托福口语讲义Task 1 Personal Preference➢This question asks the test taker to express and defend a personal choice from a given category. For example, important people, places, events, or activities that the test taker enjoys.➢Example: Describe a day that you enjoy the most or is the most special for you, include reasons and details to support your response.ExampleQ：Choose a place you go to often that is important to you and explain why it is important. Please include specific details in your explanation.1.Important Points➢People who listen to your response should be able to easily follow the progression of your ideas. Responses scored at the highest level contain ideas supported with details and elaboration that go beyond simple sculpture. For example, the response “I like this place because it is nice” does not have enough detail. Why is this place nice? Developing this idea more might look like this: “I like this place because it is quiet and peaceful. Listening to the ocean waves on the beach relaxes me and helps me to relieve stress.”2.Sample Answer➢3. Rater Comments➢ The speaker continues speaking throughout the entire 45 seconds. She speaksclearly using a variety of vocabulary and a wide range of grammar. Her reasons are well developed. She uses specific details about why France is an important place for her. Instead of just saying, “I’m interested in this place because it is interesting,” she elaborates by talking about her friend, her interest in France history and culture from a young age, and the food. There is a logical progression of ideas that makes the response easy to understand.4. Basic Expressions➢ TOPICMy point of viewis ….2.I Would say that …3.I remember …TestQ: Your school has a program that allows students to visit work places. Which place would you choose to observe and learn about?➢ A science laboratory➢ A business office➢ A Television studio1. Choose a Topic ：➢ I would like to visit a science laboratory.➢ I’d put a science laboratory at the first place.➢ Going to a business office has been my dream for a while.POINT 1.That's because 2.Beacuse of 3.The reason why DETAIL 1.For example 2.Like 3.What I mean is 4.In other words. 5. For instance 6. I remember 7. Second 8. Another reason why ... is that...➢I would definitely choose a television studio to have a look at.2.Structure 1➢Watching TV is my daily routine.➢I want to be a presenter in the future3.Detail➢I want to know how a TV program is created.➢I’m dreaming of being a TV presenter in the future，but I have no idea if it is too difficult to me.➢I can learn a lot, such as how to work with camera.➢Make some friends.4.Sample AnswerWithout a doubt, I would definitely visit a television studio. There are some reasons for it. First of all, I am a big fan of watching TV. It would be a fantastic experience to observe how a TV program is made. Secondly, I have a dream that one day I will be an influential TV presenter in China. But I have no idea how hard it is to be an excellent one. I guess I could learn how to prepare in advance, how to work with the camera and how to behave accident happens. Last but not least, I might be able to make some friends who are working in the studio.Practice➢Talk about a book you have read that was important to you for some reason.Explain why the book was important to you. Give specific details and examples to explain your answer.➢Choose a place you go to often that is important to you and explain why it is important. Please include specific details in your explanation.➢Parents need to make sure their children lead healthy lives. What can parents do to help their children have healthy lifestyles? (31)➢Students often like to study with others in a group. What do you think are the benefits of group study? Give at least one benefit. Explain your reasons. (32) ➢ A friend of yours wants to go to university next year but cannot decide on a major field of study. What advice would you give your friend to help make thisdecision? (33)➢Your university plans to open a café inside the campus library. Do you think this is a good idea? Explain why or why not. (34)➢Talk about a country or culture that you would like to learn more about. What is the country or culture and why would you like to learn more about it? (40) ➢Talk about a person that you admire. Explain why you respect this person. (41)TASK 2 Choice➢This question asks the test taker to make and defend a personal choice between two contrasting behaviors or courses of action.1.Type of Questions➢Would you like to be younger or older than now?➢Do you agree or disagree with the statement that high school should have music class?2.Guide➢Support A or B➢Agree or disagree➢Depends on different situationExampleQ: Some students choose to take courses in a variety t of subject areas in order to get a broad education. Others choose to focus on a single subject area in order to have a deeper understanding of that area. Which approach to course selection do you think is better for students and why?3.Important Points➢In this question, you are asked to make a choice between two given options. In a complete, well-developed response, you should clearly state your choice/preference.You may choose both options, but you must support both of them with reasons thatare detailed. If you think taking a variety of courses is better, make an example:”Taking a variety of courses is better because it gives you an opportunity to learn about subjects outside of your field of study. Because so many fields of study are related, you never know when knowledge from one area will be helpful in another.”This kind of response clearly shows which option was chosen and includes a detailed reason why it was chosen.4.Sample Response➢5.Rater Comments➢The speaker gives a thoughtful, sustained answer with ideas that progress logically.He speaks fluently and demonstrates good control of grammar and vocabulary, with only minor errors that do not obscure the meaning of his ideas. The speaker very clearly states his opinion that the answer depends on whether you are an undergraduate or a graduate student. He continues by giving a detailed reason that supports each perspective.TestQ: Do you think sports courses should be a required a part of every school day? 1.Key Points:➢Agree or Disagree.