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热能动力工程专业英语课件

If so 倘若如此 As previously mentioned 前已提到 When needed (necessary, feasible)必要时 Where feasible 在实际可行的场合 Where possible 在可能的情况下
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2.1 Grammar Features
电能是在发电站或发电厂产生的 4) The meters are calibrated and the scale
is designed to read the value of the desired unit. 这些仪表可以被校准并且设计了不同的量程 , 2019/8/11以便读出期望单位的数值。
(4) It句型和祈使句使用频繁
(准确、精炼)
It句型:it 充当形式主语,避免句子“头重脚轻”
祈使句: 无主语,精炼。 It is very important (possible, necessary, natural, inevitable) to… It takes very much time learning… It is clear (possible, necessary, natural, inevitable) that… It happened that … It must be admitted tha(3) 省略句使用频繁 (精炼)
省略成分:状语从句中的主语、全部或部分谓语; 定语从句中的关系代词which和that、从句中的助 词等;还常用介词短语替代从句。
1) If it is possible, the open-loop control approach should be used in this system. If possible, the open-loop control approach should be used in this system. 可能的话,这个系统应该使用开环控制方法。
热能动力工程专业英语
Specialized English for Thermal Energy and Power Engineering
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Lecture 1 Introduction 引言
1.1 什么是专业英语

普通英语(Common English, Ordinary English)
Let A be equal to B.设A等于B。
Consider a high-pressure chamber.
2.1 Grammar Features
(5) 复杂长句使用频繁 (准确、精炼)
为了完整、准确地表达事物内在联系,使用大量从句
1) In the description of a flow field, it is convenient to think of individual particles each of which is considered to be a small mass of fluid, consisting of a large number of molecules, that occupies a small volume that moves with the flow.
As in Fig.1, there is a feedback element in the closed-loop system.
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2.1 Grammar Features
其他常用的省略形式:
As already discussed 前已讨论 As explained before 前已解释 As described above 如上所示 If possible (necessary)如果可能(必要)
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2.1 Grammar Features
(1) 广泛使用被动语态 (客观性) 主体多为客观的事物、现象和过程,在叙述
推理过程中切忌加进作者个人的主观臆断;
中心是客观现象及事物本身,而非动作的发 出者,把论证说明的对象置于句子主语的位 置,既能突出中心,又能吸引读者的注意。 1) Utility boilers are used primarily to generate electricity in large central power stations.
改变电阻是控制电流的一种方法 5) Conducting electricity means the flow of electrons through an object.
传导电流意味着电子在物体内的流动
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2.1 Grammar Features
(2)广泛使用非谓语形式
② 分词
过去分词短语替代从句中的被动语态
(2)广泛使用非谓语形式
③ 不定式
用不定式短语来替代表示目的和功能的从句或语句
(2) What does a fuse do? It protects a circuit.
The function of a fuse is to protect a circuit.
保险的作用就是保护电路。
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现在分词短语替代从句中的主动语态 1)The power supply, which is shown in block-diagram in Fig.1, is a single-phase inverter.
The power supply shown in block-diagram in Fig.1 is a single-phase inverter.
放大信号前,应先对其进行滤波
The signal should be filtered before being amplified.
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2.1 Grammar Features
(2)广泛使用非谓语形式 (精炼)
① 动名词 用动名词短语取代时间从句或简化时间陈述句 2) An object becomes hot. It is placed in the sun. 物体放置在太阳下会变热。 Once being placed in the sun, an object becomes hot.
A thermodynamic system, as pointed out above, is a fixed quantity of matter contained within some enclosure.
如上所述,热力系统是一包围在某一封闭边界 内的具有固定质量的物质。
3) Matter is anything having weight and occupying space.


科技英语(English for Science and Technology)
专业英语(English for Special Science and Technology)
隶属于科技英语 是科技英语的一部分,以表达科技概念、理 论与事实为主要目的。遵守科技英语的语法体系和翻译方法;特 别注重客观事实和真理,表达准确、精练和正式。 是结合各自专业的科技英语 有很强的专业性,涉及的面更加 狭窄,与专业内容配合更为密切。 专业英语与科技英语既有区别又有联系。专业英语的学习需要
有一个良好的科技英语基础,同时也要注意其自身的词汇特点、
语法特点、修辞特点和翻译特点等等。
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1.2 学习专业英语的重要性
(1) 科研信息获取 专业英语阅读能力
当前大部分资料都可以通过互联网传播,而这些资 料中90%以上都是英语。 世界上科技情报资料的交流主要靠使用英语,对子 热能动力工程、制冷与空调等专业来说,绝大部分专 业资料和信息都是以英语形式出现。
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2.1 Grammar Features
(3) 省略句使用频繁 (精炼) 2) As illustrated in Fig.1, there is a feedback element in the closed-loop system. 就像图1所示的那样,这个闭环系统中有一个反 馈元件。
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2.1 Grammar Features
(2)广泛使用非谓语形式 (精炼)
① 动名词
用动名词短语取代时间从句或简化时间陈述句
3) We must do various experiments before a new air-conditioning product is designed. Before designing a new air-conditioning product we must do various experiments.
图1中用框图表示的电源是一个单相逆变器。
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2.1 Grammar Features
(2)广泛使用非谓语形式
② 分词
2) A thermodynamic system , as it was pointed out above, is a fixed quantity of matter contained within some enclosure.
在设计一个新的空调产品之前,我们必须做 各种实验
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2.1 Grammar Features
(2)广泛使用非谓语形式 (精炼) ① 动名词 用动名词短语做主语
4) Changing resistance is a method for controlling the flow of the current.
2019/8/11 任何具有重量并占有空间的东西都是物质。
2.1 Grammar Features
(2)广泛使用非谓语形式
③ 不定式
用不定式短语来替代表示目的和功能的从句或语句
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