SAP CO成本对象控制:按生产订单控制实战指南Guide(详见第三部分)目录1.SAP SPRO IMG配置 (4)1.1.定义MRP类型(主生产计划) (4)1.2.定义MRP控制者和为工厂分配MRP控制者 (5)1.3.维护物料主数据MRP信息 (6)1.4.定义能力类别 (7)1.5.定义能力计划员 (8)1.6.定义公式参数标准值:工序 (8)1.7.设置公式定义:工序 (10)1.8.定义参数标准值:工作中心 (11)1.9.定义标准值码:工作中心 (12)1.10.定义控制码:工艺路线 (14)1.11.定义工作中心前提配置 (15)1.11.1.创建作业类型(活动类型) (15)1.11.2.创建COPC专用的成本中心KS01 (16)1.11.3.维护成本中心和作业类型计划(计划数量)KP26 (17)1.11.4.维护成本中心和作业类型计划(价格)KP06 (18)1.11.5.计算计划价格KSPI (19)1.12.定义工作中心CR01 (21)1.12.1.基本数据 (21)1.12.2.缺省值设置 (22)1.12.3.成本核算信息 (23)1.13.定义工艺路线 (23)1.13.1.定义物料类型分配 (23)1.13.2.定义工艺路线CA01 (25)2.系统操作准备 (28)2.1.定义COPC物料类型:原材料、半成品、产成品 (28)2.1.1.定义原材料COPC类型ROH2 (28)2.1.2.定义半成品COPC类型HAL2 (28)2.1.3.定义产成品COPC类型FERT2 (29)2.2.为物料类型分配编号范围 (29)2.3.创建原材料物料 (30)2.4.创建半成品物料 (30)2.5.创建产成品物料 (31)2.6.输入物料类型ROH2的初始数量和价值 (31)2.6.1.创建原材料ROH2标准采购订单 (31)2.6.2.原材料ROH2标准采购订单收货入库 (32)2.6.3.原材料ROH2标准采购订单收货入库结果查询(数量) (33)2.6.4.原材料ROH2标准采购订单收货入库结果查询(价格) (34)2.7.创建半成品和产成品物料BOM清单CS01 (36)2.7.1.创建半成品物料类型HAL2 BOM清单 (36)2.7.2.创建产成品物料类型FRT2 BOM清单 (37)2.7.3.显示多级BOM信息CSMB (38)3.生产订单管理 (40)3.1.定义生产订单类型F021 (40)3.2.定义生产订单结算参数文件F021 (41)3.3.为生产订单类型分配编号范围 (42)3.4.为生产订单类型定义参数(分配工厂) (43)3.5.为工厂定义生产订单计划参数文件 (45)3.6.定义工厂生产订单调度员 (45)3.7.为生产订单定义计划参数 (46)3.8.维护生产订单类型与工厂控制信息(订单下达) (47)3.9.维护生产订单类型与工厂控制信息(报工确认) (47)3.10.创建生产订单CO01 (49)3.11.生产订单审批(下达) (50)3.12.为生产订单发送原材料MB1A (51)3.12.1.输入物料移动过账日期等参数信息,同时选择过账到“生产订单” (51)3.12.2.输入上述的生产订单编号 (51)3.12.3.订单会自动根据物料2000000001的BOM组件输入移动数量 (52)3.12.4.物料凭证 (52)3.12.5.会计凭证 (53)3.12.6.物料领料移动相关自动会计配置OBYC (53)3.12.7.查询生产订单成本明细项目 (53)3.13.确认作业类型实际价格 (54)3.13.1.过账实际人工费用和制造费用F-02 (54)3.13.2.查询成本中心过账报表(费用实际价值) (55)3.13.3.确认作业类型CR01和CR02实际记账数量KB21N/KB51N (56)3.13.4.查询成本中心过账报表(作业类型实际数量) (57)3.13.5.成本中心实际费用分割KSS2 (57)3.13.6.实际作业类型成本计算与分析KSII (59)3.13.7.查询作业类型实际价格KBK7 (60)3.14.为生产订单确认实际生产工时-报工CO11N/CO15 (61)3.15.作业价格重估MFN1 (62)3.16.半成品收货入库MB31 (62)3.16.1.输入按生产订单收货 (62)3.16.2.输入收货数量,并勾选“全部收货”标记 (63)3.16.3.点击“过账”,完成收货记账 (63)3.16.4.物料收货移动相关自动会计配置OBYC (63)3.16.5.查看生产订单成本明细CO03 (64)3.17.生产订单在制品分析 (64)3.17.1.定义在制品结账期间KKA0 (64)3.17.2.在制品成本处理KKAX (65)3.18.产品成本差异计算KKS2 (67)3.19.生产订单结算KO88 (68)3.19.1.维护生产订单结算规则 (68)3.19.2.执行生产订单结算 (69)3.19.3.生产订单结算相关自动会计配置OBYC (70)3.19.4.生产订单结算结果分析CO03 (70)3.20.关闭生产订单CO02 (71)4.产品成本计划 (71)4.1.参考和模拟成本核算 (71)4.1.1.相关物料主数据价格信息 (71)4.1.2.创建参考和模拟成本核算-基本计划对象 (72)4.2.带数量结构的产品成本估算 (73)4.2.1.定义成本核算变式F011(带数量结构)KONN (73)4.2.2.首先评估组成半产品HALF2的原材料ROH2成本CK11N (74)4.2.3.然后评估组成半产品HALF2的成本CK11N (77)4.2.4.【价格标记】根据物料计划成本评估结果更新物料主数据价值CK24 (80)4.2.5.【价格发布】根据物料计划成本评估结果更新物料主数据价值CK24 (81)4.2.6.物料计划评估、标记、发布状态下比较分析 (82)1.SAP SPRO IMG配置1.1. 定义MRP类型(主生产计划)T-Code:OMDQYou use MRP types for master production scheduling (MPS) to control which procedure is to be used for planning master schedule items.The MRP type is assigned to the material in the material master record.以MRP类型ND为例【后续建立物料主数据时,将会配置在物料主数据中】即MRP的类型不会对物料产品的生产起任何控制作用。
1.2. 定义MRP控制者和为工厂分配MRP控制者T-Code:OMD0In this step, you define a number that is allocated to the MRP controller.All materials are allocated to an MRP controller or a group of MRP controllers who(that) is(are) responsible for monitoring material availability. You can use the number entered here, for example, to select the individual planning results per MRP controller. The MRP controller can either be one person or a group of persons.为工厂F011 定义MRP控制者F011.3. 维护物料主数据MRP信息T-Code:MM02选择视图MRP11.4. 