➢Why you agree or disagree?➢Reason and detail.2. Sample Note➢Agree.➢Reason:Doing sports helps the physical fitness of students.Play as a team improve their friendship3. Point➢Helps the physical fitness of students.➢Play as a team improve their friendship4. Detail➢Movement coming from physical exertion during exercise promotes circulation of blood to all body parts.➢Playing as a team is able to notify their role and worth to reach the same goal.So helps improve their friendship.5. Sample Answer➢From my point of view, sports courses from an essential part of children's education for many reasons. First of all, doing sports helps maintain the physical fitness of students. Movement coming from physical exertion during the exercise promotes circulation of blood to all parts of body. Thus, it results in vigor and stamina which help to prevent diseases and sickness. Moreover, exercise develops sportsmanship among the students. When they play as a team, they are able to identify their role and worth to reach the same goal. It also helps improve their friendship and personality. Therefore, I think sports course should be mandatory in school.Practice➢Some people believe that television has had a positive influence on society. Others believe it has had negative influence on society. Which do you agree with and why?Use details and examples to explain your opinion.➢Some college students choose to take courses in a variety of subject areas in order to get a broad education, Others choose to focus on a single subject area in order to have a deeper understanding of that area. Which approach to course selection do you think is better for students and why?➢Some students prefer to work on class assignment by themselves. Other believe it is better to work in a group. Which do you prefer? Explain why.➢Some people think that materials printed on paper, such as books and newspapers, will one day be replaced by electronic version of those materials. Others believethat printed materials will always be popular. Which point of view do you agree with? Explain why. (40)-ITEM➢Some people believe it is important for universities to provide funding for student entertainment, such as movies or concerts on campus. Others believe that university money should only be used for academic purposes. Which view do you agree with? Explain why. (41)-INCIDENT➢Some people prefer living in a big city. Other people prefer living in the countryside, away from urban areas. Which do you think is better? Explain why using specific details in your explanation. (42)-PLACE➢Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Artists and musicians are important to a society. Use details and examples to explain your answer. (45)-PERSON➢Some people like to shop in large grocery stores and department stores. Other people prefer to shop in small specialty stores or shops. Which do you prefer?Explain why (48)-PLACE➢Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the future, people will read fewer books than they do today. Use specific examples and details to support your opinion. (47)-INCIDENTTASK 3➢Preparation: 30″➢Response: 60″➢Article Length: at least 100wordsStructure of reading and listening1.Reading2. Listening3. Response➢ State the opinion of one of the students. ➢ Usually, one person would speak more than the other one.➢ The question would be about this person’s opinion.EXAMPLETwo types Letter Suggestion from student Announcement Decision made by school Opinion Agree Reasons Details Disagree ReasonsDetails1.The purposes of reading passage➢The proposal would not be repeated in listening material.➢The reasons and details would not be given completely in listening material.2.How to read the article3. Listen to the conversation4. Proposed Structure of Response➢ 15s, 1句话陈述文章中的提议或决定+1句话陈述对话中人物的态度➢ 20-25s, 1句话陈述第一个理由+2-3句话陈述支持第一个理由的细节➢ 20-25s, 1句话陈述第二个理由+2-3句话陈述支持第二个理由的细节5. Important Points:➢ The university plans to eliminate the bus service because it is too expensive to runand too few students use it. The man disagree s with the university’s plan. He believes the reasons few students take the bus is that the route goes to neighborhoods where students do not live. If the routes were changed, many more students would ride the bus.➢ The man also disagrees with the way the university plans to use the money it saveson the bus service. Building more parking lots on campus will encourage more students to drive on campus. This would increase noise and traffic on campus.6. Sample Answer •Normally, it will be given in the first or the first two sentences.STEP 1What is the proposal or suggestion?•Practice, form your own habit to save time.STEP2Note key words in your own way.•Remember the relation of reasons and results.STEP3Instead of writing a lot, try to comprehend.