鲁教版七年级英语下册常考知识点汇总find out 2.be ready to 3.dress up 4.take one' s place 5.do a good job 6.try/do one's best 7.learn from 8.a pair of 9.let sb. do sth.10.plan to do sth. 11.hope to do sth. 12..happen to do sth. 13.expect to do sth.14.how about doing ?15.be ready to do sth. 愿意迅速做某事;准备做某事 16.try /do one ' s best to do sth.17.be interested in sth./doing sth.18.what do you think of.....?=how do you like of ...?你认为 ...怎么样?19.have a discussion about20.something enjoyable令人愉快的动东西,(形容词作不定代词的后置短语) 21.stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 22.stop doing sth.停止做某事 23.forget to do sth.忘记做某事(事情还没有做) 24.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(事情做了) 25.remember to do sth. 记住做某事(事情没做)26.remember doing sth.记住做过某事(事情做了)27.try to do sth. 设法做某事28.try doing sth.尝试做某事 28.grow up 29.make sure 30.be sure about /of +名词 /动名词,对 ...有把握;确信 31.write down (动 +副)写下;记下形容词 / 副词+to+动词原形,太 ...以至于不能 ..36.agree with sb.37.send ...to...38.be able to+动词原形 =can+动词原形能...39.different kinds of+名词复数,各种各样的 40.at the beginning of ...41.want to do sth. 42.be going to +动词原形打算做某事 43.practice doing sth.44.keep on doing sth.不断地做某事,(动作的反复); keep doing sth. (表示动作或状态的持续) 45.learn to do sth. 46.finish doing sth.47.promise to do sth. 48.help sb.(to) do sth.49.agree to do sth. 50 love to do sth.51 sendsb.sth.=send sth. to sb.把某物送 / 寄给某人 52.send for 派人去请第三单元. 1.will+动词原形将要做 ...2.fewer/more+ 可数名词复数更少 / 更多 ...3.less /more+ 不可数名词更少 / 更多 ...4.try to do sth. 尽力做某事 5.不得不做某事 6.have to do sth.6.agree with sb.同意某人的意见 7.参与某事 play a pary in doing sth. 8让.某人做某事 make sb. do sth.9.help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事10.将会有 ...there willbe +主语 +其他 11.有...正在做某事 there is/are +sb./sth._+doing sth. 12.it is +形容词+for sb.+to do sth.做某事对某人来说是 ...13.spend+时间 / 金钱 +on sth. 在...上花费时间或金钱 14.spend+时间或金钱 + ( in) doing sth.花费时间或金钱做某事常考短语 .1 参与 play a part 2.多次;反复地 over and over again 3.许多;大量hundreds of 4.醒来 wake up 5.突然倒下;跌倒fall down 6.寻求;寻找 look for 7.能够做某事 be able to do sth.8.似乎 / 看来 / 好像做某事 seem to do sth.第四单元常考短语1. .接通(电流、煤气 .水等);打开2切.碎 3.一片 / 张/ 段/ 首... 4. 用...把...装满 5.一些 ;几个 6.用...覆盖...7充.满 ...be full of...=be filled with...句型与搭配1. 1.多少 ... how many+可数名词复数2.多少 ... how much +不可数名词 3 . 让某人做某事 let sb.do sth. 4.想要做某事 want to do sth. 5.忘记去做某事forget to dosth. 忘记做过某事 forget doing sht.6.如何做某事how to do sth. 7...一前一段时间 +ago 8.通过做某事 by doing sth. 9.需要做某事 need to do sth. 10.使...怎样 make +宾语 +形容词使... 怎样”,形容词作宾语补足语 . 11. 到(某人 )做某事的时间了 it ' s time (for sb.)to do sth. 12 turn on the blender 打开食物搅拌器(教材第25 页)解析:这是一个祈使句.祈使句用来表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等.祈使句的主语一般都是第二人称you,但往往省略 .祈使句的谓语用动词原形.否定祈使句通常一 don' t 开头 .Don' t forget to turn off the light.辨析: turn on 与 openturn on打开;接通通常指打开水龙头、电灯、电视等电(电源等)器的开关,其对应短语是turn offopen打开;敞开通常指把关着或封着的门窗、箱子、盒子等打开,其对应短语是close 一言辨析 open the door and turn on all the lights.打开门,并打开所有的灯.注意: turn on 是动词 +副词型短语,宾语是代词时,要放在turn 和 on 中间 .