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古典主义要求简洁、洗练、明朗、精 确的文风，反对烦琐、枝蔓、含糊、 晦涩，崇尚与模仿古希腊罗马经典。 英国在17世纪后期形成了古典主义流 派，但直到18世纪初期才得到发展； 约翰·德莱顿是古典主义的倡导者和实 践者。《论戏剧体诗》（1668）等阐 述了古典主义法则。蒲伯的创作使英 国古典主义达到高潮。
I think of you,
我想起你，每当太阳从大
when I see the sun's shim 海上
mer
辉煌照耀；
Gleaming from the sea.
我想起你，每当月亮在泉
I think of you,
水中
when the moon's glimmer 抖动彩笔。
Is reflected in the springs.
The ruler encourage the development of art and science (Salon).
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Classicism古典主义
Classicism in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for classical works, as setting standards for taste which the classicists seeks to follow. The art of classicism typically seeks to be formal and restrained.
我看到你，每当在大路的
I see you,
远方
when on the distant road 扬起灰尘；
The dust rises,
每当深夜，浪游者在山间
In deep night,
小路
when on the narrow bridge 哆嗦战栗。
The traveler trembles.
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William Blake Wordsworth, Coleridge Byron, Shelley and Keats Scott
in France
Hugo Sand
in Germany
Heine, Goethe, Schiller
in Russia
Pushkin
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Closeness of Beloved—Goethe歌德
I hear you, when with a dull roar The wave surges. In the quiet grove I often go to listen When all is silent.
I am with you, however far away you may be, You are next to me! The sun is setting, soon the stars will shine up on me. If only you were here! .
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Neo-Classicism新古典主义
This term refers to the revival of the attitudes and styles of expression of classical literature. It begins in the late 17th century and lasting until about 1800. In its purest form, Neoclassicism marked a return to order（整齐）, proportion（协调）, restraint（克 制）, logic, accuracy, and decorum （得体）.
Division seven Romanticism
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What is Romanticism?
Literature, philosophy, music, art. In the late 18th and early 19th
century. individual values and aspirations. Direct contact with nature. Promote the national liberation.
我听见你，每当大 海掀起狂涛 发出咆哮； 在沉静的林苑中， 我常去倾听 万籁俱寂。
我伴着你，即使你 在天涯海角 犹如身边； 太阳西沉，星星很 快将照耀我 呵，愿你也在这里。
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海涅
亨利希·海涅（1797——1856） 是19世纪德国伟大的革命民主主义 诗人、杰出的散文家和政论家，也 是19世纪前期浪漫主义文学和批判 现实主义文学范畴在德国的主要代
two great forerunners:
Rousseau
Goethe-Storm & Stress
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Storm and Stress Movement 狂飙运动
Strong Germany
Agricultural and economic reforms
Educational system improvement
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Romanticism VS Neo-classicism
In a more general snds in contrast with Neoclassicism.
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9
The leading Romanticists
in England
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Romanticism (literature)
The term “romantic” originally means “romancelike”—resembling the fanciful character of medieval romances.
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Origin
By the late 18th century in France and Germany, literary taste began to turn from classical and neoclassical conventions to Romanticism.