•Pay attention to the beginning of the listening.STEP 1Gender / Attitude•Generally, there would be 2 reasons for the person’s opinion.STEP2record reasons and details➢7.Rater Comments:➢The speaker gives a clear and coherent response that is detailed and accurate. He speaks quickly, but this does not prevent him from being understood. He very clearly states the man’s opinion and summarize the man’s reasons for having that opinion.He uses complex grammatical structures and a wide variety of appropriate vocabulary. As a result, his speech seems to flow automatically.8.Model➢In the letter the student suggests that …／In the announcemnet the university decides to...➢The female/male speaker thinks it’s a good/bad idea f or the following reasons.➢First, ...➢Second,...TestQ: ReadingCourses to Be Discontinued➢University administration announced yesterday that the sculpture program, a division of the art department, will be eliminated. “The main reason is a lack of student interest” reported one administrator. “Although the number of art student has increased, fewer and fewer art majors are taking sculpture professor is retiring this year. “Given the art limited budget,” the administrator explained,” It just doesn’t make sense to hire a new full-time professor to teach sculpture for only a handful of students.Listening➢(man) Everything all right?(woman) Yeah, I’m just upset about that article I showed you this morning.(man) Why? What’s the big deal?(woman) Well, as an art major, I think it’s a big loss for the department. The university’s got it all wrong.(man) What do you mean?(woman) Well, the low enrollment isn’t because art majors don’t want to take these classes, problem is who has time to take them when there are so many other requirements?(man) I don’t understand.(woman) See, the classes th ey’re eliminating are all optional. The required courses are mostly painting and drawing, and they take up all our time. What we really need are different requirements. Then art majors could take a better variety of classes, all the things we’re interested in.(man) That makes sense. But the thing about the professor …(woman) Well, that’s true. But still, they’re being drastic. If money is the problem, they could hire a part-time professor. Or most of the professors in the department have secondary fields.(man) Really?(woman) Yeah! At least a few painting teachers are also great sculptors. I’m sure one of them could teach the class.QuestionThe woman expresses her opinion of the change that has been announced. State her opinion and explain her reasons for holding that opinionNote:➢T: Woman disagrees with itR1: students are too busy to take the sculpture classD: students are all busy taking required classes, which are limited to drawing or painting; school should offer more required classesR2: no need to hire a full time professorD: part time professors are inexpensive; existing professors can teach sculpture class;they have secondary fieldsSample Answer➢ The university plans to cancel the sculpture class, because not many students take itand the school can’t afford a full time professor. In the conversation, the women disagree with the school’s decision. First of all, students are all busy taking required classes such as drawing and painting. She thinks the school should make the required courses less limited by offering more of them. And second, she thinks saving money is not an excuse. Many teachers in the department have secondary fields. She believes the department who’s both capable and willing to teach the sculpture class. Not to mention the option of hiring part-time teachers which is inexpensive.TASK 4 Academic Course➢ The question asks the test taker to combine and convey important information fromthe reading passage and the lecture excerpt. TopicListeningTypes of questions➢ Using the example from the lecture, explain the concept of entertainmentTwo typesOne exampleComplete story Two examplesDifferent stories, two sides of the concept.merchandising.➢Using the example discussed by the professor, explain what cognitive dissonance is and how people often deal with it.➢Explain how the examples from the professor’s lecture illustrate the relationship between verbal and nonverbal communication.EXAMPLE1.How to read the article2.Listen to the conversation3. Important Points4.Sample Answer5.Rater CommentsTestQ: ReadingListeningTASK 5 Campus Situation Topic：Problem／Solution➢The question asks the test taker to demonstrate an understanding of the problem and to express an opinion about solving the problem.Topic:➢Campus life➢Time confliction➢Study and LifeRational Structure➢Problem➢Solution➢Reasons➢Elaborate around the key point of the conversation. Use reasons from the conversationStructure of conversation➢Discuss a problem➢The first solution➢The second solutionStep1.The description of the question is complicated usually, need to be concluded.2.Write down the two solutions with rational structure.Solution1Solution2ResponseExample1.Important Points2.Sample Answer3.Rater CommentsTest1.Question2.The Problem3. Solution 14. Solution 2Task 6 Academic Course Topic ：Summary➢ The question asks the test taker to summarize the lecture and demonstrate anunderstanding of relationship between the examples and the overall topic. ➢ Topic ：Subjects you could choose in universityStructure of LectureQuestionImportant Points➢Step 1 The beginning of the lecture doesn’t need to be stated, just for you to comprehend the theme.➢Step 2 Find the Strategy Explanation ExampleResponseModelTest➢Important Points。