拓展: turn up 调(音量等 ) turn down 调低(音量等13.cut up 意为“切碎”,是“动词 +副词”型短语,宾语是代词,只能放在cut 和 up 中间 .14.Pour ...into...“把 ......倒进 .......”into 为介词,意为“到 .....里;进到 ......内” .15. .How do you make a banana milk shake?你怎样做香蕉奶昔?(教材第 25 页)解析:这是一个特殊疑问句,疑问词 how 意为“怎样,如何”,用来对做某事的方法、方式、途径及动作程度等进行提问 .16.How many bananas do we need?我们需要多少香蕉?(教材第 26 页) how many 意为“多少”,用来提问可数名词的数量 .How many birds are there in the tree?妙辨异同: how many 与 how muchhow many只能用于询问可数名词的数量,后接可数名词复数how much询问不可数名词的数量,“多少”,后接不可数名词.还可用来询问价格,意为“多少钱” .How much 也可单独使用 .17.one cup of yogurt 意为“一杯酸奶” .“基数词 / 不定冠词 +计量单位名词 +of ”可用来表示数量,修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数 .a cup of tea three bags of salt fvie bottles of flowers then bottles of water18. Can you tell me how?你能告诉我怎么做吗?(教材第26 页)解析: can 情态动词,意为“能”,在此表示请求 .有时也用 could,语气比 can 更委婉,在回答“ Can/Could you ...?”句型时,肯定回答常用“ sure.”“ Of course.”等,否定回答常用“ Sorry ,I can'19. put...into...意为“把 ...放进 ...”.20.Then add the cabbage ,tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes然. 后加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱再煮10 分钟 .(教材第 26 页)解析: 1)tomato 名词“西红柿” .注意:以字母 o 结尾的名词变复数时,有的加-s,有的加 -es.但 potato (土豆), tomato (西红柿), hero(英雄),mango(芒果) 4 个单词必须加es构成复数 .这 4 个单词用一句话穿起来:英雄(h ero)爱吃土豆( potato )、西红柿( tomato )和芒果( mango)2)another 10 minutes 意为“另外 10 分钟” .another+基数词 +名词表示“又 / 再/ 另......”21. :more 也可以表示“又,再”,但与基数词连用时,它与 another 位置不同: another 在基数词前; more 在基数词后 .We stayed there for two more days 我们在那儿又呆了两天 .注意:基数词 +more+名词相当于 another+基数词 +名词 .22. .Do you know how to plant a tree?你知道如何种树吗?(教材第27 页)How to plant tree 是“疑问词 +动词不定式”结构,在句中作谓语动词know 的宾语 .“疑问词 +动词不定式”结构,可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分23.by+v-ing 形式,意为“通过做某事” .介词 by 意为“通过 ...,凭 ...,以 ...”,后面需接 v-ing 形式,表示通过做某事而得到某种结果 .常用回答 how do you ....?或 How can I ...?这类问句 .--How do you learn English?你怎样学英语? --I learn English by listening to English songs.我通过听英文歌曲学习英语 .24. :fill...with.. .把...用...装满(表示动作)表主动The boy filled the bottle with sand. 那个男孩用沙子把瓶子装满了.be filled with... 装满 ...(表示状态),表被动 .是固定短语My life is filled with happiness.我的生活充满快乐 .拓展: full 形容词“满的”, be full of 表示“充满 ...”,相当于 be filled withThe bottle was full of milk.=The bottle was filled with milk. 瓶子里装满了牛奶 .25. 辨析: a few ,few ,a little 与 little意义功能修饰可数名词复数修饰不可数名词肯定(有一些;有几 a few a little个)否定(几乎没有)few little第五单元常考短语1. 为...做准备2其.他时间 ;别的时间3常.去某处 ;泡在某处4前.天5后.天6照.料 ;照顾7去.旅行8盼.望 ;期待用法归纳1. 邀请某人做某事2.what引导的感叹句的结构 :what+a/an +形容词 +单数可数名词( +主语 +谓语)!What+形容词 +复数可数名词 / 不可数名词( +主语 +谓语) !2. 帮助某人做某事4做.某事很难过5看. 见某人做某事,看见某人正在做某事6做.某事的最好方式7为.某人举行的一个惊喜派对8期.待做某事9答.复某人 / 某事10今.天是什么日子?今天是几月几日 ? 今天是星期几 ? 准备做某事 11.prepare to do sth.12 拒绝做某事 refuse to do sth. 13.be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外 14.收到某人的来信 hear from sb./receive a letter from sb.页)On Satueday afternoon,“在周六下午”,当具体到某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上时,用介词 on ,而不用 in.16. Sure,I' d love to .(33 页)I' d love to=I would like /love to . “我愿意” .