新世纪大学英语系列教程第2版课后题答案-综合教程新世纪大学英语系列教程第2版综合教程课后题答案Unit One Living in HarmonyEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆ Working with Words and Expressions1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in thisunit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the formwhere necessary.▆ Answers:bunch 1)amazed 2)shift 3)bundle 4)drop5)capacity 6)participating 7)style 8)commerce9)rob10)symbol 11)appreciated 12)displayed 13)slip14)conquer15)roast 16)figured 17)2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned inthis unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to usethem in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:in rich contrast to 1)are exposed to 2)risked his life 3)rely on4)at knife-point 5)stands out 6)runs contrary to 7)flag down 8)picks/picked up 9)took a gamble on10)pulled away 11)pulled over 12)▆ Increasing Your Word Power1. CollocationsLook at the adverbs listed in the box below, and decide which adverb is needed to collocate with the verb in each sentence. Fill the correct adverb into the blank in the sentence. The same word may be used in more than one sentence. Consult a dictionaryif necessary.▆ Answers:1) out2) over3) back4) down5) over6) up7) out8) back 9) down 10) out 11) up 12) over 13) back14) out 15) down 16) overfollowing in the the word “than”of 2. Study the different meaningssentences.Answers for Reference:▆Action speaks louder than words.1)degrees Celsius. Production here needs temperatures lower than 25 2)I like to keep things rather than throw them away.3)There is nobody here other than me. 4)boss. work for that her rather leave job than (be forced to) 'Shed 5)Word Building3.Now choose the Chinese meaning from Column B that matches each necessary. dictionary may consult a if You word italicized in Column A.Answers: ▆1) d.2) k3) n4) j5) a6) g7) f8) b9) o10) m11) p12) e13) c14) h15) i16) lGrammar in Contexting form and the infinitive form of the verb1.The –Task: Choose either the infinitive form or the –ing form of the verbin the brackets to complete each of the following sentences. ▆ Answers:1) preparing2) to thank3) repairing / to be repaired4) to get5) studying6) being treated7) missing8) to reduce9) to leave10) worrying2. The –ed form and the –ing form of the verbStudy the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying specialattention to the –ed form and –ing form of the verb. Reflect on itsgrammatical function in each sentence.Task：Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese inthe brackets into English, paying attention to the use of the -ingform and the -ed form of verbs.▆ Answers:1) kept nodding, rather confused2) Fallen leaves3) surprised, hiding4) Deeply moved5) following6) Being, interested7) located8) readingCloze▆ Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. Theinitial letter of each is given.▆ Answers:1) relying2) intrigued3) penny4) for5) covered6) treated7) amazed8) contrary9) generally10) whatever11) invited12) attentive13) whereTranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words ▆given in brackets.Answers for Reference:▆The rumor about his divorce is just a ploy to gain publicity for1)his new film.parentsmoney his with a factory all the He 2)took a gamble on starting had left him.theirto their they hoisted captain 3)After winning the important gameshoulders in shouting triumph.forwatch should out to go for globalization, we the 4)In rushcollision of cultures.trouble. was that there surprising circumstances 5)In the it was notThe baby is the very picture of health.6)People have realized the dangers of exposing children to violence7)and sex on TV.We always had in mind for whom we were making the film. 8)Theme-Related Writing▆ Choose one of the following writing tasks and complete it afterclass.1) Write an essay (of about 250 words) about a memorable experiencein which you helped a stranger or were helped by him or her.2) Write an essay (of about 150 words) about human relationships inour society. The following hints might serve as a guide: a. The problems existing in the relationships between peoplein oursociety.b. The negative results such problems may bring about to our society.c. What can you do to help establish a harmonious society as a student?▆Sample Essay for Task 1:One weekend morning, while walking on a bustling street with a lightheart, I was suddenly overtaken by a startling moan. Turning around,I discovered the sound was coming from a black mass in a corner. “What's that?” My heart pounded heavily. I went up and saw a human being,alive but in a dreadful state. He was crouching on the ground withdeformed hands and legs, mumbling something. He had obviously lost thenormal ability to move and work. A dirty plate was placed in front themiserable-looking man, in which there were some coins and small notes.As my eyes were drifting away from him, his eyes caught mine suddenly.What eyes they were! Filled with misery and expectation, they werelooking straight at me. He was unable to speak, but I seemed to hearhis pleading voice and read his despairing mind. His look seemed tobe telling me about his hard life and his longing for help. For a while,I was at a loss what to do. Should I drop some coins in the plate likesome other passers-by or turn away in indifference? I recalled newsreports about men pretending to be beggars, who were actually healthyand able to work. Could this be another one of those scams? But thebeggar was there, groaning and living. Then something seemed to hitme hard. I drew a five-yuan note from my pocket, dropped it in his dirtyplate and walked away quickly in silence.