英皇乐理1-5级演奏指示Performance-Directions（一）演奏术语accelerando/accel. AdagioAllegrettoallegroandantecantabile crescendo/cresc.da capo/D.C.dal segno/D.S. decrescendo/decresc. dimimmndo/dim. fine( =forte )(=fortissimo) legatolentomezzo(=mezzo forte )( =mezzo piano ) moderatop(=piano)pp(=pianissimo) pocorallentando/rall. ritardando/ritard./rit. gradually getting quickerslow(at ease )fairly quick( but not as quick as allegro )quick( cheerful )at a walking pacein a singing stylegradually getting louderrepeat from the beginningrepeat from the signbecoming gradually softerbecoming gradually softerthe endloudvery loudsmoothlyslowhalf( moderately )moderately loudmoderately quietmoderately( allegro moderato ; moderately quick )quietvery quieta little , slightlygradually getting slowergradually getting slower逐渐加快慢(舒适)稍快(但不及allegro快)快(欢乐)，快板如行走般的速度如歌唱似的风格渐强从头再奏回到记号“”处再奏渐弱渐弱结束处强，响亮很强圆滑地慢一半(适中)中强中弱中速( allegro moderato:适中的快板)弱很弱少许，稍渐慢渐慢演奏指示Performance 一级：ritenuto/riten. staccato/state. tempo（二）演奏符号held back ( immediately slowing down )detachedspeed，time( a tempo : in time )gradually getting louder(=crescendo)gradually getting quieter(=diminuendo/decrescendo)detached(=staccato )accentpause on the note (or rest)( =fermata )repeat marks: at the second sign，repeat the music from the first sign(ifthe first sign is left out, repeat fromthebeginning )tie: a curved line joining two notes ofthe same pitch into a single sustainedsoundslur: perform the notes smoothly( a curved line over or under two ormore different notes )突然慢(立即放慢)断音，断奏速度，时间(a tempo:回复到原来的速度)渐强(=crescendo)渐弱（=diminuendo/decrescendo)断音，断奏(=staccato )重音延长号。
将音符(或休止符)的时值延长(=fermata )反复记号。
在第二个记号处，音乐从第一个记号处开始重复(如乐曲没有第一个记号，音乐是从乐曲的开始处重复)连线:将两个有相同音高的音连结成一个音的弧线连线:圆滑地演奏各音(置于两个或一组音符的上方或下方的弧线)octave ( =ottava )perform an octave higher( written over a note or notes )perform an octave lower( written under a note or notes)76 crotchet beats in a minute( M.M.is short for Maelzel' s Metronome ) 八度(=ottava)升高一个八度演奏(写在一个或多个音符的上方)降低一个八度演奏(写在一个或多个音符的下方)每分钟奏76个四分音符(M.M.是Maelzel’s Metronome (拍节机)的简称（一）演奏术语aal, allaallargando andantinoassaicon , coldolcee,edespressivo (espress./espr.)(=fortepiano) giocosogravegrazioso larghettolargomamaestosomenomoltomosso in the style of, for, at, with,ina cappella: in the style of chapela due : for two performersa piacere : at pleasurea puma d' arco : with the point of thebowa tempo ; in timein the manner of, to the( alla marcia : in the style of a march )broadening(getting slower and louder)slightly faster than andantevery(allegro assai : very quick )withsoft, sweetandexpressivefirst loudly, then immediately softplayful , merrysolemn,very slowgracefulquite slow(but not as slow as largo)slow, statelybutmajesticlessmuch , verymoved( meno mosso : less moved )以……风格、由、按照、用、按a cappella:以(无伴奏的)教堂风格演奏a due:由两位表演者演奏(唱)a piacere:按照表演者的与之所至地处理a puma d'arco:用弓尖演奏a tempo:按原来的速度以……风格，至( alla