1. 基本变化规则①一般在名词后加s,变成复数。
如boy→boys, pen→pens等。
②以s, x, sh, ch结尾的,在后面加es。
如class→classes,fox→foxes,box→boxes, brush→brushes, watch→watches。
但stomach(胃)的复数为stomachs。
③“以辅音字母+y”结尾的,y变为i,然后再加es。
如baby→babies, family→families, country→countries, city→cities.像以元音字母加y结尾则直接加s,例如boy→boys, toy→toys, way→ways。
另外以y结尾的专有名词,则直接加s变复数,如the Henrys(亨利一家)。
④以o结尾的名词,除有生命的“两人两物”Negro(黑人), hero, tomato, potato在后面加es外,一般是在后面直接加s。
如kilo→kilos, photo→photos, zoo→zoos, radio→radios, piano→pianos, video→videos.⑤以f或fe结尾的名词英语中共有100多个,其中直接加s的有90多个,但这些绝大多数不常用,如, belief→beliefs,roof→roofs等;把f或fe改为v, 再加es的只有十几个,但13个都是常用的名词,如half→halves, knife→knives, leaf →leaves, wolf→wolves, wife→wives, life→lives, thief→thieves 等2. 不规则变化名词单数变复数的不规则变化要注意以下几点:①含man的名词,一般变man为men。
如woman→wom en,policeman→policemen, Englishman→Englishmen。
但German→Germans除外。
②将oo改为ee的有foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese等。
③复数以en结尾的有child→children, ox→oxen等。
④将ouse改为ice的有mouse→mice, louse→lice(虱子)等。
⑤单复数同形的有sheep, deer, fish, means, works(工厂), Japanese, Chinese等。
注意:1)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。
如:people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说 a person,a policeman, a head of cattle,另外the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,如:The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
2)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:①maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。
②news(新闻、消息)是不可数名词。
③the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。
④以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也视为单数。
"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。
3) 表示由两部分构成的东西,属于只有复数形式的名词,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes,, jeans, scissors 若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双); suit(套);a pair of glasses(一副眼镜),two pairs of trousers(两条裤子),a piece of clothes/clothing(一件衣服),a suit of clothes(一套衣服)a pair ofjeans(一条牛子裤)4)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters 水域,fishes(各种)鱼(two fishes表示两种鱼,而two fish表示两条鱼)一、请写出下列词的复数形式。
(1’*50=50’)cities zoos countries teethmice boys brooms carstrees horses buses foxesbranches babies families dishesradios photos pianos knivesleaves lives thieves menwomen children feet thesewatches diaries days booksdresses sheep teas boxesstrawberries peaches sandwiches papers juice water milk ricepeople CDs oxen deer fish二、单项选择(1’*10=10’)1.C2.B3.B4.B5.A6.B7.C8.B9.B 10.C三、选择填空(1’*10=10’)1.B2.B3.B4.B5.D6.D7.D8.B9.C 10.C四.填入所给名词的正确形式(2’*10=20’)1. knives2.boxes3.buses4.boys5.children6.photos7.tomatoes8.teethk 10.women teachers一、请写出下列词的复数形式(注:不可数名词没有复数形式)。
city _____ _zoo ______country _____ tooth ____mouse __ boy____________ broom ___________car ____tree ______horse ______ bus______________ fox _____branch ____ baby _____ family _____ dish _____radio _____ photo _____ piano _____ knife _____leaf _____ life _____ thief _____ _man _____woman _____ child ___ foot this _____________ watch___________ diary____________ day____________ book____________ dress____________ sheep___________ tea_____________ box___________ strawberry_________ peach__________ sandwich__________ paper_________ juice__________ water____________ milk___________ rice__________people CD ox___________deer____________ fish___________ 二、单项选择( )1. The __ in our yard are very beautiful.A. clothB. waterC. flowers( )2. Tom is one of the Chinese _____ in our school.A. boyB. boysC. boies( )3. A cat has four ____ , doesn't it?A. footsB. feetC. feets( )4. There are three ____ and five _____ in the room.A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Japanese ( )5. Can you see nine ____ in the picture?A. fishB. bookC. horse( )6. The _____ has two______.A. boy; watchB. boy; watchesC. boys; watch( )7. The _____ are flying back to their country.A. GermanyB. GermanysC. Germans( )8. The girl brushes her _____ every day before she goes to bed.A. toothsB. teethC. teeths( )9.I saw many _____ in the street.A. peoplesB.peopleC.peo ple’s( )10.The green sweater is his _________.A.brotherB.brothersC.brother’s三、选择填空( )1. They come from different ______A. countryB. countriesC. a countryD. countrys( )2. How many ______ do you see in the picture?A. tomatosB. tomatoesC. tomatoD. the tomato( )3. They are______.A . woman teachers B. women teachersC. women teacherD. woman teacher( )4. Would you like _______ ,please?A. two glass of waterB. two glasses of waterC. two glass of watersD. two glasses of waters( )5. Most of ______ live in _______.A. Germans, GermanB. German, GermenC. Germen, GermanyD. Germans, Germany( )6. There are some ______ in these _______.A. knifes pencil-boxesB. knives pencils-boxC. knives pencil-boxD. knives pencils-boxes( )7. ______ like ______ by air.A. Greens, travellingB. The Green, travelingC. The Greens, travelD. The Greens, traveling( )8. I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).A. the peopleB. peopleC. peoplesD. the peoples( )9. There is no ______ in the plate.A. applesB. orangesC. riceD. eggs( )10.My uncle has three _______.A.childB.childsC.childrenD.childrens四.填入所给名词的正确形式1. I have two____________ (knife)2. There are many ___________ here. (box)3. There are many ___________ on the road. (bus)4. A few ___________ are drawing on the wall. (boy)5.The ______________ are playing football now. (child)6.Please take two _______________ for me. (photo)7.I like the red ________________.(tomato)8.Would you please clean your _____________ now? (tooth)9.Do you want some _________? (milk)10.There are ten __________ _________in our school. (woman teacher)。