“No good deed is too small.” Maybe we need to bear this saying in mind.▆Sample Essay for Task 2:We are living in a world of distrust. We live behind cold securitybars; we do not talk to strangers, let alone go out of our way to helpthem; we live in fear of fake products. In short, fear and feelings ofinsecurity fill the environment we live in.All this greatly harms our society. Growing up in such an environment,we tend to feel isolated and care only about ourselves. If things go onlike this, ‘trust', ‘teamwork', and ‘harmony' will eventually becometerms unheard of.In my opinion, trusting others and being trustworthy are thetwo basicprinciples that we should follow if we want to improve human relationships.We may not be in a position to change others, but we can changethe wayothers see us by winning their trust in us. Mutual understandingand loveare the pillars that support a harmonious society.Unit TwoOptimism and Positive ThinkingEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆ Working with Words and Expressions3.In the box below are some of the words you have learned inthis unit.Complete the following sentences with them. Change the formwherenecessary.▆ Answers:positive 18)startled 19)perspective 20)harden 21)shape22)address 23)crises 24)curse25)incredible 26)conversely 27)issue 28)response 29)prior30)rare 31)accomplish32)4. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned inthis unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to usethem in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:get the hang of 1)have lived through 2)makes a difference 3)have no idea 4)concerned with 5)slipped over 6)ran into 7)in reverse 8)mull over 9)▆ Increasing Your Word Power1.Decide whether “do”, “make” or “take” is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Change the verb form wherenecessary.▆ Answers:1)does2)make3)take4)do5)make6)Take7)done8)taken9)making10)took2. In each of the following sentences you are given two confusablewords or expressions in brackets. Choose the appropriate one to fillin the blank. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1)concerned2)Concerning3)reject4)declined5)unconscious6)subconscious7)former8)preceding9)raise10)rise3.Now match each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese equivalent in Column B. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1)d2)j3)k4)a5)b6)h7)c8)f9)l10)eg 11)i12)GRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: When it is used as a conjunction, “as” can mean “when / while”,“though / although”, “since / because”, “in the way / manner that”, etc., and it can also be used in a comparative structure. Study the following sentences and explain the meaning of “as”in each sentence.▆ Answers for reference:1)in the way /manner that2)though / although3)when4)since5)used in a comparison6)though7)while8)in the way thatTask 2: Complete the following sentences after the example by translating the Chinese into English, using “as” as a relative pronoun.▆ Answers for reference:1)as you describe / have described / described2)as concern every one of us3)As is well known4)As we all can see5)as you show / as you have shown for your teacher6)As is reported / announced in today's papersClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. Theinitial letter of each is given.▆ Answers:1)perspective2)d espair3)necessity4)p erform5)C onversely6)prophecy7)where8)as9)a chieve10)recognize11)dealt with12)attitude13)channels14)concernedTranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words andexpressions given in brackets.▆ Answers for reference:1)Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fullyappreciate this. / The only people who can fully appreciate thisare those who have lived through a similar experience.2)Scientists have been hard pressed to figure out how these particlesform/ are formed and interact (with one another).3)Those who have got the hang of Rubik's Cube (Magic Cube) can returneach face to consisting of one colour in no time.4)The individual success of the employees in a team environmentresults in success for the company.5)The war, although successful in military terms, left the economyalmost in ruins.6)He decided to channel his energies into something useful,insteadof being glued to / sitting in front of the TV set all day long.7)There's a difference between strength and courage. It takes strength to survive. It takes courage to live.8)She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to givea helping hand to others.Theme-Related WritingDo either of the following two writing tasks. You may draw on someuseful ideas and expressions from a variety of sources, such as thetwo texts in this unit or the Internet.1) Having read the two passages in this unit, you may have come toa better understanding of life and the times when pessimistic andoptimistic thoughts take turns to affect your behaviour. Write aletter of encouragement (of about 150 words) to one of your highschool friends who failed in the college entrance examination. Tellhim or her about your new understanding of the need to remain optimistic.2) The writers of the two texts in this unit convey to us the messagethat we need to look at the positive side of anything that comes to us and that we need to take an optimistic and positive attitudetoward life. Write an essay (of about 150 words) to share your ideaswith your classmates. The following hints may be of some help:a. What is meant by “thinking positively”?b. What is the connection between success and optimism?c. How can we keep an optimistic and positive attitude?