2020年山东省高考英语模拟试题与答案本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
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第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AYou might have heard a lot about ancient towns and ancient cities in China. Here, we list several of the most beautiful ancient villages in China.Baoshan Stone City, Yunnan ProvinceBaoshan Stone City was built on a huge mushroom-shaped rock, and only has about one hundred houses. The houses are laid out in an orderly way, built on the rock, and linked by stone steps. The Naxi people there still lead an original life and grow crops in terraces (梯田); you can experience the colorful culture of the Naxi ethnic (民族的) group there.Tuvas Village in Kanas, XinjiangKanas Tuvas Village is near the mysterious Lake Kanas. The small village is located in a valley, and only has about 80 houses. These Swiss-style wooden houses are all surrounded by wooden fences. Tuvas is an ancient minority group. They traditionally lived as hunter-gathers. You can visit a local family, go herding (放牧) with the locals and experience the peaceful ancient village life.Jiaju Tibetan Village, Danba, Sichuan ProvinceJiaju Tibetan Village is known as the “Tibetan fairyland”. It stands on a mountain slope, and consists of about 140 houses. These unique houses are all built with crown-shaped roofs, red eaves, and white walls, which make the houses look like little castles among the forest.Xijiang Miao Village, Guizhou ProvinceIf you re interested in the Miao Minority, Xijiang Miao Village can be a great destination for deepening your understanding of Miao history and culture. It’s the largest Mi ao village in China, and now has 1432 households with a population of over 5000, of which 99.5% are Miao ethnic group. It’ s also famous for the houses built on stilts (支柱) of different heights.1. What can you do in Kanas Tuvas Village?A. Hike in terraces.B. See houses of a foreign style.C. Go hunting with the locals.D. Learn about houses built on stilts.2. Where can you admire the houses like castles?A. In Baoshan Stone City.B. In Kanas Tuvas Village.C. In Jiaju Tibetan Village.D. In Xijiang Miao Village.3. What can we infer about the villages mentioned in the text?A. They remained secret to the outside world in the past.B. They were originally built to defend their homeland.C. They are still cut off and difficult to access nowadays.D. They are the ethnic villages with unique architecture.BI was in the seventh grade, and we had moved to New Jersey in November. By then, everyone already had had their own friends, and no one wanted to talk to a new girl. To make things worse, they put me in “Section L”. I found out later that everyone called Section L “Loserville”. It was sort of an open secret that it was the section for troublemakers and not-so-smart kids. When I found out, I wanted to scream. I had always been a good student and had amazing friends, and now everyone thought I was a loser!I did text my friends in Illinois almost every night, especially my best friend, Ana. At first my friends wanted to hear all about it. But then some stopped texting back once I said something about how miserable I was. One night when I was texting with Ana, I complained about another friend who had just done that.Ana’s texts came really fast for the next few minutes and they surprised me. She said that she was tired of hearing about how bad everything was in New Jersey, too. She said she did not want to hurt my feelings but that I needed to stop feeling so sorry for myself all the time, I had to try to make things better.The next day, I thought a lot about what Ana had said. She was right!I wish I could say that everything changed overnight after that, but it didn’t. I was still stuck in “Loserville”, and some people were still mean to me, even though I tried to just stay out of their way.But what did change was me—I stopped feeling so sorry for myself and did something about making friends. I signed up to make sets for the school play. I met a lot of new people there, and suddenly I had friends to say hi to in the halls!I still miss Illinois sometimes, but life in New Jersey isn’t so hard anymore. Even though I couldn’t change my situation, I could change my attitude—and that made all the difference.4. “Loserville” is a section for ________.A. failuresB. good studentsC. class secretsD. newcomers5. The writer complained all the time in the new environment because ________.A. Ana didn’t text back to herB. her friends hurt her feelingsC. she was unfairly treatedD. she was a good student6. What made a difference in changing the situation?A. She went back to Illinois.B. She ended friendship with Ana.C. She fought back with her classmates.D. She began to make friends with others.7. The best title for the passage can be ________.A. Lasting FriendshipB. An Incidence at SchoolC. Say Goodbye to “Loserville”D. Unhappiness in “Loserville”CMoscow city authorities have begun using comics（漫画）with characters from Russian fairy tales to explain to migrants（移民）how they should behave. They say a 100-page guide is needed to "keep a positive image" of the city and could help reduce "tensions" between natives and migrants. But critics have pointed out that foreign migrants and natives may be regarded as antagonists in the manual(手册).Russians and migrants have repeatedly flooded in Moscow recently. Many migrants from ex-Soviet republics in Central Asia, the