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Vowel shape and vowel position
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English vowel sounds
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IV. English Intonation
Major intonational concepts 1. Syllable 2. Stress 3. Intonation
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1. Syllable
A syllable must have a nucleus/peak, which is usually the task of a vowel. Exceptions are some consonants [l, m, n] as in “table, bottom, cotton”.
Syllable Structure
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Pharyngeal Cavity
Pharyngeal cavity
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Position of the vocal folds: VOICELESS When the vocal folds are apart, the air
can pass through easily without vibration and the sound produced is voiceless.
solidity analysis vs. analytic 6. The day is beautiful, isn’t it?
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Question: The English suffix -er can be added to some place names but not to some other place names.
Question: Do one-syllable words have stress? Why or why not?
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The rule of stress: Stress in words
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The rule of stress: Stress in words
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Verb vs. Noun
Questions:
1. What is the difference between vowels/consonants and voiced sounds/voiceless sounds?
2. Do they have any overlapping?
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English Consonants
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The Syllabic Structure
An open syllable or a closed syllable? 17
Maximal Onset Principle (MOP)
MOP: When there is a choice as to
where to place a consonant, it is put into the onset rather than the coda.
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Oral & Nasal Cavities
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III. English Pronunciation
English sounds
Consonants 24/28
Vowels 12+8
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Description of Consonants
Vowels vs. consonants:
Obstruction of air stream
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I. Introduction
1. cat vs. cut; leave, let vs. feel, school 2. top tea, sit still, lag behind 3. stop Peter, take Kim, big grapes 4. beam, boom, soon, moon 5. compete vs. competition; solid vs.
E.g. telling, respect, inorganic E.g. conservative, mosquito E.g. meaning vs. singing
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2. Stress
Stress refers to the degree of force used in producing a syllable. stressed syllables unstressed syllables
Verb conVICT inSULT proDUCE reBEL
Noun CONvict INsult PROduce REbel
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Compound vs. Phrase
Compound
Phrase
BLACKboard
black BOARD
HOTdog
hot DOG
GREENhouse
Foundation of English Pronunciation and Intonation
Outline
I. Introduction II. Speech Organs III. English Pronunciation IV. English Intonation V. Rhythmic Skills VI. Summary
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Position of the vocal folds: VOICED When vocal folds are drawn together,
the airstream causes them to vibrate against each other and the sound produced is voiced.
Column A
Londoner New Yorker Newfoundlander Long Islander
Column B
*Torontoer *Denverer *Philadephiaer *San Franciscoer
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II. Speech Organs
Three cavities: Pharyngeal cavity Oral cavity Nasal cavity
green HOUSE
23ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
3. Intonation
Types of intonation in English