磁性元件
3. 安培定律 (Ampere’s Law )
• 不可於兩組繞線同時加上電壓源
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
• Implication of Ampere’s law
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
4. 電感 (Inductor )
Total magnetic flux linked by Nturn coil Ampere’s Law (linear model) (assume L is linear )
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
1. 法拉地定律 (Faraday’s Law)
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
2. 變壓器 (Transformer)
dφ ⎫ (t ) ⎪ v N dt ⇒ 1 = 1 dφ ⎬ v2 N 2 v2 (t ) = N 2 (t )⎪ dt ⎭ v1 (t ) = N1
•理想變壓器:Ideal transformer is lossless
v1 (t )i1 (t ) + v 2 ( t )i2 (t ) = 0
i1 N2 =− i2 N1
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
•變壓器阻抗轉換
v1 N1 = ; v2 N 2
i1 N 2 = i2 N1
V2 = Z L I 2 (Ohm' s Law)
V1
N2 N = Z L I1 1 N2 N1
2
⎛N ⎞ V1 = Z1 = ⎜ 1 ⎟ Z L ⎜N ⎟ I1 ⎝ 2⎠
Z1 = impedance, Z L , reflected into the primary side
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
變壓器方程式 (Transformer Equation)
L : Inductance, λ : flux linkage
Faraday’s Law
v=
dλ d di dL di = (Li ) = L + i =L dt dt dt dt dt
(L is constant)
電流產生磁通鏈 (安培定律)
Ideal Inductor
磁通鏈對時間的變化產生電壓 (法拉地定律)
t
= ∫ L1i1 (t )di1 (t )
0
1 2 = L1i1 (t ) 2
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
5. B-H Loop
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
• 磁性肌膚效應(Magnetic Skin Effect)
• 磁滯損
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
• Linear Core
• 弦波輸入 e
• 方波輸入 (Square wave input)
V peak
dB dφ V =N = NA dt dt
2f V peak = 2 fNABmax = 4 fNABmax
= NA∇B = NA(2 Bmax )
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
4. 電感 (Inductor ) ‧電感能量
di1 (t ) p(t ) = v1 (t ) ⋅ i1 (t ) = L1 ⋅ i1 (t ) dt
w(t ) = ∫
t 0 ii
⎡ di1 (t ) ⎤ p (t )d (t ) = ∫ ⎢ L1 i1 (t )⎥d (t ) 0 dt ⎣ ⎦
V ⋅ ∇t = 2 NABmax
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
磁通平衡 (Flux Balance)
• 防止磁通移動 (Flux Walking)造成鐵心飽和 - 氣隙鐵心 (small air-gap in the core)
- 小串聯電組 - 直流阻隔電容
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
• Square loop core
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
• Effect of Air Gap
磁性元件 Magnetic Device
• Power Transfer Capability