新视野英语4复习题PassagePassage 1Anna arrived far too early、Usually she left things to the last mute, but today was a very special occasion、It was almost as if by getting there an hour beforehand she hoped to cause the plane to arrive sooner、Thoughts raced through her mind、"Do I look all right? Wi11 he notice that I' m wearing a new trouser suit? Will he even recognize me?" After all, it was a year almost to the day since she had last seen Joe、She fished a mirror out of her handbag and inspected hex face、Too much make-up? Joe had never made any ment but she knew that he did not approve of heavy make-up--" gilding the lily", he called it、It was funny how much importance she attached to making a good impression on him、After all, friends do not judge each other by appearance、All the same, it was the first meeting after a long separation, and she wanted everything to go off right、Looking out of the window, Joe caught a first glimpse, through a break in the clouds, of the town far below、This was his third visit, and looked like being an annual event、Certainly it was very flattering that they had invited him to be the guest lecturer at their Autumn Congress yet again、The Chairman of the Organizing mittee, as a matter of courtesy, had offered to meet him at the airport, as he had done on previous occasions、This time, however, it was not necessary, partly because Joe was quite familiar with the city, but mainly because Anna had said that she could take the afternoon off in order to e and meet him、1、Anna looked in her mirror because __________、A) she wanted to check that her make-up was alrightB) in case she had too much make-up onC) she knew that Joe disapproved of heavy make-upD) she wanted to make a good impression on Joe2、Anna thought that Joe might not recognize her becauseA) she was wearing a new suit、B) he had not seen her for about a year、C) He might expect someone else to meet him、D) She had changed a lot in the past year、3、When did Anna get to the airport?A) About an hour earlier、B) Just before the plane was due to land、C) At the last possible minute、D) Shortly after the plane had arrived、4、How many times had Joe been to this town?A) Several times before、B) Three times before、C) Twice before、D) Four times before、5、Joe did not want the Chairman to meet him because ________、A) the Chairman was not willing to meet himB) he was not sure which day he would travelC) he could not find his own way to the city centerD) he thought that Anna would be there to meet himPassage 2One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one's mistakes、It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like "I was wrong about that," and it is even harder to say, "I was wrong, and you were right about that、"I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago、He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store in the neighborhood where I grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons、Then he related an incident and I began to remember vaguely the incident he was describing、I was about eight years old at the time, and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly grocery shopping、On that particular day, I must have found my way to the dairy food department where the incident took place、There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs in dozen and half-dozen cartons、The cartons were stacked three or four feet high、I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks、Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons、For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the display back together, so I went to work、The manager heard the noise and came rushing over to see what had happened、When he appeared, I was on my knees inspecting some of the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as though I was the culprit、He severely reprimanded me and wanted me to pay for any broken egg、I protested my innocence and tried to explain, but it did no good、Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently the manager did not、1、How old was the author when he wrote this article?A) About 8、C) About 15、B) About 23、D) About 25,2、Who should be to blame for knocking off the stacks of cartons of eggs?A) The manager、B) The writer、C) A woman、D) The writer' s mother、3、Which of the following statements is NOT true?A) It was the author who put the display back together、B) A woman carelessly knocked off the stacks of cartons、C) The writer was severely reprimanded by the manager、D) The woman who knocked off the stacks of cartons was severely reprimanded by the manager、4、What is the best title for the passage?A) An Incident That I Remember、B) I Used to Be the Culprit、C) It's Hard to Admit One's Mistakes、D) A Case of Mistaken Identity、5、The tone of the article expresses the author'sA) admiration for the manager' s willingness to admit the mistakes he madeB) regret for the mistake he made in the grocery storeC) indignation against the woman who knocked off the stacks of cartons of eggsD) anger to the manager for his wrong chargePassage 3As we know, it is very important that a firm should pay attention to the training of its staff as there exist many weak parts in its various department、Staff training must have a purpose, which is defined when a firm considers its training needs, which are in turn based on job descriptions and job specifications、A job description should give details of the performance that is required for a particular job, and a job specification should give information about the behavior, knowledge and skills that are expected of an employee who works in it、When all of this has been collected, it is possible to make a training specification、This specifies what the training Department must teach for the successful performance of the job, and also the best methods to use in the training period、There are many different training methods, and