26个英文字母及音标[ei] B b[bi:] C c[si:]A a【F f[ef]D d[di:]E e[i:]G g[d3i:]H h[eit∫]I i[ai]~J jK k[kei]L l[el][d3ei]、M m[em]N n[en]O o[əu]P p[pi:]Q q[kju:]R r[ɑ:]/S s[es]T tU u[ju:][ti:]V v[vi:]W w[′dʌblju:]X x[eks]|Z z[zi:][zed]Y y[wai]以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如:1)含元音音素[ei]字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk音标: [ei] [eit∫] [d3ei] [kei]2) 含元音音素[i:]字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv 音标: [bi:] [si:] [di:] [i:] [d3i:] [pi:] [ti:] [vi:]3) 含元音音素[e]字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz音标: [ef] [el] [em] [en] [es] [eks] [zed]4) 含元音音素[ju:]字母: Uu Qq Ww 音标: [ju:] [kju:] [`d ʌblju:] 5) 含元音音素[ai]字母: Ii Yy音标: [ai] [wai]—英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。
对于初学者来说,若采用集中教学,要学会48个音素的发音并区别开。
确实不易。
笔者对音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法,即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。
英语音标讲解及练习英语共有48个音标,其中辅音音标28个,元音音标20个。
记得我们小学认字的时候就是从拼音开始,英语中的音标就充当了汉字中的拼音角色,辅音相当于声母,元音相当于韵母。
先来看元音音标,里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。
:]כ] [单元音:[i:] [i] [e] [æ] [a:] [۸] [ə:] [ə] [u:] [u] [כ双元音:[ai] [ei] [iə] [əu] [uə] [au] [eə] [כi]辅音音标:分为清辅音和浊辅音,清辅音发音时声带不振动,浊辅音发音时声带振动。
清辅音:[p][t][k][f][s][θ][∫][ts] [t∫][tr][h][l]浊辅音:[b][d][g][v][z] [ð] [ʒ] [dz] [dʒ] [dr][r][m][n][ŋ][w][j]/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/meet/mi:t//i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik//e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help//æ/ fat/fæt/ have/hæv/ cat/kæt/ back/bæk/ hat/hæt/,/a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/ / ɔ:/ horse/hɔ: s/ saw/sɔ:/ corn/kɔ:n/ course/kɔ:s/ salt/sɔ:t/ / ɔ / dog/dɔg/ pot/pɔt/ cost/kɔst/ what/wɔt/ honest/′ɔnist/ /u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/noon/nu:n//u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud/ / ʌ / must/mʌst/ does/dʌz/ money/′mʌni/ ugly/′ʌgli/come/kʌm//ə:/ nurse/nə:s/ bird/bə:d/ burn/bə:n/ turn/tə:n/ girl/gə:l/ /ə / better/betə/ never/nevə/ worker/wə:kə/welcome/welkəm//ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eidʒ/ /əu/ no/nəu/ home/həum/ hope/həup/ wrote/rəut/note/nəut/ pose/pəuz/*/ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ bike/baik/kite/kait//au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ ə′baut/south/sauθ/ house/haus//ɔi/ boy/bɔi/ toy/tɔi/ noise/nɔiz/ voice/vɔis/ point/pɔint/ coin/kɔin//iə/ ear/iə/ near/niə/ idea/ai′diə/ hear/hiə/ mere/miə/ spear/spiə//εə/ air/εə/ tear/tεə/ care/kεə/ dare/dεə/ fair/fεə/ there/ðεə//uə/ tour/tuə/ poor/puə/ sure/ʃuə/ moor/muə/(停泊)your/juə//p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tɔp/ cap/kæp/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid//b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blæk/ bear/bεə//t/ let/let/ sat/sæt/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid//d/ led/led/ sad/sæd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/diə/)/k/ lack/læk/ take/teik/ clock/klɔk/ class/kla:s/weekend/′wi:kend//g/ big/big/ lag/læg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gʌm/ good/gud/ guest/gest//f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/sə:f/favorite/′feivərit//v/ very/′veri/ five/faiv/ fever/′fi:və/ serve/sə:v/never/′nevə//θ/ bath/ba:θ/(v洗澡) thick/θik/ mouth/mauθ/breath/breθ/(n呼吸)thought/θɔ:t/ author/´ɔθə/ truth/tru:θ//ð/ the/ ðə/ they/ðei/ that/ðæt/ mother/′mʌðə/ thus/ ðʌs/ then/ðen//s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/kæps/likes/laiks/ stops/stɔps//z/ close/kləuz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/bɔiz/ pens/penz/halves/ha:vz//tʃ/ catch/kætʃ/ cheap/tʃi:p/ rich/ritʃ/ watch/wɔtʃ/ child/tʃaild/ question/kwestʃən/ teach/ti:tʃ/ challenge/tʃælindʒ/}/dʒ/ orange/′ɔridʒ/ large/la:dʒ/ juice/dʒu:s/ job/dʒɔb//tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/trʌbl/ track/træk/ /dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/driŋk/hundred/′hʌndrid//ʃ/ she/ʃi:/ sharp/ʃa:p/ fish/fiʃ/ shock/ʃɔk/ shoe/ʃu://ʒ/ pleasure/′pleʒə/ measure/′meʒə/ television/′teliviʒən//ts/ let′s/lets/ sports/spɔ:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/seats/si:ts//dz/ hands/hændz/ birds/bə:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/ stands/stændz//h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/hə:d/ half/ha:f//l/ like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/lə:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait//m/ my/mai/ more/mɔ:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/mind/maind/ men/men/【/n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/fine/fain//ŋ/ sing/siŋ/ wing/wiŋ/ ring/riŋ/ long/lɔŋ/beautiful/bju:təfl//j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/′mju:zik/ student/′stju:dnt/ excuse/ik′skju:z//w/ work/wə:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/wɔt/twelve/twelv/ twin/twin//r/ red/red/ road/rəud/ write/rait/ wrong/rɔŋ/problem/′prɔbləm/音标综合练习1./i:/ /i/ /e/ /æ//bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /riəl/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ /fil/bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill/pet/ /pæk/ /gæp/ /kæg/ /næg/ /ræm/ /bætl/ /sed/ /′hæpi/ /ten/ /red/pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red/′setl/ /træʃ/ /di′pend/settle trash depend2./a:/ / ɔ:/ / ɔ / /u:/ /u//a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /ɔd/ /lɔ:n/ /nɔ:t/ /pɔ:z/ /fɔks/ /sɔk/ask mask past France odd lawn naught pausefox sock/fa:/ /la:dʒ / /ma:k/ /lɔ:d/ /tɔ:/ /stɔ:m/ /pɔt/ /krɔp/ /θɔt/ /prɔmis/far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought promise/huk/ /lu:s/ /sut/ /tuk/ /mud/ /θru:/ /pul/ /wud/ hook loose soot took mood through pull woodappear Colombia/mətiəriəl/ /mistiəriəs/material mysterious5./θ/ /ð//mʌnθ/ /θi:f/ /ðæt/ /ðæn/ /feiθ/ /tə′geðə/ /θæŋk/ /ðəm′selvz/month thief that than faith together thank themselves。