常用来愉快地答应对方的请求、建议、或邀请,其中 to 不能省略 .Sorry.I can' t.常用来拒绝别人的邀请 .17. I have to help my parents.(33页)解析 have to “b 必须;不得不”,强调由于外界客观因素而不得不做某事,有人称、数、时态的变化,后接动词原形 .have to;musthave to表示客观需要,有人称、数和时态的变化,其否定形式是 don' t have toMust表示说话人的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务去做某事,没有时态和数的变化,其否定形式为 mustn' t “禁止”18.I have too much home work this weekend.(31页)这个周末我有太多的家庭作业(要做) .Too much 意为“太多的”,常用来修饰不可数名词.don' t eat too much meat.辨析 too much ;much tootoo much“太多”通常作定语,后跟不可数名词,much too“极其;非常;太 ...”相当于副词 very,常用来修饰形容词或副词. The students are much too tired after they finish too much homework.4/111)Until 此处作介词,其后跟名词或名词短语,“(表示动作、状态的持续)到...时;直到 ...为止” .2)until 还可作连词,其后跟句子,表示动作、状态持续到另一动作或状态出现之前,意为“直到 ...为止” .Mary didn' t go to bed until she finished reading that book last night.昨晚玛丽直到读完那本书才去睡觉.The children won'孩子们直到天黑才回家.3)Until 用于肯定句时,主句的谓语为延续性动词,表示该动作一直持续到until 所表示的时间 .until 用于否定句时,句子谓语常为非延续性动词,此时until 与 not 构成固定结构, not...until ,“直到 ...才” .I waited until three o ' clock.The niose didn' t stop until midnight.噪音一直到午夜才停止.He didn' t go home until 8 o' clock last night.他昨晚直到八点才回家.20.who are you going to the movies with?(35页)21.What's today?(第36页)今天是什么日期/日子?1)是询问日期和星期的常用语 . 用来提问今天是几号、星期几 . 回答时,通常用星期和日期,一般星期在前,日期在后 . 也可以用节日 . --What's today?---It's Teachers'Day.--What's today?--It's Friday the third.2)拓展:如果询问星期几,要用whatday is it today?--It's Monday.回答要用星期 .3)询问日期,要用what's the date today?“今天是几月几号?”回答要用日期.It's March 18th.22. look after“照料;照顾”,相当于take care of.注意:如果表示“好好照顾” . 用 look after...well,或take good care of.23. Can you play tennis with me .(第36页)Play tennis,“打网球”,play与球类名词连用,球类名词前不能加任何冠词;而当 play 与西洋乐器名词连用时,西洋乐器名词前必须加定冠词the. 24. What a good idea.(第37页)解析这是一个有 what 引导的感叹句 . 其机构为“ what—— a/an+ 形容词 +单数可数名词 +(主语 +谓语)” . !What a beautiful girl (she is)!拓展 ; 其他常见的感叹句结构;1)what+形容词 +复数可数名词 / 不可数名词 +(主语 +谓语)!What dilicious food!2)how +形容词 / 副词 +主语 +谓语!How beautiful she is !25. help sb to do sth,“帮助某人做某事”,也可省略to.help sb.with sth.“在在某方面帮助某人”26.see sb. do sth. “看见某人做某事”,如果表示”看见某人正在做某事”,则用“ see sb.doing sth. ”27. at the end of “在 ...的末尾;在 ...的尽头”,可以表示时间,也可以表示地点.28. I look forward to hearing from you all.(第 37 页)解析: 1)look forward to, 意为“期待;期盼”,其中to 为介词,其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语.2)hear from “收到 ...的来信” .注意: hear from 后跟 sb,不跟 letter.第六单元习惯用法归纳1. 要求某人(不要)做某事2给.某人某物3告.诉某人做某事4.太...而不能做某事5.害怕做某事6劝.告某人做某事7最好(不)做某事8需.要做某事9命.令某人做某事order sb. to do sth. 10.order sth.from +地点从某地订购某物11.生某人的气 be angry with sb.12.be angry at/about sth.因某事而生气 .13 关于 ...给某人忠告 advise sb.on/about sth.14get advice from 从...获取建议常考短语1. 保守秘密2最.后;终于 in the end ;at last ;finally 3.分成两半常考句型1. If you go to the pary,you' ll have a great time.(第 41 页)解析 have a great time 意为“玩得开心;过得愉快” .其同义短语为 have a good time 或 enjoy oneself .2.The students are talking about when to have (a class party /a class meeting/a birthday party).( 第 42 页)解析 when to have a class party是.