marcia:进行曲风格)宽广的(渐慢及渐强)比行板(andante )稍快非常，很(allegro assai:很快)用，含有温柔地，甜蜜地和，以及有表情地先强然后立即转弱嬉戏的，快乐的严肃的，极缓慢的优雅的颇慢的，(但比广板largo稍快)慢的，庄严的但是华贵的，堂皇的二级：少些十分，很活动的( meno mosso:稍慢)motononprestosenza(=sforzando/sforzato ) simile/sim.sostenutotenutotroppovivace , vwo（二）演奏符号movement( con moto : with movement )notmore(faster than allegro)withoutaccented,forcedin the same waysustainedheldtoo much( non troppo : not too much )lively , quickthe note should be held for its fulltime-value ,and generally slightlydetached(=tenuto)the note should be played as short aspossibleand perhaps accented too( =staccatissimo)accentedstronger accent(usually strongerthan> )the notes should be slightlyseparated(=mezzo-staccato/semi-staccato )活动( con moto:稍快)不是更多地快(比快板allegro更快)没有，去除重音，加强地( =sforzando/sforzato )如前的方式演奏持续的保持(要奏足该音的时值)太多( non troppo:不太多)有生气的，轻快的要奏足该音符的时值，各音之间稍间歇(=tenuto)短断音，发音比一般断音更短促，有时还有重音的意思( =staccatissimo)重音强重音(力度通常比>更强)半断音，即音符需要略微断开(=mezzo-staccato/semi-sta ccato)演奏术语adagiettoad libitum,ad lib. agitatoalla breve.amoreanimaanimatobenbriocomododecisodelicatoenergicoforzalargamente leggieromarcato . marc..marzialemestopesanteprima, primorisolutoritmicorubato ,tempo rubatorather slow(but faster than adagio)optional or at willagitatedwith each beat as a minim( orinstead of )love ( amoroso : loving )soul, spirit(con anima: with feeling/spirited )animated , lively( animando : becomingmore lively )wellvigour(con brio : with vigour, lively )convenient(tempo comodo:at a tom-fortable speed )with determinationdelicateenergeticforcebroadlylightmarked,accentedmartial , war-likesadheavyfirstbold, strongrhythmicallywith some freedom of time稍慢(但比adagio略快)随意处理激动地以二分音符作为一拍(以或代替 )爱情(amoroso:富于爱意地)心灵、精神(con anima:有感情地/生气勃勃地)活泼地(animando:更加活泼地)很好活力(con brio:有活力地)舒适的(tempo comodo:舒适的速度)决断、有决心地优美的、精致的富于精力的力量广阔地三级：轻、轻巧的强调、有力地勇敢的、尚武的忧伤的强力的第一勇敢、刚强的富于节奏感地自由的速度scherzando,scherzoso seconda,secondo semplicesemprestringendflsubitotantotranquillotriste ,tristamente volta playful,jokingsecondsimple , plainalwaysgradually getting fastersuddenlyso muchcalmsad , sorrowfultime(prama volta:first time;seconda volta: second time)幽默、诙谐的第二简单、朴素的持续地逐渐加快速度突然地许多、太多平静的忧伤、悲痛的次、遍(prima volta:第一次;seconda volta:第二次)con sordini,con sord.senza sordini ，senza sord.arcopizzicato, pizz. sul Gsul ponticellouna corda ( u.c.)tre corde(t.c.)manomano destra(m.d.) mano sinistra ( m.s.)affettuosoaffrettandowith mutes without mutesplay with the bow(a directionafter pizzicato ) down bow up bowa slur over or under two or more notes meaning that they are to be played with one stroke of the bow pluckedon the G string near the bridge( literally : one string )press the left ( soft ) pedal( literally : three strings )release the left( soft )pedalpress...release the right ( sustaining ) pedal hand right hand left handspread the notes of a chord quickly, starting from the bottom noteaffectionate,with tenderness hurrying加上弱音器 除去弱音器用弓拉奏(在pizzicat 。