there are advantages and disadvantages of all of them、Successful training programmes depend on an understanding of the difference between learning about skills and training in using them、It is frequently said that learning about skills takes place "off the job" in the classroom, but training in using these skills takes place "on the job", by means of such activities as practice in the workshop、It is always difficult to evaluate the costs and savings of a training programme、The success of such a programmes depends not only on the methods used but also on the quality of the staff who do the training、A pany can often check on savings in time and cost by examining the work performed by the workers and technicians who have pleted a training programme、The evaluation of management training is much more plex than that、1、To be successful in our training programmes, one must understand the difference betweenA) the savings in time and cost_________、B) learning about the skill、and training in using themC) what is taught and how it is taughtD) a job description and a job specification2、The success of a training programme depends on__________、A) the place where the training takes placeB) the proper evaluation of the costs and savings of the programmeC) the performance of the workers and technicians trained in the programmeD) the training methods and the quality of the training staff3、A training specification attaches great importance to__________、A) the performance required for a certain jobB) the behavior, knowledge and skills expected of an employeeC) the training contents and methodsD) the costs and savings of the programme4、According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A) As there exist weak parts in different departments of a finn, the training of its staff is highly necessary、B) A training specification is based on the information collected from a job description and a job specification、C) Learning about skills and training in using skills usually don't take place at the same place、D) It is easier to evaluate management training than to evaluate the training of workers and technicians、5、The best title for the passage might be__________、A) The Importance of Staff Training、B) Staff Training ProgrammeC) How to Describe and Specify a Job D) A Successful Training ProgrammePassage 4Washington Irving was America's first man of letters to be known internationally、His works were received enthusiastically both in England and in the United States、He was, in fact, one of the most successful writers of the time in either country, delighting a large general public and at the same time winning the admiration of fellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the United States、The respect in which he was held partly owing to the man himself, with his warm friendliness, his good sense, his urbanity, his gay spirits, his artistic integrity, his love of both the Old World and the New、Thackeray described Irving as a "gentleman, who, though himself born in no very high sphere, was most finished, polished, witty, socially the equal of the most refined Europeans、" In England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford--an unusual honor for a citizen of a young, uncultured nation--and he received the Royal Society of Literature; America made him ambassador to Spain、Irving's background provides little to explain his literary achievements、A gifted but delicate child, he had little schooling, He studied law, but without zeal, and never did practice seriously、He was immune to his strict Presbyterian home environment, frequenting both social gatherings and the theater、1、The main point of the first paragraph is that Washington Irving was ___________、A) a man whose personal charm enabled him to sell basically inferior workB) a man who was able to move from literature to politicsC) a writer who had great success both in his own country and abroadD) America' s first man of letters2、What is implied by the ment about Scott, Poe and Hawthorne?A) More Americans than Britons admired Irving、B) Irving' s work was not only popular, but also of high literary quality、C) Scott, Poe, and Hawthorne were primarily responsible for Irving's success、D) Irving enjoyed great popular admiration、3、Thackeray considered IrvingA) the most refined European of his timeB) one of the most refined EuropeansC) refined, like most EuropeansD) not inferior to Europeans of the highest refinement4、Which of the following best describe~ the effect of Irving's personal qualities on his literary success?A) His personal qualities were entirely responsible for his literary success、B) His personal qualities were primarily responsible for his literary success、C) His personal qualities had some influence on his literary success、D) His personal qualities had no influence on his literary success、5、Which of the following best describes the effect of Irving's Presbyterian background on his life?A) It fostered his love for the theater、B) It developed his skills in business transaction、C) It promoted his interest in law、D) It had almost no effect on his life、Passage 5When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer' s claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty (保单), or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase、In most cases, this action will produce results、However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction、A simple and mon method used by many consumers is to plain directly to the store manager、In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her plaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled、In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer' s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim、Consumers should plain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the plaint in a