定义能力类别T-Code:OPCDIn this step you can assign several capacities belonging to different categories to one work center. Capacity categories can be, for example:machinelaborsetup crewemissionsYou must maintain the available capacity for every capacity category (for example, shift start, shift end, calendar, etc). You can maintain default values for this data per plant and capacity category.定义典型的2种能力类别:机器与人工工时【与后续定义的作业类型相对应】1.5. 定义能力计划员1.6. 定义公式参数标准值:工序T-Code: OP7B/OPCRFormula parameters are used in formulas for capacity planning, scheduling, costing, PRT management and determining standard values using CAPP.A formula parameter is identifeied by a parameter ID. Every formula parameter is linked with a particualr field either in Customizing, the routing or the work center. When the formula is evaluated the parameter takes the value of the field.Actions1. Define your formula parameters.常用的工序参数类型3种:SAP_01,SAP_02,SAP_03。
以SAP_01为例1.7. 设置公式定义:工序T-Code:OPCSIn this menu option, you define formulas which are used for calculations in the following areas: •capacity planning•scheduling•costingActions1. Check the available formula parameters.2. Define the formulas needed in your company.与工序参数对应的3种公式以SAP001为例1.8. 定义参数标准值:工作中心T-Code:OP7B/OPCRIn this menu option, you define the parameters. You allocate these parameters to the standard value keys.同样进入参数界面1.9. 定义标准值码:工作中心T-Code:OPCMIn this step you define standard value keys. The standard value key determines the meaning of the six standard values in the operation. The SAP System assigns a parameter ID to the standard values of the operation and the work in network activities.NoteA parameter which is to be used in a standard value key must have the origin "2".If you use capacity leveling, SAP recommends that you always enter the parameter key for the setup standard values in the same position (for example, in the first column) in all standard value keys. ActionsDefine the standard value keys.以SAP1常规生产为例1.10. 定义控制码:工艺路线T-Code:OPCGIn this step you define the control key for the operation.By means of the control key for the operation, you specify•which business functions you want to carry out•how an operation is to be dealt withThe most important alternatives are:•schedulingYou use this indicator to determine that the operation or sub-operation is scheduled.•Capacity planningYou use his indicator to ensure that when the operation is scheduled capacity requirements records are written.•CostingYou use this indicator to ensure that the operation is taken into account during costing.•External processingYou use this indicator to specify that the operation is processed externally.•ConfirmationYou use this indicator to determine:o that the operation is confirmedo how the operation is confirmed•Printing of time ticketsYou use this indicator to ensure that time tickets are printed for the operation.NoteA later change to the reference generally causes the data to be changed afterwards.以PP01为例1.11. 定义工作中心前提配置1.11.1. 创建作业类型(活动类型)T-Code: KL01作业类型CR01-机器作业类型CR02-工时1.11.2. 创建COPC专用的成本中心KS011.11.3. 维护成本中心和作业类型计划(计划数量)KP26 选择成本中心F011006和作业类型CR01、CR02输入计划数量信息、能力数量信息【能力是指能够接受的数量最大值】1.11.4. 维护成本中心和作业类型计划(价格)KP06输入成本中心、作业类型、生产成本要素输入价格信息1.11.5. 计算计划价格KSPI选择执行计算条件执行结果查看计划金额计算结果1.12. 定义工作中心CR01 1.12.1. 基本数据1.12.2. 缺省值设置1.12.3. 成本核算信息1.13. 定义工艺路线1.13.1. 定义物料类型分配T-Code:OP50为物料类型指定工艺路线类型In this step, you assign material types to task list types. If a material type is not assigned to a task list type, you cannot create routings for materials of this type.为物料类型HALF2、FERT2分配类型“路径N”1.13.2. 定义工艺路线CA011.13.2.1. 定义HAL2类型:物料2000000000工艺路线输入“物料编码”、“工厂”等信息工艺路线:抬头信息工艺路线:工序信息工艺路线:工序步骤分配给项目组件保存,完成工艺路线创建。