长江大学国际学院2011-2012学年度第1学期《管理会计学》试卷考试方式：闭卷满分：100分时间：2小时姓名：学号：班级：专业：考生注意：1、所有考题请回答在考卷指定位置上；2、请考生务必把专业、班级、学号及姓名填写在试卷上。

I Single Choice （1'× 15 = 15'）1.Several factors affect the classification of a cost as direct or indirect. ( )A. The materiality of the cost in questionB. Cost allocationC. Cost assignmentD. Cost object2.A ( ) remains unchanged in total for a given time period, despite wide changes in the related level of total activity or volume.A. Variable costB. Fixed costC. Direct costD. Indirect cost3.If your inventory balance at the beginning of the month was ＄1,000,you bought $300 during the month ,and sold ＄300 during the month, what would be the balance at the end of the month. （）A. $1000B. $800C. $1200D. $2004.The total costs is the sum of fixed costs and variable costs. Fixed costs is ＄2,000 at all quantities of units sold within the relevant range, variable cost per unit is ＄150, so total costs at40 units sold equal ( )A. $7,800B. $8,000C. $6,800D. $5,0005. At the breakeven point, operating income is by definition ( )A. $1B. $0C. Not sureD. - $16.Operating leverage describes the effects that fixed costs have on changes in operating income as changes occur in units sold and contribution margin. Contribution margin is $3,600.Operating income is $1,600,the degree of operating leverage is ( )A. 2.25B. 1.67C. 0.67D. 1A. $230+$14XB.$400+$20XC. $230+$14.98XD.$200+420XContribution margin ration is 20%, please use the Variable Costs Addition Method,the sale price of candy is ( )A.$50.00 B$100.00 C.$45.00 D.$56.009.( ) is any cost that is primarily subject to the influence of a given responsibility center manager for a given period.A. The opportunity costB. The sunk costC. The controllable costD. The quality cost10. The starting point for the operating budget is generally ( )A. The product budgetB. The profit budgetC. The costs budgetD. The revenues budget11.V arious cost-behavior patterns. Select the graph that matches the numbered manufacturing cost data. Indicate by letter which graph best fits the situation or item described.Electricity bill---a flat fixed charge, plus a variable cost after a certain number of kilowatt-hours are used, in which the quantity of kilowatt-hours used varies proportionately with quantity of units produced. ( )A BC D12. which aren’t the categories of costs associated with goods for sale.( )A. Purchasing costsB. Ordering costsC. Postsales-service costsD. Carrying costs13. In the Top-spin, he carbon-fiber machine costs ＄200,000，has a five-year expected useful lift and generates $100,000 uniform cash flow each year. he payback period is ( )A.2 yearsB.1 yearsC. 3.8 yearsD.4 years14. Various cost-behavior patterns. Select the graph that matches the numbered manufacturing cost data. Indicate by letter which graph best fits the situation or item described.City water bill, which is computed as follows:First 1,000,000 gallons $1,000 flat feeNext 10,000 gallons $0.003 per gallon usedNext 10,000gallons $0.006 per gallon usedNext 10,000gallons $0.009 per gallon usedAnd so on and so onThe gallons of water used vary proportionately with the quantity of production.( )A BC D15. The selling prices computed under cost-plus pricing are prospective prices. Suppose Aste’s initial product design results in a $750 full cost for ProvalueⅡ.Assuming a 12% marup, Astel sets a prospective price of ( )A. $780B. $660C. $825D.$840ⅡMultiple-choice （4'× 9= 36'）1. Recording the costs of resources acquired and used allows managers to see how behave. Consider two basic types of cost-behavior patterns found in many accounting systems. There are ( )A. Variable costsB. Direct costsC. Fixed costsD. Indirect costs2. Most professional accounting organizations around the globe issue statements about professional ethics. There are ( )A. CompetencyB. ConfidentialityC. IntegrityD. Credibility3. What guidelines do management accountants use? ( )A. Employ a cost-benefit approachB. Recognize behavioral as well as technical considerationC. Identify different costs for different purposesD. The key management accounting guidelines4. We define three sectors of the economy and provide examples of companies in each sector. There are ( )A. Manufacturing-sector companiesB. Merchandising-sector companiesC. Service-sector companiesD. Direct material costs5.You have seen how CVP analysis works, please think about the following assumptions(假设) we made during the analysis. There are ( )A. Changes in the levels of revenues and costs arise only because of changes in the number ofproduct (or service) units sold.B. Total costs can be separated into two components: fixed costs and variable costs.C. Selling price, variable cost per unit, and total fixed costs are known and constant.D. When represented graphically, the behaviors of total revenues and total costs are linear inrelation to units sold within a relevant range.6. Be sure you understand that to be relevant costs and relevant revenues they must ( )A. Occur in the futureB. Occur in the pastC. differ among the alternative courses of actionD. Revenues