letter、plaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firefly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question、If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements、For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound ing out of the right one is unclear" is better than" This stereo (立体声音响) does not work"、The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer、If so, the consumer should do this, stating the plaint as politely and as firefly as possible、But if a polite plaint dogs not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further、She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers' rights、1、When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he or she should do is to ___________、A) plain in person to the mangerB) threaten to take the matter to courtC) write a firm letter of plaint to the store of purchaseD) show some written proof of the purchase to the store2、If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his or her problem, it is better to plain to __________、A)a public organization B)a shop assistantC) a store manager D) the manufacturer3、The most effective plaint can be made by __________、A) asking politely to change the itemB) saying firefly that the item is of poor qualityC) explaining exactly what is wrong with the itemD) showing the faulty item to the manufacturer4、The phrase "live up to" (Line 2, Para、1) in the context means"__________"、A) realize the purpose of B) keep the promise ofC) meet the standard of D) fulfill the demands of5、The passage tells us ____________、A) how to deal with plaints from customersB) how to avoid buying a faulty itemC) how to make an effective plaint about a faulty itemD) how, to settle a consumer's plaint about a faulty itemPassage 6When you turn on the radio, you hear an advertisement、When you watch television, you hear and see an advertisement、If you turn the pages of a newspaper or magazine, again you find an advertisement、If you walk down the street, you see one advertising board after another、All day, every day, people who want to sell you something pete to catch your attention、As a result, advertisements are almost everywhere、In the West, advertisements are the fuel that makes mass media work、Many TV stations, newspapers, magazines, and radio stations are privately owned、The government does not give them money、So where does the money e from? It es from advertisement、Without advertisements, there would not be these private businesses、Have you ever asked yourself what advertising is? Through the years, people have given different answers to the question、For some time it was felt that advertising was a means of "keeping your name before the public"、And some people thought that advertising was "troth well told"、Now more and more people tend to define it in this way: Advertising is the paid, non-personal, and usually persuasive presentation of goods, services and ideas by identified sponsors through various media、First, advertising is usually paid for、Various sponsors pay for the ads we see, read, and hear over the various media、Second, advertising is non-personal、It is not face-to-face munication、Although you may feel that a message in a certain advertisement is aimed directly at you, in reality, it is directed at large groups of people、Third, advertising is usually persuasive、Directly or indirectly it urges people to do something、All advertisements try to convince people that the product, idea, or service advertised can benefit them、Forth, the sponsor of the advertisement must be identified、From the advertisement, we can see if the sponsor is a corporation, or a mittee, or an individual、Fifth, advertising reaches us through traditional and nontraditional mass media、Included in the traditional media are newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and films、Nontraditional media include the mail, matchbox covers, and billboards、1、The existence of the privately owned mass media depends financially on __________、A) the government B) their owner' s familiesC) advertisements D) the audience2、The passage seems to say that different definitions of advertising are given due to _______、A) the change of time B)the subject of the advertisementsC) the people' s age difference D) the people' s different perspective3、According to the passage, who are most probably paying for the advertisements?A) Corporations、B) mittees、C) Individuals、D) All of the above、4、Which of the following is considered nontraditional mass media?A) Newspapers、B) The mail、C) Magazines、D) Films、5、According to the passage, which of the following statements about the features of advertisements is NOT true?A) Advertising must be honest and amusing、B) Advertising is meant for large groups of people、C) Advertising urges people to do something directly or indirectly、D) The sponsors are always mentioned in the advertisement、Passage 7The key transportation technology for the opening years of the 21st century will be telemunications、What does telemunications have to do with international transportation? The obvious linkage is helping ships and aircraft navigate more efficiently, cutting time and operating expenses、This means lower costs of imported goods and cheaper travel for business and pleasure、A less obvious connection is the ability of a clothing manufacturer, for instance, to know the exact location anywhere in the world of materials and finished goods so that inventories (细账) -- and the associated transport, storage, and handling costs——are reduced sharply、The explosive aspect of the telemunications/transportation revolution is ing in traditional service industries and functions: technical services, data entry, financial management, software programming, etc、Consider Fidelity Investments of Boston, whose British subsidiary (子公司) sells shares in German panies to German investors by telephone from London、Cheap telemunications provide the global transportation "highway" for the work that is performed by Fidelity's customer representatives, Irish call center technicians, Indian software engineers, and Jamaican data entry clerks、These white-collar activities, many of them paying well above average wages, are being steadily more important in all economies、Moreover, they now are "contestable" by any country in the world that has a decent telemunications system and an appropriately skilled labor force、What this means is that the last major barrier to international trade ——distance——is being eliminated for an increasing portion of the global economy、Transportation costs no longer will protect inefficient producers、Buyers of goods and services——software, document processing, accounting, tax advice, anything that can be digitized and transported electronically——will have access to suppliers all over the world、1、In the early years of the 21st century, transportation will especially benefit from ________、A、cheap telemunicationsB、development of shipping and international air transportC、international tradeD、skilled labor force2、The example of Fidelity Investments of Boston shows that ___________、A、shares can be bought and sold by telephoneB、white-collar workers' wage is more than the average wageC、distance as the last barrier to international trade is being eliminatedD、white-collar activities are facing the challenges from all over the world3、In Para、4, "Transportation costs no longer will protect inefficient producers" probably means that _________、A、transportation costs will protect efficient producersB、buyers will no longer turn to inefficient producers for the sake of lower transportation costsC、inefficient producers will no longer take transportation costs into considerationD、some producers are inefficient because the transportation costs of their goods are high4、It can be inferred from the passage that _____________、A、the price of imported goods will be lower than beforeB、white-collar workers are being replaced by putersC、clothing manufacturers will earn less moneyD、global telemunications will result in the plete disappearance of distance5、The passage is mainly about ___________、A、the development of transportation technologyB、the connection between international transportation and telemunicationsC、the advances of traditional service industriesD、the influence of telemunications on international tradePassage 8Regular, moderate alcohol intake——one or two drinks a day ——appears to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease (早老性痴呆症), according to investigators from the study、The team's findings were presented at the World Alzheimer Congress 2000 meeting here、Dr、Lindsay A、Farrer of Boston University presented the findings at the Alzheime meeting、In an interview with Reuters Health, Farrer said, "Men and women who drink one or two drinks a day had a significantly lower risk of Alzheimer's disease pared to nondrinkers、" The investigators reported that pared with nondrinkers, persons drinking more than one to two drinks a day had about 30% lower risk, while those who drank less than one or two drinks a day had about 50% lower risk、"From a public health standpoint, it would be premature (不成熟得) to remend a drink or two as a preventive measure until we see more results," Farrer said、He noted that the USDA (美国农业部) guidelines currently remend one or two drinks a day, if there are no contraindications(禁忌)、"This is a modest level of consumption and in terms of heart disease, this consumption has been associated with a beneficial effect、"The investigators conclude that more studies are needed "to more precisely define the minimal (最小得) level and durationof exposure (to alcohol) necessary to realize a benefit、" The study findings about smoking and Alzheimer risk are less clear、"There is no protective effect of smoking for men, but for women who are not carriers of (the gene) APOE 4, there was a trend toward a protective effect," the researchers report, "While among women who are carriers, smoking appears to increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease、"1、Which is TRUE about the findings of Dr、Lindsay A、Farrer?A、People drinking more than one to two drinks a day had about a 20% higher risk of Alzheimer's disease than those whodrank less than one or two drinks a day、B、People drinking more than one to two drinks a day had about a 20% lower risk than those who drank less than one or twodrinks a day、C、People drinking more than one to two drinks a day had about a 30% higher risk thanthose who drank less than one or two drinks a day、D、Nondrinkers had about a 30% lower risk than those drinking more than one to twodrinks a day、2、Why would it be premature to remend a drink or two to the public?A、Because the investigators cannot get the support from the USDA guidelines、B、Because the investigators lack adequate evidence to prove the effect of moderatedrinking、C、Because it is extremely dangerous for some people to do so、、D、Because there is no clear evidence which shows the protective effect、3、According to the passage, moderate drinking _____________、A、can stop heart problemsB、may be good for one's healthC、is widely remended by doctorsD、can solve all the health problems of man4、The study of the connection between smoking and Alzheimer risk demonstrates that_________、A、smoking can reduce Alzheimer risk as much as moderate drinkingB、men who smoke are more likely to have Alzheimer's disease than those who don'tC、smoking has no obviously positive effect on Alzheimer's diseaseD、for women who are carriers of APOE 4, smoking will surely reduce Alzheimer risk5、The main theme of the passage is ________、A、the change in recent drinking habitsB、the World Alzheimer Congress 2000 meetingC、the possible cure for Alzheimer's diseaseD、the connection between alcohol and Alzheimer's diseasePassage 9The economic effects of the terrorist attacks in the