“疑问词 +动词不定式”结构,可与主从复合句进行同义句转换 .I have decided when to start.=I have decided when I will start.我已经决定什么时候动身 .2.ask sb.(not)to do sth.要求某人 (不)做某事3.too...to... 意为“太 ...以致不能 ...”,表示否定意义, too 是副词,后跟形容词或副词, to 是动词不定式符号,后跟动词原形 .如果要表示“对某人来说太.....以致不能 ...”,要用 too...for sb. to....4.The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry.5.常考: 6)too...to... 结构可与 so...that...及 not...enough to do sth.进行同义句转换.但 not 后面的形容词是 too 后形容词的反义词 .6.She istoo young to go to school.=She isso young that she can' t go toschool.=She is notold enough to go to school.她太小了,而不能去上学.7.If I-------(go )to the party,they----------(be) upste.(第 43 页)如果我去参加聚会,他们将会很难过 .8.英语中交通方式的表达方法:1)take+a/the +交通工具名词,这是一个动词短语,在句中作谓语.I often take a bus to school.注意“骑自行车”是ride a bike.2.)by+交通工具名词,这是一个介词短语,在句中作状语.需要注意的是, by后的交通工具名词要用单数形式,且交通工具名词前不能有任何修饰词.I go to school by bus./by bike./by car.3)用某些动词短语表示,如walk to ...步行去 ...;drive to ,开车去 ....;flyto ...,乘飞机去;飞往 ...4)对交通方式提问用疑问词how.---How do you go to school? ---By bus ./on foot.9.Unless we talk to someone,we' ll certainly feel worse.(第 45 页)除非我们向别人倾诉,否则,我们肯定会感觉更糟 .解析 unless 连词,“除非;如果不”,在句中引导条件状语从句,相当于if...not.注意 unless 引导的从句通常放在主句之后;也可放在主句之前,用逗号和主句隔开 .当主句用一般将来时或祈使句时,从句用一般现在时,即“主将从现”.10.be afraid to do sth.“害怕做某事”11.be angry with sb.“生某人的气”, be angry at/about sth.“因某事而生气” .12. in the end,“最后;终于”,相当于at last 或 finally.13.make mistakes in ...(在 ...方面)犯错误;by mistake 错误地 (不是故意做某事 )14.advise sb.(not)to do sth.建议 / 劝告某人(不)做某事 .第七单元习惯用法1. 需要去做某事2看.见某人正在做某事3询.问某人某事4告.诉某人去做某事5做.某事有困难习6.惯于做某事7.用某物去做某事 use sth. to do sth.8.好像做某事9继.续做某事10介.意做某事11对....感兴趣 be interested in /take an interest in 12.准备好了做某事 be ready to do sth.13.be ready for 为...做准备 13.如此 ...以至于 ...so..+ 形容词或副词 +.that...常考短语2躺.4发.烧 5.看医于...;适应于 ... 8.用尽 ;耗尽9切.除10放.弃11继.续或坚持 (做某事 )常考句型1.what' s the matter?解析 1)matter 此处是可数名词,意为“毛病,麻烦”,通常用于句型what' s the matter(with sb.)? 中,该问句常用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦.注意:此句型中matter 作名词用,其前面要加定冠词the.2.too much;too many 与 much tooToo much 太多,修饰不可数名词.Too many 太多,修饰可数名词复数Much too ,实在(太) ...,修饰形容词或副词 .3.enough 此处是形容词,意为“足够的;充足的”,修饰名词时,常放在名词前,有时也放在名词后 .enough 作副词,意为“足够地;充分地”,修饰形容词、副词或动词,且位置后置 .It is good enough for me.它对我来说足够好了 .4.常用句型: be+形容词 +enough+to do sth.足够 ...,能做某事 .5.If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow,then go to see a doctor.(第 50 页)解析 1)此处 if 引导条件状语从句,意为“如果;假如”,If he arrives in New York,I' ll telephone you.注意:在那含有条件状语从句的主从复合句中,主句用一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时 .(即主将从现) .6.put on 为“动词 +副词”短语,意为“穿上;戴上”,人称代词作宾语时,必须放在 put 和 on 中间 .辨析: put on ,wear,dress,和( be)input on穿衣;戴帽,表动作,及物动词wear穿(衣服),及物动词,表状态dress,给...穿衣服,及物动词,宾语只能是人(be)in介词,穿着,后面接表衣服或颜色的名词,表状态,be in 同 be dressed inPut on warm clothes,or you' ll catch a cold.The children are wearing nice clothes today.I dress him every morning.The girl in red is her daughter.7.tell sb.