经过两年半的审讯，法庭判决25名日 本国家领导人死刑或监禁。这是因为 他们阴谋发动侵略战争，并对常规的 战争罪行―即他们部属的累累罪行― 承担责任。法庭审判之公正，甚至连 日本本国报界也予以赞扬。
例1. Having just left school or technical institute, where they had their place and a task to fulfill and where they were known and esteemed by their colleagues, those young people who do not land that first job they were so eagerly looking forward to have to face up for the first time to unemployment, a situation for which neither family nor school has prepared them.
5.1 顺序法 有些英文长句的叙述层次与汉语比较 一致，基本上可按照原文顺序译出，为了 使前后语气衔接，可增加必要的词语。
例1. When our ship cleared harbor, taking my family and
me on the fi to the United States, I watched the receding coastline of Japan with mingled relief and regret: relief from the oppressive feeling that I was being watched; regret that the book I envisaged writing would not make me welcome again in the land of my birth.
与此同时，报纸专栏作家小科尼厄斯. 范德比尔呈交罗斯福的报告令人不安。 这位作者过去曾向罗斯福提供过一些 准确的调查材料。这次报告是他跋涉 两千英里，走遍南部和中西部八个州 之后完成的。
例3. After that two-and-a half-year’s trial, which was commended for its fairness even by the Japanese vernacular press, the Tribunal sentenced twenty-five Japanese leaders o death or imprisonment for having conspired to wage aggressive war and for being responsible for the conventional war crimes―the atrocities―which had been committed by their subordinate.
我认为一个没受教育的人，他的心灵就 如采石场里的大理石。只有经过能工巧 匠的加工，研磨出斑斓的色彩，光洁的 面层，使之显露出悦目的云纹和彩点， 以及贯穿通体的石理，才能展现其天生 丽质。
5.3 分句法 当长句中的并列成分较多，或主句与 从句、短语与其所修饰的词之间关系 不很紧密，各具有相对的独立性时， 可按汉语中多用短句的习惯，把分句 分割成若干短句译出。为了使句之间 相互衔接，可以适当地增减词语。在 短句的处理上，有时也需改变顺序。
就氧气而言，我们遇到了一个不同的问题。 因为尽管化学研究人员和化学成品制造商都 知道元素O指的是氧，但在实际中他们关于氧 的概念是不同的。因此，如果研究人员用制 造商生产的氧来做精确度很高的实验，这实 验很有可能会失败。因为这种所谓的氧不论 是用作固态，液态还是气态，几乎肯定含有 其他物质。
5.2变序法 英语长句的表达顺序往往与汉语表达顺序大 相径庭，英语中最重要的信息常常出现在句 首，然后再交代条件，原因等；而汉语往往 先将背景情况铺陈开来，说明条件、原因等 信息，然后再说出结果等最重要的或最新的 信息；有时按照逻辑关系或时间的先后安排 语序。因此汉译时需要按汉语的表达习惯调 整顺序，全部或部分倒译。
民主国家结成同盟，不惜牺牲大量人力物力向 一个专制政府开战，而最终却把这个政府的独 裁者留臵于领袖地位，这看起来十分奇怪。
例2. Solutions of the problem of old age have to be considered against a historical background of slow but substantial changes in Chinese family structure, caused by rising living standards and family planning.
当轮船离开港口，带着我们一家人驶向 返回美国的第一段航程时，我怀着既宽慰又 怅然的心情凝视着从视野中慢慢消失的日本 海岸——因为从被人监视的气氛中解脱出来 而感到宽慰；又因为我即将动笔的书稿将使 我在我的出生地成为不受欢迎的人而惆怅。
例2. In oxygen we have a different problem, for although both a research chemist and a chemical manufacturer know the element O means oxygen, in practice they have different ideas about it. Thus, if the researcher performed a delicate experiment, using the manufacture’s oxygen, it might easily be a failure since the so-called O, whether used us a solid, liquid or gas, would almost certainly contain other substances.
青年人在学校或技术学院都各得其所， 各有自己需要完成的任务，受到同学的 了解和尊重。而现在，他们刚刚离校， 却找不到自己孜孜以求的第一个职业， 不得不面对有生以来的第一次失业。对 于这种情况，无论是家庭还是学校都没 有帮助他们做好准备。
例2. At the same time, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Jr., a newspaper columnist who provided Roosevelt with accurate surveys in the past, sent him disturbing reports based on 2000 miles of travel through eight southern and Midwestern states.
我开诚布公地向美国人民声明：如果我 们竭尽全力去支援那些抵御轴心国进攻、 保卫自己的国家； 而不是默认他们的失 败，驯服地屈从于轴心国的胜利，并坐 待我们自己成为今后另一次战争的攻击 目标。那么美国卷入战争的可能性就会 小得多。
例4. I consider a human soul without education, like marble in the quarry, which shows none of its inherent beauties, until the skill of the polisher fetches out the colors, makes the surface shine, and discovers every ornamental cloud, spot and vein that runs through the body.
由于人民生活水平的不断提高以及计划生 育的实行，中国的家庭结构发生着缓慢却 又实质性的变化，必须针对这一历史背景 考虑老龄化的问题。
例3. I make the direct statement to the American people that there is a far less chance of the United States getting into war, if we do all we can now to support the nations defending them against attack by the Axis than if we acquiesce in their defeat, submit, tamely to an Axis victory, and wait our turn to be the object of attack in another war later on.
第三单元 长句的译法
由于英语句子中短语多，从句多， 在句法结构上可以层层修饰，句中套 句，再加上插入语、补加成分、同位 语或独立成分等，可以形成复杂的长 句。翻译长句时，必须首先分析各部 分之间的语法关系及逻辑关系，弄清 整个句子的中心内容及各层意思，然 后根据汉语的特点、习惯和表达方式， 正确地翻译出原文的意思。
例1. It may seem rather quaint for an alliance of democratic governments to wage war upon an autocratic government at great expense in life and material, and then leave the chief autocrat of that government in a position of leadership.