To understand the aim ofCharles Dickens’s work, and his unique writing style, we should focus on thetypical literary images,social backgroundin the novel. Moreover, on thebasisofCharles Dickens’s personalexperiences, also in this article the author, from its narrative perspective and writing feature, exploresthe novel, and presents the writer’s writing aim perfectly. We can find the creative depth and critical tendency.
Key words:Charles Dickens；Critical Realism;Characterization;Typical Literary Image
Contents
2.2.1 Social Background…………………………………………………………………………………..4
2.2.2IdeologicalBackground…………………………………………………………………..…………6
Chapter 1Introduction
SinceOliver Twistwas published, critical realism has become a main stream in literary history. It reflects the people who liveat the bottomof society.These critical realistsof the mid-19thcentury were all honest people and real artists in spite of their limitations in their general point of view on life. By exposing the social injustice and the vices of the upper class, they put their hearts into depicting the miserable existence of the common people; they gavearuthful picture of capitalist England of the time. They followed the fine tradition of their great literary predecessors of 18thcentury realism and early 19th century romanticism. They showed their warm sympathy on those people who suffered a lot.The greatest of the critical realists was Charles Dickens. In his early years, hedid a lot ofwork, these experiencesgave him a good knowledge of the political life of England at that time and it had a far reaching effect upon his lifelong contempt for all the political institutions.
摘要
查尔斯·狄更斯(1812—1870)是19世纪英国最杰出的小说家。1832年开始从事文学创作，先后写了歌剧、笑剧、随笔、长篇小说和短篇小说，以长篇小说最为成功。《雾都孤儿》是查尔斯·狄更斯的代表作之一。小说描写了伦敦低层社会中贫苦儿童的悲惨生活,揭露了贫民救济所的黑暗。本文通过分析《雾都孤儿》中仁爱与暴虐在人物性格上的体现，把社会最黑暗、最丑恶的现象暴露出来。通过《雾都孤儿》创作的社会背景、意识形态背景以及小说中主要人物性格的分析，反映出狄更斯创作的深度和批判倾向。本文先回溯狄更斯《雾都孤儿》创作的相关社会背景以及当时文学创作中批判现实主义手法的发展， 进而深入探讨作者塑造的典型环境中的典型人物形象。研究者希望通过本文更好地了解狄更斯本人的价值观在人物形象塑造中所发挥的作用。
Oliver Twistwas one of Charles Dickens’s masterpieces, which has taken upan important positionin literature. He often creates withvery certain ideas about right and wrong. He was called the real great master, in that the figure in his novel is imbued with the unique feature ofcritical realism.
2.4Characterization……………………………………………………………………...…………………9
2.4.1 Oliver Twist……………………………………………………………………………………….10
2.4.2 ..................................................................................................................…...11
In 1836 he then decided to write his own stories under the name of Boz. They were called the "Pickwick Papers" which were like comics for adults. Charles would write the words and a man would draw pictures for them. They were published in cheap monthly instalments. For the first one they published only 400 copies but by the 4th they had to print40, 000! The main character Mr Pickwick served time in a debtor’s prison like Charles's Father. Within four months of publishing his first story Charles was internationally famous.After that, he created one after another works, for example, "Oliver Twist" (1838), "The Old Curiosity Shop" (1840- 1841), "Dombey and Son" (1846-1848), "David Copperfield" (1849), "Bleak House" (1852), " a Tale of Two Cities" (1854)and "Great Expectations" (1860).（Chang Yaoxin, A Survey of English Literature,p.230）More than 20 novels and many short stories, essays, features and travel notes. Dickens successfully created many distinctive characteristics, the image of a unique character. His socially realistic novel of critical significance is not only to the British literary world a new looks, but also to the development of world literature.
关键词：查尔斯·狄更斯；批判现实主义；人物性格；主要人物形象
Abstract
Charles Dickens（1812—1870）was a prominent novelist.He began to take to letters in 1832. He wrote so many works, such as drama, farce, essay, short and story, and the last one is the best accomplishment of his.Oliver Twist was one of his masterpieces, which has reflected the real and terrible life of London underworld. It has givenexpression to thebenevolence and despotic that lies in the novel, and exposes the darkest, filthiest phenomenon. Moreover, according to the social background, we can find the creative depth and critical tendency.By recallingthe developmentofsocial backgroundandcriticalrealism, and discussingmodelto which the writer gives, we can knowCharles Dickens’s value in his novel.