▆ Sample Letter for Task 1:Dear Weihua,I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the collegeentrance examination. I've just read an article about how pessimisticand optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I'm now sendingyou a copy, hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows. Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will neverbe able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important fornow and the future. Life is full of trials and anyone may suffer setbacks. We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things wehave to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces.Good things do come true if we picture them often. Please do haveconfidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for anotherchance.You will make it.Janet(152 words)▆ Sample Essay for Task 2:Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping for the best though still awareof the difficulties that might be involved.The human mind is powerful; thoughts of optimism and pessimism canbe a self-fulfilling prophecy. Though it might seem impossible to some,positive thinking and success actually have a cause-and-result relationship. The reason is that a person with positive thinking willalways broadcast goodwill and confidence and that kind of radiatingattitude will take a hold on everybody.Gradually, people's attitude will shift towards more trust and respect.This not only opens up more opportunities for the individual,also feeds back emotionally, and the cycle continues. Though the shaping of a positive or negative personality often happens subconsciously, it is possible to control such processesconsciously. A person can try visualizing favourable situations,whether it is remembering a contest won as a child or imagining gettingthat job offer so long sought after. Over time circumstances willchange accordingly. (169 words)Unit ThreeThe Road to SuccessEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions5.In the box below are some of the words you have learnt in this unit.Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form wherenecessary.▆ Answers:a)favourableb)discouragedc)consentedd)neglecte)creptf)sufficientg)tracedh)somewhati)refreshj)worthyk)prospectsl)resolvedm)remarkedn)undergoo)rewarded6.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit.Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check foryourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form wherenecessary.▆ Answers:pack up 33)many a34)stays the course 35)put to the test 36)flooding in 37)came across 38)come up with 39)plunged ... into40)▆ Increasing Your Word Power1.Listed in the box below are some unit nouns. Discuss their meaningsand then complete the following table by filling in the appropriateunit noun. The same unit noun may be used for more than once. Consulta dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:a slice of bread a particle of rocka bunch of keys a bar of soapa can of orange juice a sheet of glassan item of business an article of furniturea slice of meat a particle of dusta can of beer a bar of chocolatean article of luggage a bunch of flowersa sheet of paper an item of expense2.Words such as respectful, respectable and respective may causeconfusion because they are similar either in meaning or in spelling.To communicate effectively, we need to pay special attention to suchconfusable words.▆ Answers:1)neglected2)neglectful3)colourful4)coloured5)rough6)tough7)worth8)worthy9)favourable10)favourite11)respectful12)respectable13)respective14)considerate15)considerable3.Word BuildingMatch each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese meaningin Column B. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1)d. 2) i 3) l 4) a 5) k 6) o 7) p 8) b9)m 10) n 11) e 12) c 13) f 14) g 15) h 16) jGrammar in context1.Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, payingspecial attention to the subordinate clauses and connectives. Reflect on their grammatical function and then do the task that follows.Task: Fill in the blanks in the following sentences by choosingproperconnectives from the box below. ▆ Answers for reference:1) what 2) whether 3) whose 4) whoever5)what6) where 7) how 8) which 9) that10)that2．Study the following sentences that appear in this unit,payingspecial attention to “the preposition + relative pronoun”structure. Reflect on their uses and then do the following task.Task: Complete the following sentences using a preposition andarelative pronoun.▆ Answers for reference:1） of which 2) for which 3) in which 4)inwhom5) of which 6) to which 7) for which 8) atwhichClozeComplete the following passage with words and phrases chosen from TextA. The initial letter of each target word is given.▆ Answers:1) for 2) aware 3) affair 4) prospects 5) storage 6) matter7) plunged 8) break9) offered 10) dancing 11) cleared 12) welled 13) stick 14)sacrifices 15) publishedTranslation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words andexpressions given in brackets.