大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套）Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minute s)Directions: There are 4 reading passa ges in this part. Each passage is followe d by some questions or unfinished stateme nts. For each of them there are four choi ces marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the co rresponding letter on the Answer Sheet wi th a single line through the center. Pass age OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the follo wing passage.There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of a nswering theoretical questions; technolog y is a method of solving practical proble ms. Science has to do with discovering th e facts and relationships between observa ble phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize thes e facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and proced ures for implementing the finding of scie nce.Another distinction between science a nd technology has to do with the progress in each.Progress in science excludes the huma n factor. Scientists, who seek to compreh end the universe and know the truth withi n the highest degree of accuracy and cert ainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of thing s. What scientists discover may shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of ev olution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, w e have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic ai rcraft flying overhead; we do not have th e option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the option of liv ing in a non-atomic age. Unlike science p rogress, technology must be measured in t erms of the human factor. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and f uture generations, not merely those who p resently wish to gain advantage for thems elves. Technology must be humanistic if i t is to lead to a better world.21. The difference between science and technology lies in that _____.A) the former provides answers to the oretical questions while the latter to pr actical problemsB) the former seeks to comprehend the universe while the latter helps change t he material worldC) the former aims to discover the in ter-connections of facts and the rules th at explain them while the latter, to disc over new designs and ways of making the t hings we use in our daily lifeD) all of the above22. Which of the following may be rep resentative of science?A) The improvement of people's life.B) The theory of people's life.C) Farming tools.D) Mass production.23. According to the author, scientif ic theories _____.A) must be strictly objectiveB) usually take into consideration pe ople's likes and dislikesC) should conform to popular opinionsD) always appear in perfect and finis hed forms24. The author states that technology itself _____.A) is responsible for widespread poll ution and resource exhaustionB) should serve those who wish to gai n advantage for themselvesC) will lead to a better world if put to wise useD) will inevitably be for bad purpose25. The tone of the author in this pa ssage is _____.A) positive B) negative C) factual D) critical Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the fol lowing passage.Americans have always been ambivalent in their attitudes toward education. On the one hand, free and universal public e ducation was seen as necessary in a democ racy, for how else would citizens learn h ow to govern themselves in a responsible way? On the other hand, America was alway s a country that offered financial opport unities for which education was not needed: on the road from rags to riches, schoo ling-beyond the basics of reading, writin g, and arithmetic-was an unnecessary deto ur.Even today, it is still possible for people to achieve financial success witho ut much education, but the number of situ ations in which this is possible is decre asing. In today's more complex world, the opportunities for financial success is c losely related to the need for education, especially higher education.Our society is rapidly becoming one w hose chief product is information, and de aling with this information requires more and more specialized education. In other words, we grow up learning more and more about fewer and fewer subjects.In the future, this trend is likely t o continue. Tomorrow's world will be even more complex than today's world, and, tomanage this complexity, even more specia lized education will be needed.26. The topic treated in this passage is _____.A) education in general B) Americans' attitudesC) higher education D) American educa tion27. Americans' attitudes toward educa tion have always been _____.A) certain B) contradictory C) ambiti ous D) unclear28. Today, financial success is close ly related to the need for _____.A) higher education B) public educati on C) responsible citizens D) learning the basics29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.A) information is our only productB) education in the future will be sp ecializedC) we are entering an age of informat ionD) we are living in an age of informa tion30. Which of the following is the bes t title for the passage?A) The History of American Education.B) The Need for Specialized Educatio n.C) The Future of the American Educati onal System.D) Attitudes toward American Educatio n. Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the fol lowing passage.A growing world population and the di scoveries of science may alter this patte rn of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, control floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, f ewer people die every year; and in conseq uence the population of the world is steadily increasing. In 1925 there were about 2,000 million people in the world; by th e end of the century there may well be ov er 4,000 million.When numbers rise the extra mouths mu st be fed. New lands must be brought unde r cultivation, or land already farmed mad e to yield larger crops. In some areas th e accessible land is so intensively culti vated that it will be difficult to make i t provide more food. In some areas the po pulation is so dense that the land is par celed out in units too tiny to allow for much improvement in farming methods. Were a large part of this farming population drawn off into industrial occupations, th e land might be farmed much more producti vely by modern methods. There is now a ra ce for science, technology, and industry to keep the output of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of crops are being developed which will thrive in unfavorable climates: th ere are now farms beyond the Arctic Circl e in Siberia and North America; irrigatio n and dry-farming methods bring arid land s under the plough, dams hold back the wa ters of great rivers to ensure water for the fields in all seasons and to provide electric power for new industries; indust rial chemistry provides fertilizers to su it particular soils; aeroplanes spray cro ps to destroy locusts and many plant dise ases. Every year some new means is devise d to increase or to protect the food of t he world.31. The author says that the world po pulation is growing because _____.A) there are many rich valleys and fe rtile plainsB) the pattern of distribution is bei ng alteredC) people are living longerD) new land is being brought under cu ltivation32. The author says that in densely p opulated areas the land might be more pro ductively farmed if _____.A) the plots were subdividedB) a large part of the people moved t o a different part of the countryC) industrial methods were used in fa rmingD) the units of land were made much l arger33. We are told that there are now fa rms beyond the Arctic Circle. This has be en made possible by _____.A) producing new strains of cropsB) irrigation and dry-farming methodsC) providing fertilizersD) destroying pests and disease34. Which of these words is nearest i n meaning to the word "strains"?A) types B) sizes C) seeds D) harvest s35. The author's main purpose is to _ ____.A) argue for a belief B) describe a p henomenonC) entertain D) propose a conclusion Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the fol lowing passage.For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatures -learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, h ad to be directly related to such basic p hysiological(生理的) "drives" as thirst o r hunger. In other words, a baby would le arn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no rewa rd except the successful outcome.Papousek began his studies by using m ilk in the normal way to "reward" the bab ies and so teach them to carry out some s imple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he notice d that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clea r signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations w here no milk was provided. He quickly fou nd that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on" a d isplay of lights-and indeed that they wer e capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance,two left or two right, or even to make a s many as three turns to one side.Papousek's light display was placed d irectly in front of the babies and he mad e the interesting observation that someti mes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would "smil e and bubble" when the display came on. P apousek concluded that it was not primari ly the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achiev ing in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundam ental human urge to make sense of the wor ld and bring it under intentional contro l.36. According to the author, babies l earn to do things which . A) are directly related to pleasure B) will meet their p hysical needsC) will bring them a feeling of succe ss D) will satisfy their curiosity37. Papousek noticed in his studies t hat a baby .A) would make learned responses when it saw the milkB) would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drinkC) would continue the simple movement s without being given milkD) would turn its head to right or le ft when it had enough to drink38. In Papousek's experiment babies m ake learned movements of the head in orde r to .A) have the lights turned onB) be rewarded with milkC) please their parentsD) be praised39. The babies would "smile and bubbl e" at the lights because .A) the lights were directly related t o some basic "drives"B) the sight of the lights was intere stingC) they need not turn back to watch t he lightsD) they succeeded in "switching on" t he lights40. According to Papousek, the pleasu re babies get in achieving something is a reflection of .A) a basic human desire to understand and control the worldB) the satisfaction of certain physio logical needsC) their strong desire to solve compl ex problemsD) a fundamental human urge to displa y their learned skillsPart III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete s entences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corr esponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the center.41. It's the in this country to go ou t and pick flower on the first day of spr ing.A) case B) custom C) habit D) precede nt42. He didn't take the flat because he couldn't afford the .A) hire B) fare C) rent D) salary43. I've made an for you to see the d entist at 5 o'clock tomorrow.A) appointment B) interview C) opport unity D) assignation44. The house was poorly built; for , the roof leaked.A) short B) certain C) one thing D) s ure45. the weather is concerned, I do no t think it matters.A) So long as B) So far as C) As long as D) So far46. The continuous rain set the harve sting of wheat by two weeks.A) off B) back C) down D) about47. The helicopter hovered the trees.A) in B) over C) down D) up48.The mother made a shirt for the bo y out of the of the cloth.A) odd and end B) odd and ends C) odd s and end D) odds and ends49. Let's get this old barn. It's of no use to us.A) over B) ready C) rid of D) used to50. George's ability to learn from ob servations and experience greatly to his success in public life.A) owed B) contributed C) attached D) related51. I asked him where my sister was, and he the store across the street.A) nodded B) indicated C) figured D) guessed52. They are staying with us the time being until they find a place of their o wn.A) during B) for C) since D) in53. 