最新2019届（新课标）全国卷英语高考模拟试卷（四） 绝密 ★ 启用前 时间：120分钟；总分150分 注意事项： 1、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2、回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3、考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） （略） 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和D ）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A Here are four wonderful hotels and campsites in Europe. Ekies All Senses Resort, Chalkidiki, Greece This could be the perfect retreat for stressed parents who need spoiling. For a start, it’s in lovely Greece, but there’s no need to take a ferry, as it’s on the mainland. With a juice bar beside the(heated)pool, open-air spa, calm beach, restaurants or meals on demand, and secret bays to explore by boat, it makes for a super-relaxed break. ·Doubles from € 88, junior suite(sleeps 4)from €138 a night, family suite(sleeps6) from €272 B&B, open late April-October, Casa Vicentina, Algarve, Portugal For a back-to-nature feel, family-run Casa Vicentina in the Algarve is perfect. Built with ecological materials, it’s in a protected park area on a natura l lake. Breakfast is a plentiful buffet-and bikes are supplied free of charge so you can go to the beach or cafes and restaurants. Accommodation is in brightly decorated rooms or larger suites complete with small kitchens. ·Rooms from €75 B&B, wonderfullan d. Com Fairy Chimney Inn, Cappadocia, Turkey Older kids will love the fairytale landscape of Cappadocia and the excitement of staying in a cave hotel. The Fairy Chimney Inn used to be part of a cave monastery(修道院). Its rooms are beautiful and homely, with traditional decorations and the occasional reminder of the modern world. All rooms have courtyards overlooking the extraordinary landscape. ·Rooms from €55 B&B, plus 11 per child, fairychimney. Com Casa San Gabriel, Umbria, Italy Casa San Gabriel is a small hilltop farm where three self-catering cottages share a swimming此卷只装订不密封 班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号pool, playground and barbecue. There’s added excitement for young guests in the family of alpacas(羊驼)kept on site. There are several water, wildlife and activity parks nearby, and slightly further afield a Pinocchio theme park.·A week at II Fienile cottage (sleeps 4-6)costs from €650, B&B (low season only) from €95, casasangabriel. com21. In the Ekies All Senses Resort, you can enjoy_______.A. a ferry journeyB. an open-air spaC. living in tree housesD. dancing in the playground22. Which of the following will you choose if you want to enjoy a breakfast buffet?A. The Ekies All Senses Resort.B. Casa VicentinaC. The Fairy Chimney InnD. Casa San Gabriel23. If you want to see some wildlife on holiday, which website should you click?A. B. C. D. BStudents at the Florida high school where 17 people were shot dead in February of 2018 are being asked to wear clear backpacks.School officials have written to families of Marjory Stoneman Douglas High pupils outlining the plans as part of new security measures, They say any student without a clear backpack will be given one at no cost. As well as introducing the transparent backpacks for quicker safety checks, there will also be airport-style metal detectors and school visitors will pass through special gates.“We’re going to man every gate at the school during school hours and for after-school activ ities,” said the superintendent of Broward County Public Schools, Robert W. Runcie.Since the shooting when Nikolas Cruz opened fire killing 17 people, students there have been leading calls for gun reform.Donald Trump has told US politicians he wants tou gher laws with “really strong background checks”, while he’s faced anger from anti-gun groups for suggesting training school staff to use firearms.In the last few days, safety at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High has been called into question again after several security breaches (违反). Three students were arrested on Tuesday, two for carrying knives and one for making threats on Snapchat. Some parents have become so worried that they’ve been keeping their children off school.“We’ve got to put things into place now,” Mr Runcie said.24. Which is a new security measure of the school?A. Teachers are trained to use firearms.B. Guards are hired to monitor the students.C. Visitors are forbidden to enter the school.D. Students are required to wear clear backpacks.25. What can we know about the school shooting from the text?A. The gunman was a school staff member.B. One of the victims was named Nikolas Cruz.C. Seventeen people were shot dead on campus.D. Someone unknown broke in and opened fire.26. Some parents have become worried because .A. three students were badly hurtB. the school takes few safety measuresC. they received a letter from the teacherD. there are still safety problems at the school27. What is the students’ attitude toward firearms?A. They call for changes of gun laws.B. They are against the school’s stricter rules.C. They defend their right to possess weapons.D. They approve of Donald Trump’s suggestion.CToday tropical rainforests are disappearing from the face of the globe. Despite growing international concern, rainforests continue to be destroyed at a pace over 80,000 acres per day. World rainforest cover now stands at around 2.5million square miles. Human activities have had an effect on much of this remaining area.Deforestation(森林滥伐) of tropical rainforests has a global effect through species extinction, the loss of important ecosystem services and renewable resources, and the reduction of carbon sinks. However, this destruction can be slowed, stopped, and in some cases even reversed(逆转). Most people agree that the problem must be solved, but the means are not as simple as building fences around the remaining rainforests or banning the wood trade. Economic, political, and social pressures will not allow rainforests to continue to exist if they are completely closed off from use and development.So, what should be done? The solution must be based on what is practical, not completely idealistic and depends on developing a conservation approach built on the principle of sustainable(可持续的) use and development of rainforests. Beyond the responsible development of rainforests, efforts to restore damaged forest lands along with the establishment of protected areas are key to securing rainforests for the long-term benefits they can provide for mankind.Historic approaches to rainforest conservation have failed, as shown by the increased rate of deforestation. In many regions, closing off forests as untouchable parks and reserves has neither improved the quality of living or economic opportunities for the rural poor, nor stopped forest clearing by illegal woodcutters and developers.The problem with this traditional approach to preserving wildlands in developing countries is that it fails to develop proper economic motives for preserving the forest. Local people and the government itself must see financial returns to prove the costs of maintaining parks from economic activities.28. What has caused some species extinction in the tropical rainforests?A. Humans' destroying the trees.B. Carbon sinks being reduced.C. Lacking renewable resources.D. Fences not being built around the rainforests.29. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Tropical rainforests can be easily preserved.B. Rainforests must be closed off to be better protected.C. Human activities have had an effect on tropical rainforests.D. Economic returns can make some difference in protecting tropical rainforests.30. What is the author's attitude to tropical rainforest protection?A. Indifferent.B. Concerned.C. Doubtful.D. Puzzled.31. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To show the bad effects of deforestation.B. To stress the importance of the rainforests.C. To appeal for right ways to save the rainforests.D. To introduce the fact of forests disappearing.DAccording to a team of researchers, an animal’s ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures.” commented lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.The study was done with a variety of animals using phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research showed flies “observe motion In a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve,” which allows them to avoid being hit.Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the resear ch project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no Value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might now be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.”In comparison, the tiger beetle (虎甲虫) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey’s(猎物) position.Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension along which animals can specialize and there is considerable range to study this system in more detail.32. What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about?A. Pace of life of animals.B. Time perception of animals.C. Lifetime of small animals.D. Impressive abilities of animals.33. What does Kevin Healy’s comment mean in Para. 2?A. The ability of animals to perceive time depends’ On their high moving speed.B. The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.C. Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.D. Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.34. Why can houseflies avoid being hit?A. They can think very deeply before they act.B. They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.C. They can process the information as quickly as they receive it.D. they can send information to brain more quickly than to their eyes.35. What will a tiger have to do to catch a moving prey’A. Try to run as fast as it can.B. Prevent itself from becoming blind.C. Slow down to gain its time perception.D. Stop occasionally to spot the prey again.第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。