Lesson 47 Too high a price 代价是否太高New words and expression 生词和短语pollution n..污染相应词型: pollute, polluted, pollution, polluterair pollution water pollution noise pollution information pollutionpollutant n.污染物chemical pollutantpollute v.污染More and more water is been polluted.Pollution is the major problem we are faced with.Gases from cars are one of the polluters of air pollution.eg. Peking is heavily polluted. pollute one's mind 污染心灵polluter A polluter is someone or something that pollutes the environment. 污染者; 污染源innocent adj.无害的，无污染的an innocent glass of wateroverpopulated adj.人口多的overpeopledpopulate v.居住于If an area is populated by certain people or animals聚居; 栖息eg. The north-east of the U.S.A is populated mainly by farmers.美国东北部的居民主要是农民。
densely populated人口多的（人口密度过大的）/heavily populated /thickly populated /over populated sparsely populated [‘spɑ:sli] 人口稀少的稀疏地；贫乏地/thinly populated /under populatedshift population流动人口population explosion 人口爆炸sparsely-populated community 人口稀疏的地区== sparsely-peopledpopulation 人口数量What’s the population in your country? The city has a population of two million.populous [‘pɒpjələs] adj. 正式，强调一个地区人口众多，拥挤The narrow street is populous with people.The most populous province in China is SiChuan.over-industrialized adj.过度工业化的commercialization 商品化-(z)ation …化industrialization 工业化denationalization私有化desertification沙漠化sheer [ʃɪə(r)] adj.纯粹的，不掺杂的（只做定语）1.pure unmixed 纯粹的[ADJ n] [强调]2.steep [sti:p] 陡峭的; 完全垂直的It is very difficult for us to climb sheer mountain. The cliff is so sheer that you can’t climb it.plete完全的What are you talking about sheer nonsense?4.Transparent [træns’pærənt]透明的ladies and girls would like to wear sheer silk stockings.sheer luck实在是运气sheer stupidity 太蠢了the sheer weight 净重the sheer size净尺寸the sheer volume总体积(use to emphasize how heavy or big something is)eg. The sheer area of China is bigger than the whole Europe.mere 仅仅（程度低）a mere 20 miles 仅20英里 a mere childworldwide adv.在全世界（adj. 全世界的adv. 在世界各地）nationwide adj.全国范围的，举国上下的world wide web 万维网overwhelm [,əʊvə’welm] v.制服，使不知所措(淹没；压倒；受打击；覆盖；压垮)1、(强烈地影响而) 使不知所措If you are overwhelmed by a feeling or event, it affects you very strongly,2、彻底制服; 击败If a group of people overwhelm a place or another group, they gain complete control or victory over them.He was overwhelmed by grief.悲伤至极Grief seized him.Your kindness quite overwhelms me. （I appreciates your kindness.）The problem overwhelmes (is beyond/above) me.辨析：conquer征服，占领，克服He conquered the city.口头上表达克服困难：overcome, get rid of (difficulties)be overwhelmed with sorrow不胜悲伤be overwhelmed with his generosity 不胜感激（对他的慷慨）overwhelming majority 压倒多数overwhelming victory 压倒性的胜利pollute v.