United States are spreading across the country and the world、The attacks in New York City and Washington D、C、have hurt many businesses, especially the airline industry and financial markets、Many panies have been forced to dismiss thousands of workers、Many individual states are concerned about their economic future、Since the attacks on September 1lth, the stock market suffered major losses、The Dow Jones Industrial Average lost seven percent of its value、The other major measures of the value of American stocks fell to their lowest levels in three years、Some economic experts say the drop in the value of stocks could directly affect long- term spending、They say it may cause people to lose trust in the economy and spend less money、Businesses across the country already have reported decreases in sales、Experts note that the American economy was close to a recession even before the attacks、The airline industry was probably hardest hit by the attacks、The nation's skies were temporarily closed to all air travel、Travelers remain frightened and are avoiding flying、High fuel and labour costs are making the situation worse、The airlines are losing hundreds of millions of dollars each day、There are also concerns about the economic effects of any military action、This could raise the price of oil、Production could be reduced if a large number of part time troops are called to active duty、Trade could be restricted、On Monday, the United States Federal Reserve lowered interest rates、The action was designed to support the economy by making it easier for people and businesses to borrow money、The European Central Bank took similar action、The Bush Administration and Congress are considering several tax and spending proposals、President Bush has already signed into law a forty-thousand-million dollar emergency spending plan、1、The title that can best express the main idea of the passage is __________、A、Terrorist AttacksB、Economic Effects of Terrorist AttacksC、The Attacks in Big CitiesD、Economic Recession in America2、The Dow Jones, according to the passage, ____________、A、fell to the lowest levelsB、spent less money than beforeC、suffered major lossesD、was forced to dismiss many workers3、Which of the following statement is NOT correct?A、The financial market in America was harmed seriously、B、The American economy was close to depression right after the terrorist attacks、C、The airlines are making less money、D、Many panies are cutting jobs、4、In the passage the author implies that __________、A、all the travelers don't want to fly any moreB、the federal government refused to help the airline industryC、the American government will probably take military actionD、airline officials are confident in the American economy5、It can be inferred that the European Central Bank ________、A、lowered interest rates to support the economyB、took similar action as the Bush AdministrationC、signed an emergency planD、made it easy to borrow money from itselfPassage 10Choosing the right school for your child may be one of the most important choices you will ever make for his or her future、It's surprising that so few tools are available to help make such a decision、I have a fairly simple method called "the Embodiment (具体化) Test", which directs that you should choose the school which best "embodies" those character traits you want your children to develop、How should a parent apply them to evaluating a school? First, decide what kind of character traits you want your children to develop、Then, look to see how different schools actually "embody" these traits ——how they manifest in the actual behavior of teachers, administrators, students and parents、Observe the teachers for more than just a few minutes、Spend a few hours、Do they embody the kind of character you want your child to be tutored in? Do they honor the individuality of each child? Are they truly passionate about teaching? Talk with parents who have children at the school、Why did they choose the school? And, of course, observe the students、Are they happy on the playground? Do they show confidence in expressing their individuality? Do they exhibit petence in the classroom?These are the true tests of a school: does it help you deliver the kind of "whole" child you've intended to raise? And it is only a "whole" child that is happy, successful, and fulfilled、Of course, information, knowledge and intellect are crucial in today's hyper-petitive world、No sane (理智得) parent or teacher would overlook them、But they are actually the easiest things to teach and measure、It is the deeper elements of character ——and how they relate to information, knowledge and intellect- that are more elusive (难把握得), harder to cultivate、It is these ponents of a good education that will stand the test of time、These will enable your child to adapt to the tumultuous (骚动得), frenetically (发狂地) changing world that we live in、These are the foundations of tree happiness, of tree attainments (成就), of true meanings for a life lived well、1、The author of the passage is most likely a _________、A、parentB、school teacherC、journalistD、friend of a parent2、It can be inferred that the most important factor in determining the ultimate success ofa child is _________、A、knowledgeB、intellectC、informationD、character3、Which of the following is NOT a step in testing a school?A、Discuss with the parents whose children are at the potential school、B、Watch the students carefully to have a better understanding of their life at the school、C、Interview some teachers, administrators and students、D、Observe the teachers to get more information needed、4、A "whole" child should have the following qualities EXCEPT__________、A、passionB、intelligenceC、individualityD、petence5、Which of the following is the reason why you conduct "the Embodiment Test"?A、It is crucial in today's hyper-petitive world、B、It will enable a child to adapt to the changing world that we live in、。