理 归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。 透过现象看本质，领悟作者思
判 想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态 断 度等。
以原文内容为前提，据作者的
型 观点理论（非考生观点），客观地对文 中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合 理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。
推理判断题（做题要领）
既要求学生透过文章表面 文字信息推测文章隐含意思， 又要求学生对作者的态度、 意图及文章细节的发展作正 确的推理判断，力求从作者 的角度去考虑，不要固守自 己的看法或观点。
appear?
阅读理解基础训练 Basic Training
---推理判断型
Passage4
The concept (n. 观念 ) of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. About 90 percent of all illnesses might be preventable if individual (n. 个人 ) made sound ( adj. 健康的 ) personal health choices based upon present (adj.现在的) medical knowledge.
推理判断型常见的命题方式有：
1. The passage implies (暗示) that_______. 2. We can conclude (得出结论) from the
passage that_____. 3. Which of the following can be inferred (推论)? 4. What is the tone (语气) of the author ? 5. What is the purpose (目的) of this passage? 6. The passage is intended to _____. 7. Where would this passage most probably
3）根据上下文判断新词 汇在特定句中确切意思。
阅读理解基础训练
Basic Training
---词义猜测型
Q: Which of the following is closest in meaning
to the underlined word “illiterate”
A. repeat C. uneducated
解释
【解析】答案为C。take sth. away
of sb.和 cast sb. sth. 的意思相似。
本段落以一、二句引出要表达的 主题，在主题句出现后，再举例子陈 述细节或继续论证。
寻找主题句往往是做好此类题的 关键。每段的主题句(常在首句、尾 句、首尾句、段落中和归纳分析)一 般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。
A. 55 B. 175 C. 325
D. 275
Q2) Which statement is TRUE according to
the chart above?
文章 解释
A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the
amount of calories that a baby does.
Question: Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph
A. GM is one of the largest car producers.
B. Ford operates not only in the U.S.A., but also in Asia.
how, who, what, which, etc.)___?
阅读理解基础训练
Basic Training
---事实细节型
Q1) ____ calories are required to raise the
temperature of 5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.
解 释 本题答案选C
这段文字中讲到加纳这个国家中 的大多数妇女，受过教育的
（educated）和没有受过教育的 （illiterate）；住在城市的 （urban）和住在农村的（rural）， 年轻的（young）和年长的（old） 正好是一对对反义词。因此选 C 项。
推 推理判断题：高考重头戏，20 个题中常有6-8个，着重考查学生
B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount
of calories that a boy aged 8 does.
C. An office worker requires the same amount of
calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.
B. reiterated D. sick 解 释
Passage3: Most women in Ghana ——
the educated and illiterate, the urban and
rural, the young and old work to earn an
income in addition to maintaining their
• 1 ﹑理解主旨和要义
• 2 ﹑理解文中的具体位置
• 3 ﹑根据上下文推断生词的词义
• 4 ﹑作出判断和推理
• 5 ﹑理解文章的基本结构
• 6 ﹑理解作者的意图﹑观点和态度
因此有关阅读理解题目主要 有以下几种:
命
主旨大意型
事实细节型
题
词义猜测 型
类
推理判 断型
Step Two: How to Dealing with the
在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特 定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：
1）Which of the following statement is true? 2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the
text? 3）The author ( or the passage) states that___. 4）According to the passage, when ( where, why,
D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount
of calories that an office worker does.
Passage2
The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃. The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows……第三节 练习题 解释
阅读理解基础训练
Basic Training
---主旨大意题
Passage 1
In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper foreign cars has not cast American autoworkers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asia, and General Motors is considered Australian’s biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable(不能满足的）society. 练习题 解释 细节题
言过其实或以偏概全。
主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:
1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 2)Which of the following can summarize the main idea of this text? 3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea? 4)Which is the subject discussed in the text? 6)What’s the best title for this passage?
Baby Child aged 8
CALORIES NEEDED PER DAY
750
Office worker
2,100
Woman feeding baby
2,700 2,700
Man over 70 Woman