnｅs．Ｆor eｘａmple, construc ｔｉon delays have beｅｎcausｅd notｊusｔby regｕlａtorｙcoｎｓtr ａints buｔａｌso by pｒobｌems ｏf enginｅering，manaｇemenｔand q ｕalｉty ｃontrｏl. Ｎeverｔｈeless,ｉｎthｅUS，enviｒonmentaｌiｍpａcts ｈaｖe iｎcｒeaｓed ｔhe mｏｎetary coｓts ofｓupplｙiｎg ｐeｔｒｏｌeｕm productｓbｙat ｌｅast 2５perｃent during thｅｐaｓｔ２０years, anｄthe coｓｔs of geneｒating elecｔｒicｉtｙfｒom coal aｎd nuｃlear ｐoweｒby ４0percenｔｏr ｍore.Uｎit 3Ｔａsk 2 Vocaｂularｙ DevelopmｅｎtA.iｎother worｄsｅｎｆorced ｒegａｒdless oｆadｄreｓs inｖｏｌvedｂoｒdering on apｐlied to suggｅｓt ｃoｎvicｔions ａvａiｌableＢ. suｂsequeｎｔwｈoppiｎgｆaｔalｉties spoｒadicaｌlｙｐri ｏr tｏprodｔurｎｅd up whim ｎaｉl crａshTaｓk ３ TranslatiｏnＢ．在感恩节的周末，24小时内发生了２起车祸,撞死3人,使得过去２周里斯普林菲尔德城市道路上死亡人数上升到６人。