一、短语翻译。

（20分）1、Significant 至关重要2、derivation 从…获得3、necessity 必需品4、teleconference 远程电话会议5、superficial 肤浅的6、compatriot 同胞7、real estate 不动产8.asset 资产9、be contrary to与…相反10、implement 实施、执行11、危及endanger 12、灭绝的extinct13、搞糟make a mess of 14、十字图案crisscross 15、追查到track down16、可居住的inhabitable 17、在某些方面in this respect 18、并肩的side by side19、心理学者psychologist 20、易于be apt to 21、athletics 运动员22、fascinated 被…迷住的23、minivan 小型货车24、poised 泰然自若25、hike 远足26、huddle 缩成一团27、ethicist 伦理学家28、cut short 中断29、kick the habit戒除嗜好30、sustainable 可承受的31、破坏性的devastating 32、臭氧ozone 33、解决办法solution34、偷猎poach 35、保护preserve 36、规则regulation37、感到怀疑in doubt 38、障碍roadblock 39、素描sketch40、压倒crush二、Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words and phrases given below.(10分)1）、Adopt / apply / expert / negative / release /stable / tradition/ be fed up with /Bring up/ lead to1、Taking deep breath can release you from your neverousness.2、A good teacher would not have negative influence on his students.3、After so many days, Harley has already been fed up with all those boring meetings.4、The company is adopting new methods trying to encourage its employees to work harder .5、Commodity prices have remained stable for quite a few years in this country.6、After her husband’s death in a car accident, Mary brought up her three children all by herself.7、It is important to master the theories and apply them to practice.8、People of the older generation would always keep up the tradition of plain living andhard Work.9、His carelessness and laziness has led to the failure in the entrance exams.10、The patients have strong belief in Doctor Lee because he is an expert of that field.2）、Appoint / calm / confidence / decision/ encounter / excellent / failure / Picure / fall short of / hold down / take advantage of / take over1、She didn’t like to discuss her __decision to leave the company.2、After the accident it took a long time before she had the _confidence_ to get on a plane again.3、she’s warm hearted and hardworking, and I believe she can become an_excellent_teacher.4、The poor man is __holding down__ three jobs at the same time in order to support his family.5、The __failure___ of the international community to deal effectively with the problem has costThousands of lives.6、I ___took advantage of ___ the good weather to paint the wall.7、The company has __appointed__ a new sales director.8、He __encountered___ the young woman as she was leaving a supermarket.9、I can still ___picture___ her lovely blue eyes and sweet smiles.10、Everyone thought Henry would ___take over___ the company after his father died.11、After yesterday’s fighting，the region is now ___calm___ again.(课本原题增加)12、He would sack any of his staff who ___fell short of___ his high standards.(课本原题增加)三、Match the words in column A with their explainations in column B.( 10分)Column A Column B1、uneasy A、Plate（盘子、碟子）2、dish B、look（表情）3、raw C、Politeness(礼貌)4、manners D、Thin（薄的）5、slim E、uncooked（未煮熟、生的）6、appreciate F、Select（挑选）7、pick out G、Understand（理解）8、expression H、Upset（不安的）9、feature I、characteristic（特征）10、rural J、of the country（乡下）答案：1、H2、A3、E4、C5、D6、G7、F8、B9、I 10、J11、confuse A、Disclose（透露）12、hop B、Shake（颤抖）13、persist in C、secret（秘密）14、still D、mix up（混淆）15、mystery E、jump（跳）16、reveal F、Unmoving（不动的）17、opportunity G、Chance（机会）18、quiver H、insist on（坚持）19、justify I、give acceptable reasons（令人满意的）20、survival（生存）J、the state to continue to live答案：11、D12、E13、H14、F15、C16、A17、G18、B19、I 20、J四、Choose the best one to finish the following sentences .( 10分)1、Can fish hear fishermen ________C________ along the stream.a. movedb. to movec. movingd. be moved2、Agatha Christie’s world is not quite a real world, _____D_____ is one of the reasons why herbooks have not become dated.a. thatb. itc. in whichd. which3、He felt him _____A______ her hand.a. touchb. touchedc. have touchedd. had touched4、The emperor combined these walls ______B________ one continous wall.a. forb. intoc. atd. by5、Have you made up your mind? No, I ______C_______ the matter.a. have consideredb. consideredc.have been consideringd.was considering6、His mother’s life had been so hard ______D______ she had finally gone mad.a.whatb. whoc. whomd. that7、It was not _______A________ 1972 that he was welcomed back to receive an award –theaward of Oscar.a. untilb. tillc. ind. to8、His success is _______D________ his hard work.a. forb. becausec. own ford. due to9、The girl _______A_______ the bicycle is Jane.a. riding onb. driving inc. driving ond. riding in10、We are ignorant of the degree _______B_______ his experiments have supplied powerful evidence for his theory.a. at whichb. in thatc. to whichd. for which11、Job’s father, along with his two brothers, _________C________ in New York one more day.a. demands that he staysb. demand that he staysc. demands that he stayd. demand that he