Caucasus（高加索）and North Caucasus, arrive in Moscow every year, attracted by the capital’s job opportunities and relatively high salaries. A significant number of them workin the Russian capital illegally.The new guide in Russian seeks to explain the "dos" and "don’ts" to migrants. They are urged not to cause trouble, by staring at women, or eating or talking loudly on the streets. They are also warned that the police may routinely（例行公事）stop them to check their documents.In the manual, Russia’s famous "three warriors" are meant to represent the city’s law enforcement agencies（执法机关）, while Prince Y uri Dolgoruky (a historical character) is used for tours around Moscow. Meanwhile, Vasilisa the Wise and The Snow Maiden test the reader on Russia’s language a nd history. A special section of the book explains the importance of following Moscow’s strict residency and employment rules, stressing that migrants could otherwise be deported(驱逐出境) or banned from entry.The manual was written primarily for illegal migrants, Alexander Kalinin, who heads the group Support for Working Migrants in Moscow, told BBC Russian."We want to raise their level of law awareness," he added.Migrant characters had initially(最初) been identified as representatives of different nationalities, but the book’s authors later decided to drop this idea so as "not to offend anyone", said Mr. Kalinin."The old conflict between Russian heroes and non-Slavic invaders is being revived," Yevgeny Varshaver, a migration expert told BBC Russian. He also suggested that the language used in the book would be "difficult" to understand for some migrants who were not native Russian speakers.8. The underlined word "antagonists" in Paragraph 1 can probably be replaced by "_____".A. friendsB. acquaintancesC. cooperatorsD. opponents9. People from other countries come to Moscow "_____"A. to find well-paid jobsB. to have a new lifestyleC. to enjoy the fine climateD. to experience a new culture10. The third paragraph is mainly about"_____".A. consequences the migrants may sufferB. the purpose of publishing the handbookC. the measures to attract foreign migrantsD. characters and their functions in Russian fairytales11. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A. Ways to help foreign migrants to settle in RussiaB. Characters from Russian fairy tales have new jobsC. More and more foreign migrants to work in MoscowD. Moscow fairy tale comics to help migrants behaveDIn this Pennsylvania city, Pittsburgh is shrinking but getting wealthier. Since 2000, its population has declined by 95,000 while its income per capita (人均) has shot up 24 percent. The trend is taking hold in many other cities, like Buffalo in New York, Providence in Rhode Island and New Orleans.Some of these areas have created more high-paying jobs in energy, health care or education. Others have managed to reshape their producing industry for a new economy. Higher-paying jobs have a greater effect because they create demand for additional services. "The story in Pittsburgh is very positive, and other areas are looking at it as an example of the transformation that might be possible，”said Guhan Venkatu, who wrote an economic history of the area called “Rust and Renewal” for the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have helped bring tech jobs and innovation(革新) to the area by sponsoring tech centers that help graduates start companies without moving to Silicon Valley or San Francisco. This has helped keep Pittsburgh's educated young population growing even as the entire population in the city has dropped.Pittsburgh has more STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) jobs than other shrinking cities, about 80, 000 or 7% of all jobs. STEM jobs add productivity and income growth to the area. Manufacturers of high-tech medical equipment in the Pittsburgh area also have doubled employment in the last 10 years.However, some experts question whether growing income per capita can really make up for a declining population. According to Patrick Adler, a researcher at the University of Toronto, population loss does matter if it means lower-skilled workers have fled because of a lack of opportunity. What's more, high-paying jobs in education and health care can disappear if the population declines too greatly. So it'd be wise to find ways to increase the population.12. In what aspect does Pittsburgh set a good example?A. Transforming old energy into new energy.B. Creating more well-paid jobs.C. Prohibiting the manufacturing.D. Sponsoring higher education.13. How do some academic institutions help with the local economy?A. By helping to attract more talents from other areas.B. By providing much technical support to local companies.C. By hosting tech centers for local educated graduates.D. By assisting in employing a large number of educated youths.14. Why is Patrick Adler mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To show the disadvantage of a declining population.B. To suggest increasing high-paying jobs.C. To raise doubts about growing income per capita.D. To tell a reason why lower-skilled workers flee.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. How Fast Job Growth Is Related to Population GrowthB. How Less-crowded Cities Plan Their High-tech EconomyC. Why Some Cities Are Losing People but Getting WealthierD. Why Some Cities Are Suffering From a Shrinking Population第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。