and costs are relevant.7. Major influences on pricing decisions is ( )A. customersB. CompetitorsC. CostsD. Suppliers8. The light and dark blue boxes in the exhibit are the financial budget, which is that part of ( )A. The capital expenditures budgetB. The operating budgetC. The budgeted balance sheetD. The cash budget9. Describe the perspectives of the balance scorecard .That are ( )A. Financial perspectiveB. Customer perspectiveC. Postsales-service ProcessD. Learning-and-growth perspectiveIII Judgment （1'×10= 10'）1. Management accounting information and reports do not have to follow set principles or rules. ( )2. Cost object is the collection of cost data in some organized way by means of an accounting system. ( )3. Relevant range is the band of normal activity level or volume in which there is a specific relationship between the level of activity or volume and the cost in question.( ) 4. The breakeven point (BEP) is that quantity of output sold at which total revenues equal total costs. ( )5. High-low Method estimates cost functions by classifying various cost account as variable, fixed, or mixed with respect to the identified level of activity. ( )6. Book value of existing equipment is a past (historical or sunk) cost and therefore, is irrelevant in equipment-replacement decisions. ( )7. Opportunity cost is the contribution to operating income that is forgone by not using a limited resource in its next-best alternative use . ( )8. A responsibility accounting system could either exclude all uncontrollable costs from a manager’s performance report or segregare such costs from the controllable costs. ( )9. Variable costing and absorption costing differ in only one respect: how to account for fixed manufacturing costs. Under variable costing, fixed manufacturing costs are excluded from inventoriable costs and are a cost of the period in which they are incurred. ( ) 10. Under Variable costing, fixed manufacturing cost are inventoriable and become a part of goods sold in the period when sales occur. ( )IV Calculation（39'）1. (7') CD word is an independent electronics store that sells blank compact disks. CD Word purchases the CDs from Sontek at ＄14 a package (each package contains 10 disks).Sontek pays for all incoming freight. No inspection is necessary at CD world because Sontek supplies quality merchandise. CD word′s annual demand is 2,000 packages,at a rate of 250 packages per week. The purchase-Order lead time is two weeks. Relevant ordering cost per purchase order is ＄100.Relevant carrying cost per package per year is ＄10.Required:(1) calculate the EOQ from CD(2) calculate the number of orders that will be placed each year(3) calculate the reorder point for CD2.（7'）CVP computations. Fill in the blanks for each of the following independent cases.3.（10'）Returning to the Top-Spin carbon-fiber machine project, assume that Top-Spin is a nonprofit organization and that the expected additional operating cash inflows are $100,000 in years 1 through 5 and $90,000 in year 5.The net initial investment is $371,000(new machine,$300,000 plus additional working capital,$60,000 minus terminal disposal value of old machine,$11,000).All other facts are unchanged a five-year useful life, no terminal disposal value, and an 8% RRR. Year 5 cash inflows are $100,000, which includes a $10,000 recovery of working capital. (P∕A,8%,5)=3.993 (P∕A,10%,5)=3.791 (P∕A,12%,5)=3.605 Calculate the following:(1) Net present value(2) Payback(3) Internal rate of return4. Mary Frost is considering selling DO-All software, a home-office software package, at a computer convention in Chicago. The selling price is ＄200,the variable cost a is ＄120.She must pay to computer conventions, Inc. offers Mary three rental alternatives:Option 1: ＄2000 fixed feeOption 2: ＄800 fixed fee plus 15%of convention revenues.A. (1) calculate the breakeven point in units for option 1 and option 2(2) calculate the degree of operating leverage at sales of 40 units for the teorental options.(At this quantity, Mary’s operating income is ＄1200 )B. Suppose Mary choose option 2 ,she would pay ＄800 fixed fee and 15% of conventionrevenues. The selling price is ＄200 ,the variable costs is ＄120.Mary anticipates selling 40 units at the convention. Mary’s operating income will be ＄1200,Mary is considering placing an advertisement describing the product and its features in the convention brochure. The advertisement will cost ＄500.This cost is a fixed cost because it will not change regardless of the number of units Mary sells. She thinks that advertising will increase sales by 10% to44 packages.(1) The following table presents the CVP analysis, please fill in the blanks.Should Mary advertise?(2) Suppose Mary decides not to advertise. Mary is contemplating whether to reduce the selling price to $175. At this price, she thinks she will sell 50 units. At this quantity, the software wholesaler who supplies DO-All software will sell the packages to Mary for $115 per unit instead of 120.Shold Mary reduce the selling price? Please give a CVP shows.。