污染pesticide n.杀虫剂-cide -icide 杀死Genocide [‘dʒenəsaɪd]种族灭绝犹太人，塞黑，卢旺达Suicide insecticide [ɪn’sektɪsaɪd] 杀虫剂herbicide [‘hɜ:bɪsaɪd] 除草剂Herb [hɜ:b] 草本植物，香草，草药herbal adj. 草药的；草本的herbal essence草本精华Chinese herbal prescription中草药组方fertilizer n.肥料（（天然或化学的））fertilize vt 施肥；使受精; 使授粉词根：fertileadj. fertile 富饶的，肥沃的；能生育的n. fertility 多产；肥沃；[农经] 生产力；丰饶fertilizer [肥料] 肥料；受精媒介物；促进发展者==fertiliser 化肥（等于fertilizer）fertilisation 受精（等于fertilization）；施肥fertile soil肥沃的土壤fertile imagination 丰富的想象力fertile mind活跃的思维fertile brain活跃的大脑productive adj.高产量的a productive hen a productive writer<-> sterile [‘steraɪl] adj.贫瘠的(不育的；无菌的；贫瘠的；不毛的；)salmonella [,sælmə’nelə] n.沙门氏菌通常寄居在人或动物肠道内。
它主要污染动物性食品，包括禽畜类、蛋类、奶类及其制品。
如果没有彻底加热，则可能感染。
fungus [‘fʌŋɡəs] n.菌，真菌，菌类植物术语，菌类edible fungus 食用菌；木耳chinese caterpillar fungus 冬虫夏草Edible [‘edəbl] adj.可食用的、适宜食用的Edible Mushroom 食用菌Inedible adj.不可以吃的、不适宜食用的disinfectant [,dɪsɪn’fektənt] n.杀菌剂bacteria (系bacterium的复数形式)，泛指任何在动植物体中广泛传播的微生物细菌，其中有的对生命体无害，有的能导致传染病或严重疾病，如天花、霍乱等。
n.病菌，细菌germ [dʒɜ:m] 微生物的俗称，专指引起人体生命的病菌。
n.病菌virus 技术用语，特指病毒或过滤性病原体。
n.病毒，（引起传染病）bug 非正式用词，指细菌或由病毒所引起的传染病。
microbe [‘maɪkrəʊb] 本义指在显微镜下才能见到的微生物，现在多指引起疾病的细菌。
n.微生物Musty ['mʌstɪ] a.陈腐的，落伍的；发霉的，有霉味的在发霉的意义上==mouldyMould [məʊld] n. 模具，铸模；（人的）个性，类型；霉，霉菌；耕作土壤，腐殖土v. （用模具）浇铸，塑造；对……施加影响；将…塑造成；紧贴于，吻合（轮廓）；使长霉词根：mould adj. mouldy 发霉的；旧式的；腐朽的musty rooms musty book musty bread musty foodstale ：[steɪl] 陈的（not fresh）食物，空气，地方，活动，主义等不新鲜，缺乏新鲜感等stale bread 陈的面包 a stale job 乏味的工作stereotyped adj. 老一套的，过了时的routine adj. 平淡乏味的listeria [lɪ’stɪriə] n.利斯特杆菌是产生致命性细菌食物中毒的原因之一李斯特菌在环境中无处不在，在绝大多数食品中都能找到李斯特菌。
肉类、蛋类、禽类、海产品、乳制品、蔬菜等都已被证实是李斯特菌的感染源。
E.coli 大肠杆菌大多数肠道杆菌是正常菌群。
当免疫力降低(老人小孩)，成为条件致病菌而引起疾病常在肉类、乳品、生蔬菜、海鲜等食物中出现。
vegetarian n.吃素的人n. vegan （英）严格的素食主义者[‘vi:ɡən]vegetarianism [,vedʒə’teəriənɪzəm]素食主义vegetation: plants in general 植物，草本vegetable n.蔬菜human vegetable 植物人carnivorous [kɑ:’nɪvərəs] adj. 食肉的；肉食性的organically-grown adj.有机培植（不施化肥和其他化学药品培植）organic adj.有机的organic vegetablesgreen food: unpolluted foodorgan n.1) 器官internal organs 内部器官（组织或者人体digestive organs digest vt 消化digestion 消化2) organization 机构the organ of government3) 风琴；管风琴insidious [ɪn’sɪdiəs] adj.暗中为害的（to cause serious harm without being noticed阴险的;隐伏的;暗中为害的）insidious enemies 暗中的敌人insidious obstacles 隐藏的障碍insidious disease 隐患urban adj.城市的Urb=city urban adj. 城市的，都市的urbanize 城市化urbanization 都市化；文雅化Rural ['rʊər(ə)l] adj. 农村的，乡下的；田园的，有乡村风味的Rustic ['rʌstɪk] adj. 1、乡村的；2、纯朴的，质朴的；3、粗野的；手工粗糙的n. 乡下人；乡巴佬Downtown a.&ad在市中心，往市中心(尤指商业中心区) n.市中心区;（市中）商业区美式英语Uptown adj.&adv在(或向)市郊住宅区的;市郊住宅区的;富人区的n. 住宅区，远离商业区的市区burglar n.窃贼各类小偷pickpocket 扒手burglar 入室窃贼shoplifter 商店窃贼thief 小偷（泛指）其他罪犯smuggler 走私犯kidnapper 绑匪hijacker 劫机犯pirate 海盗burglar 指夜间撬窗破门行窃的人。