(not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事” .8.have problems breathing (第 53 页)解析: 1)have problems (in)doing sth.为固定短语,意为“做某事有问题或困难”,同义短语为have trouble/difficuly (in) doing sth.9. be interested in 为固定短语,意为“对...感兴趣”10.be used to 意为“习惯于 ...,适应于 ...”,后接名词、代词或动名词He is used to hard work. She is used to getting up early.11 be ready to do sth.意为“准备好了做某事,”,主要强调已经准备好了要做某事,表示即将去做 .12 Be ready for 意为“为 .......做准备” .e sth. to do sth.,意为“用某物做某事” .14.with 与 inWith ,介词,用(工具器具)In,介词,用(语言、声音、材料等)15.so that 引导结果状语从句,意为“以至于” .She got up late so that she missed the early bus.Bring it closer so that I may see it better.注意:当从句中带有情态动词can ,may.Could 等时, so that 引导目的状语从句 .16.so...that,意为“如此 ...以至于 ...”,引导结果状语从句, so 后接形容词或副词, that 后接从句 .so...that... 还可用于“ so+形容词 +a/an+名词 +that...”,结构中 .It is so nice a day that many people go out for a walk.such...that...也意为“如此 ...以至于 ...”,常用于一下结构:A.Such+a/an+形容词 +名词单数 +that...She is such a pretty girl that all of us like her.B.such+形容词 +名词复数 / 不可数名词 +that...They are such beautiful flowers that the girls buy some of them.It was such delicious food that I ate a lot.4)当名词前有表示数量的 many,much,few ,little 等形容词修饰时,只能用so...that...句式 .There are so many books in the bookstore that I can' t decide which one to buy. 17.give up 为“动词 +副词”结构的短语,意为“放弃”,其后可接动名词作宾语,但不能跟动词不定式作宾语 .第八单元习惯用法归纳1.需要做某事2制.定计划做某事3要.求某人 (不要)做某事4.过去常常做某事5放.弃时间去做某事6有....感觉7决.定做某事8帮.助某人做某事9对. ...产生影响10使.得做某事对某人来说是可能的 .11对....感到兴奋 / 激动 be excited about..12.对做某事感到兴奋 be excited to do sth.13.对...感到满意 be satisfied with 14.对做某事感到满意 be satisfied to do sth.对做某事感到满意 15.强项是 ...be strong in常考短语1. 打扫(或清除)干净2(.使)变得更加高兴;振奋起来3分.发;散发4曾.经 ...;过去常常 ...5.赠送;6建.起;建立7影.响;有作用常考句型1.you could help clean up the city park.(第 57 页)解析: 1)clean up,意为“彻底打扫;清除”,是动词 +副词结构的短语动词,后面跟名词作宾语,名词放在 up 前后均可,跟人称代词作宾语,代词应放在up 前面 .2 cheer up 是固定词组,意为“(使)变得高兴;振奋起来”,是动词+副词结构的短语,既可做及物动词短语,也可做不及物动词短语.如果是代词作宾语,要放在 cheer 和 up 中间 .若是名词作宾语,放在短语中间或后面均可.3.give out ,意为“散发;分发” .为固定短语 .相当于 hand out,是动词 +副词结构的短语 .4.put off 意为“推迟”,是动词 +副词结构的短语,其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语 .ed to 是固定短语,意为“过去 ...,曾经 ...”,后接动词原形, used to do sth,意为“过去常常做某事”,表示过去的习惯动作或过去存在的情况,只表示过去和现在的对比,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态 .To 是不定式符号,后面跟动词原形 .We used to study in the same class我.们曾在同一个班级学习过.注意: used to do sth,中, used 没有人称和时态的变化 .2)used to do sth 与 be used to doing sth ,be used to do sth 的区别 used to do sth,过去常常做某事,强调过去做,而现在不做 .be /get used to doing sth,习惯于做某事,其中 to 是介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词 .be used to do sth,被用于做某事,不定式表示目的.6 lonely ;aloneAlone,独自;单独,是副词,陈述客观事实,强调独自一个人.Jerry used to go to school alone杰.瑞过去常常独自去上学 .Lonely,孤独的;寂寞的,带有强烈感情色彩,强调内心感受.7. run out of ...用完了 .主语通常是人 .8. take after 指由于血缘关系而(在外貌、性格等方面)相似,相当于 besimilar to ,after 为介词,其后常接名词或代词 .9.look like 多指外貌,看上去像 ....10.be like 可指外貌;也可指性格 .11.make a difference to (介词 ),意为“对 ...产生影响 .” difference 前可加修饰词,如 big,great 等,其后接名词、代词或动名词 .12.have difficulty( in) doing sth.在做某事方面有困难 .。