stay12、An actor might be frightened or nerous as he moved onto the stage, especially ____A_____he forgot His linesa. asb. whilec. ifd. unless13、Bob wishes that he _______B_________ that house last spring.a. boughtb. had boughtc. buysd. were buy14、Solid is different from liquid _______D_________ the solid has definite shape.a. whichb. thatc. in whichd. in that15、They always give the vacant seats to _______C_________ comes first.a. whob. whomc. whoeverd. whomever16、I don’t doubt ________A___________ he is qualified for the position.a. thatb. whyc. whetherd. how17、There has been an accident on the mortorway ,________D_____ __ long delays.a. causing inb. relating inc. leading ind. resulting in18、The team ________B________ four Europeans and two Americans.a. composed ofb. consists ofc. make up ofd. insists of19、The house that they promised us _______C_______ to be a tiny flat.a. turned intob. turned downc. turned outd. turned on20、Everyone _____B_____ him that it is important to have rules and stick to them.a.agree onb. agree withc. agree tod. agree in五、Reading comprehension. (20分)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you. You say “I wish I could help you but I’m short of money myself.”In fact, you are not short of money but Your friend is in debt and you don’t want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this rally a lie?Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of Southern California has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a “white lie”, such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intension of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.Research has also been done into the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now.” They also tend to touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The tip of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressures make it itch.Another gesture which gives liars away is what the writer Desmond Morris in his book Manwatching calls “the mouth cover”.He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation. It is not one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told.1、According to the passage, a “white lie” seems to be a lie CA、that other people believeB、that other people don’t believeC、told in order to avoid offending someoneD、told in order to take advantage of someone2、Research suggests that women AA、are better at telling less serious lies than men areB、generally lie far more than men doC、lie at parties more often than men doD、often make promises they intend to break3、Researchers find that when a person tells lies CA、his blood pressure increases measurablyB、he looks very seriousC、he tends to make some small changes in his behaviorD、he uses his unconscious mind4、One reason people sometimes rub their noses when they lie is that BA、they wish they were somewhere elseB、the nose is sensitive to physical changes caused by lyingC、they want to cover their mouthsD、they are trying to stop themselves from telling lies5、The tone of this passage tells us that the writer DA、hates to lieB、enjoys lyingC、often tells a lieD、tries to analyze lyingPassage 2Question 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way, children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught—to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle—compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself. We do it all for him as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what his word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answerbook. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.6、According to the passage, which of the following is the best way for children to learn thingA、Listening to skilled people’s advice.B、Asking older people many questions.C、Making mistakes and having them corrected.D、Doing what other people do.7. The writer think teachers should NOT C .A、give children correct answersB、allow children to make mistakesC、point out children’s mistakes to themD、let children mark their own work8. According to the writer, teachers in school should A .A、allow children to learn from each otherB、point out children’s mistakes whenever foundC、correct children’s mistakes as soon as possibleD、give children more book knowledge9. According to the passage, learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are B .A、different from learning other skillsB、the same as learning other skillsC、more important than other skillsD、not really important skills10. The title of this passage could probably be D .A、Let Us Teachers Stop WorkB、Let Us Make Children LearnC、Let Children Correct Their ExercisesD、Let Children Learn By ThemselvesPassage 3Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburghset themselves the opposite