名词性从句考点纳
概念: 在整个句中起名词作用的从句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
判断：
主语从句在谓语动词前，且常用形式主语it
宾语从句在动词、介词、形容词后
表语从句在系动词后（be, seem, look等）
同位语从句在名词后且引导词在从句中不作成分
连接词分为三类：
从属连词：that, (不充当从句的任何成分, 不可省，没有意义
whether/ if (不充当从句的任何成分，不可省，“是否”的意思)
连接代词：what(ever), who(ever), whom(ever), which(ever),whose: 充当主、宾、表、定
连接副词：when, where, how, why (充当状语)
名词性从句的做法
1.判断
2.从句中缺什么给什么
考点一：what vs. that
what 在句中充当成分，后面跟意思是：
that在从句中充当成分，后面跟，意义
you have done might do harm to other people.
you don’t like him is none of my business.
考点二：that 的省略
●由连接词that引导从句时，that 在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式
的文体中常被省去，但是，从句是并列句时，第二个分句及以后的分句前的that 。
He told me (that) he will go to Shanghai tomorrow and he will visit many sights.
●that位于句首引导主语从句时，不能省略。
He will win the match is certain.
It is certain that he will win the match.
he will win the match is certain.
考点三：whether vs. if
在名词性从句中表示“是否”多用，
if 只用于引导从句。
只用whether的情况：
●主语、表语、同位语从句中
●介词后
●Whether …or….
●Whether +to do
I did not know whether to get married or to go on study.
考点四：who vs. whoever
Who 和 whoever 在意义上有所不同。
Who 表（疑问/肯定），意为：；
Whoever 表（疑问/肯定），意为
will come to the dinner remains a question.
will come to the dinner will be well treated.
whoever 与whomever
Please give the book to (whoever/whomever)needs it most.
此处，whoever在从句中作主语，因此不能用whomever。
名词性从句引导词的选择要注意其意义及它在从句中所作的成分。
考点五：What/who vs. which
What 和 who 表人或物时，（有/无范围）
Which 表示人或物时，（有/无范围）
Tell me book you like.
Tell me of the books you like.
同理: (whichever; whatever)
You can choose toy you like in the room.
You can choose toy you like.
介词后的which和what
I arrived inis called Afghanistan now.
My husband drives atI think is a dangerous speed.
考点六： it 的用法：it 在名词性从句中作
形式主语：
●It +be+adj. +that 从句
●It +be+p.p +that 从句
●It+be+n.+that 从句
●It+vi.+that/whether (vi. appear, happen, matter, occur, seem)
形式宾语：
●I hate it when Jessie gives us a dictation. (love, dislike,
appreciate, )
The Chinese government has made it clearit strives to achieve in space science in the next 5 years.
考点七：同位语从句
同位语从句的特点是由一个抽象名词+引导词+从句构成，引导词一般是that，而且that在从句中（充当/不充当）任何成分。
如news, idea, fact, doubt, evidence, promise, rumor, hope, truth, belief, message等, 同位语是对抽象名词进行解释说明。
引导词+从句=抽象名词。
定语从句vs. 同位语从句
The news that our football team at last defeated Korea made the fans wild with joy.
The news that made the fans wild with joy was from the radio.。