100 competitors had the race.A) put their names for B) entered forC) put themselves for D) taken part54. He me by two games to one.A) beat B) conquered C) gained D) won55. They have put the bird in a cage to it from flying away.A) avoid B) prevent C) forbid D) cont rol56. In recent years, new buildings ha ve up like mushrooms in the city.A) jumped B) sprung C) leapt D) put57. I from among the crowd an old fri end of mine whom I hadn't seen for ten ye ars.A) figured out B) picked out C) reali zed D) picked over58. I thought he'd never anything, bu t it's turned out that I was wrong.A) arrive B) amount to C) reach for D) add to59. He managed to pay off his debts.A) anyhow or other B) anyhow or anoth erC) somehow or other D) somehow or ano ther60. You'd better not Mr. Ganz. He may get angry.A) play a joke on B) play outC) play into the hands of D) play at61. We existed on nothing but the nec essities.A) empty B) bare C) hollow D) undress ed62. The seasons change, independent a nyone's wishes.A) on B) to C) with D) of63. The mail was for two days because of the snowstorm.A) misled B) lost C) delayed D) damag ed64. He has been absent class for quite some time.A) in B) for C) with D) from65. I owe a great deal my parents and teachers.A) to B) for C) toward D) of66. We must manage to do our work bet ter with people.A) less money and few B) less money a nd fewerC) little money and less D) few money and less67. Mr. Black is to our English eveni ng.A) more pleased than to come B) more pleased to come thanC) more than pleased to come D) more pleasing than to come68. You that car with the brakes out of order. You might have had a serious ac cident.A) ought to drive B) oughtn't do driv eC) ought to have driven D) oughtn't t o have driven69. If it for their support, we would be in a very difficult position.A) is not B) weren't C) was not D) be not70. If only we as we were told! This would never have happened.A) would do B) had done C) do D) didPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in th e following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best f its into the passage.Everyone ___71___ of the President of the US ___72___ the most powerful man in___73___. But when the representatives o f the 13 former British colonies ___74___ to draw up the constitution of the new c ountry ___75___ 1788, ___76___ of them we re not sure whether they ___77___ to have a President at all. There were even ___7 8___ who ___79___ a king, ___80___ their successful war against the British king, George III. The decision was in doubt ___ 81___ the last moment. One group wanted _ __82___ for life, while ___83___ suggeste d that ___84___ not be a President, becau se a Committee would govern the country b etter; a third group ___85___ a President ___86___ term of office would last seven years but who could not stand for reelec tion, because they were afraid he would s pend his time ___87___ votes at the next election. In the end they chose George Wa shington as President for four years and let him ___88___ for reelection because t hey trusted him. But they were ___89___ to make rules in case a future President _ __90___ badly and these rules were used t o get rid of President Nixon two hundreds years later.71. A) use to think B) think C) think s D) uses to think72. A) to be B) being C) like D) as73. A) western world B) the western w orld C) accident D) the accident74. A) found B) met C) encountered D) put together75. A) at B) by C) on D) in76. A) a number B) a great deal C) a large amount D) the most77. A) should B) would C) needed D) m ust78. A) few B) a few C) little D) a li ttle79. A) had preferred B) would have pr eferredC) should have preferred D) were pref erring80. A) although B) however C) neverth eless D) in spite of81. A) until B) as far as C) so far a s D) by82. A) that the President was electedB) that the President would be electedC) to elect the PresidentD) to be ele cted the President83. A) another B) other C) the otherD) some other84. A) it should B) it would C) there should D) there would85. A) would have liked B) would rath er C) would like D) would be liking86. A) that's B) whose C) which D) of which87. A) looking for B) to look for C) to look at D) looking at88. A) stand B) to stand C) be standi ng D) that he stood89. A) so careful B) too careful C) c areful enough D) enough careful90. A) would carry B) carried C) would behave D) behavedPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are al lowed thirty minutes to write a compositi on on the topic "The Expenses of an Avera ge Worker". You should study the followin g table carefully and base your compositi on on the outlines given below. You should write at least 100 words.1. The changes in the worker's expens es from 1990 to 2000.2. The possible reasons for the chang es.3. My prediction.The Expenses of an Average Worker 2015年6月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷参考答案(第一套）21-25. DBACC 26-30. DBABD 31. CDAAA 3 6-40. CCADA41-45. BCACB 46-50. BBDCB 51-55. BBBA B 56-60. BBBCA61-65. BDCDA 66-70. BCDBB 71-75. CDBB D 76-80. ACBBD81-85. ACACC 86-90. BAACC。