problem—how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bubs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campus’s six buildings comfortable.Some parts of most modern buildings—theaters and offices as well as classrooms are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter. The techniqu e of saving heat and redistributing it is called “heat recovery.”A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University’s system is the first to recover heat from some buildings and re-use it in others.Along the way, pitt has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hardworking, overweight male genius.1. Until recently, body heat has caused problems because it ___C__.A. was difficult to collectB. came in a variety of formsC. was difficult to get rid ofD. tended to be absorbed by physical objects2. Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campus?A. The heat is supplied by human bodies only.B.The heat is supplied by both human bodies and other heatemitting objects.C. The heat is supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel.D. The heat is supplied by human bodies, other heatemitting objects, and conventional fuel.3.The phrase “even in winter” (in line 8) most nearly means ___C__.A. if the winter is especially warmB. during all of the year except the winterC. in the winter as well as in other seasonsD. during the evenings in the winter4. The phrase “heat recovery” refers to a __D___.A. method of concealing the source of heatB. special form of air conditioningC. supplementary hot water systemD. way of reclaiming and re-using heat5. According to the passage which of the following would produce the LEAST amount of heat?A. A fat female who studies hard.B. A thin female who does not study.C. A fat male who does not study.D. A thin male who studies hard.Passage 4Heredity(遗传) is not the only thing that influences our color. Where we live and how we live after we are born are important too. For instance, our genes influence how fat or thin we are. But our weight depends mainly upon how much we eat and how much exercise we get. In the same way, our skin color depends to aLarge extent how much light we get when summer arrives and light-colored people go to the beaches，some will tan darkly, some will tan lightly and few will not tan at all. Each one has inherited a difficult ability to tan，but the difference do not appear until the conditions are right . An outdoor man will soon become pale if he changes to an indoor job, while a desk clerk will take on tan after a short vacation in the sun.Sometimes people decide that being tanned is better than being pale. Sometimes they decide the opposite.Centuries ago, most of the people in Europe were peasants and they had to work in the fields all day. Noblemen, on the other hand, did not have to work. They stayed indoors and remained pale. You could always tell a nobleman from a peasant because a peasant had a tan. As a result, a shin so pale that the veins (血管) showed was considered a mark of great beauty.During the Industrial Revolution things changed. Farmers left their fieldsand went to work in factories, mines and mills. Working for long hours in dimly-lit factories and mines made their skins pale. Wealthy people, however, could afford to travel so sunny countries. They had the leisure to lie around on the beaches and get tan. Having a tan became a sign of wealth.In Western Europe and North America pale skin is no longer desirable. Instead of bleaching themselves white with lemon juice, many women spend their time under a sun-lamp. The desire for a quick tan has led to the invention of pills and lotions（涂剂）that darken the skin artificially without exposure to sunlight. These pills and lotions can be bought by anyone at any drugstore. A rich man can spend hundreds of dollars on a vacation in the sunny West Indies and get his suntan there. But his lowest-paid clerk can have what looks like the same tan out ofa bottle for a few cents.6、Besides genes, our skin color has much to do with ____D_____.A. exerciseB. weightC. foodD. sunshine7、When summer comes and the light-colored people go to the beaches, __D__.A. all of them will tan darklyB. few of them will tan darklyC. many of them will not tan at allD. some of them will not tan at all8、Centuries ago in Europe, it was considered of great beauty to have __A__.A. pale skinB. light-colored skinC. dark-colored skinD. a suntan9、During the Industrial Revolution people began to like to have a tan because it was a sign of___C___.A. good healthB. great strengthC. wealthD. youth10、Pills and lotions have been invented in Western Europe and North America ___D___.A. to protect people from sunburnB. to make people look wealthyC. to smooth people’s skinD. to help people to have a quick tan六.Translate the following sentences into English.(15分)1、他不但擅长画画、唱歌也很棒。