▆ Answers for reference:1)Rumour has it that his new book is based on a true story aboutfamily in a small Tennessee town.2)He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation workon the side to bring in extra cash / money.3)It's good to be confident (about yourself), but there's a differencebetween (self-)confidence and conceit.4)Only those who stick it out can achieve success. Those who give uphalfway will never realize their dreams.5)A true hero possesses / has courage, a noble purpose and a willingness to make sacrifices.6)Anyone who picks up this novel and reads the first paragraph willbe hard pressed to put it down.7)In a sense, life is like swimming; if you keep holding on to thesides of the pool, you (will) never learn.8)The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the qualityof education and training.Theme-Related Writing1) Write a narrative essay (of about 150 words) about your pursuit ofa dream or someone's experiences in making his / her dream come true.Sample essayLi Hui, my friend in high school, was born into a worker's family.She began to dream of becoming a cartoon artist from her childhood.To her disappointment, her parents strongly opposed her career choice,because the cost of her education would be too high for the poor family,and they were worried about the job opportunities for a cartoon artist.However, Li Hui would not change her mind. She worked hard to perfecther skills and searched persistently for ways to realise herJust before she finished high school, the chance came: a famous artschool was holding a cartoon drawing competition. The first threewinners would be given a scholarship to study cartoon drawing at theschool. Li Hui told herself not to let the chance slip through herfingers. She readily participated and won the second place. She is nowstudying there and I feel certain that her dream will come true. (156words)2) People may have different opinions about the key factors for success.Write a short essay (of about 150 words) and share your opinions with your classmates.Sample essay:In my opinion, before a person becomes successful, he or shefully understand the basic elements of success: competence, determination and optimism.For a person to succeed, he or she has to face great competition and excel in his or her chosen career. The person needs to demonstrateand prove his or her competence in dealing with problems. Withoutcompetence, the person can neither stand out among the crowd nor attractthe attention of those who hold the keys to the doors of opportunityand advancement.Yet ability alone cannot guarantee success. Often enough, thingsdo not go the way we have planned and failure is unavoidable no matterhow intelligent or capable we may be. In such cases one needs to remainfirm and optimistic, always believing that hard work will eventuallypay off. If the person gives up halfway, success will never knock atthe door. (149 words)Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▇ Working with Words and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in thisunit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Changethe form where necessary.■Answers:1) objective2) current3) adopt4) exhibit5) capture6) integrated7) outstanding8) strategies9) convince10) striving/strive11) diagnosed12) side13) spaced14) thick15) painful16) eventually17) fascinating18) confidence19)label20) creations2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned inthis unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to usethem in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) at rest2) dropped out3) drying out4) drop in5) dawned on6) falls away7) drowned out8) on the sidelines9) falling out10) start over11) lose faith12) sign off▆ Increasing Your Word PowerFill in each blank in the following sentences proper a with preposition given in the box. Answers: ▆1) with2) to3) with4) on5) at6) with7) from8) beyond9) from10) on11) forto ）121.Study the use of but in different contexts and then do the task thatfollows.▆ Answers for reference:1) What can we do but sit and wait for a passing car to bring us to a city nearby?2)He lied to the court not just once, but on several occasions.3)“Gone with the Wind” was/is a great movie, but it was/isalittle long.4) I had/have no choice but to accept the challenge.5) The situation looked/looks desperate, but theydidn't/don't want to give up.6） But for these interruptions, the meeting would have finishedearlier.7） Who else but John would have played a trick like that? 8） She was the best singer in China at that time. I could notbut admire her.9） The machines we bought were cheap, but they went quite well. 10）Because he had/has a sore throat he was/is unable to swallow anything but liquids.2.Word BuildingMatch each of the English words in Column A with its Chinese meaningin Column B. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) j2) k3) g4) h5) i6) b7) n8) l9) f10) c11) m12) d13) a14) eGrammar in ContextTask 1: Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the properform of the verb given in brackets, paying special attention to theuse of the active voice and the passive voice.▆ Answers:1) be done away with2) is / gets punished3) being erected4) Having been ignored5) believing6) to have sent7) be looked up8) speak / speaking9) being interviewed10) takenTask 2. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying specialattention to the differences in the choice of the verb voice.▆ Answers for Reference:1）杰克，有你的电话。