2018年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测（一）英语2018.1本试卷共9页,满分120分,考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:1、本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A) 填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2、答选择题时,选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对于应题目选项的答题信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上，如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4、老生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AHere are four homes for sale around the U. S. with links to past, present and future presidents, as well as their close families.John F. Kennedys Weekend RetreatA modest farm near Middleburg, Virginia, was built by John F Kennedy and his wife in the early 1960s. The former first lady designed it herself. The four-bedroom property is currently back on the market for $5.95 million, decreased by $2 million compared with 2015. It was $10.99 million when it first was put up for sale in 2013.Jackie Kennedys Summer HouseAnother Kennedy-linked property for sale is the "Lasata" estate in the Hamptons, designed by architect Arthur C. Jackson and built in 1917. Set on more than seven acres of land near the ocean, it includes a 10-bedroom house that was restored in 2007, including a three-car garage building. It's on the market for $38.9 million, a little bit higher than last year.Chester A. Arthur's Summer White HouseChester A. Arthur, who became the 21st president in 1881, spent some of his down time here. The three-story, six-bedroom Victorian mansion, which was built in 1796 and has been recently restored, is for sale with a $14. 2 million price tag, down from $20 million in 2015. Features include a library with fireplace, a formal dining and living room and a family room overlooking the garden and the swimming pool.President Obama's Summer RentalThis Martha's Vineyard home served as the summer White House to PresidentObama. It is currently for sale for S19. 1 million, down from S22.5 million in July 2015. Set on nine acres of land and with its own private road, this property no doubt acted as a perfect summer hideaway for those who didn’t want their every movement seen. In addition to privacy, other features include a heated pool, half-basketball court, outdoor terraces and a two-bedroom guest cottage21. Which house has the longest history?A. President Obama’s Summer RentalB. Jackie Kennedy’s Summer HouseC. Chester A. Arthur’s Summer White HouseD. John F. Kennedy’s Weekend Retreat22. What is the feature of President Obama’s Summer Rental?A. PrivacyB. ArchitectureC. LocationD. Price.23. What do the four houses have in common?A. Their prices are going down these years.B. They have connections with US presidents.C. They have a history of more than a century.D. They have more than 5 bedrooms in the house.BIt was just one word in one email, but it caused huge financial losses for a multinational company. The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word. the receiver found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one. Months later, senior management investigated why the project had failed, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars.When such misunderstandings happen, it's usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language.A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the world's global language. They don't feel the need to accommodate or adapt to others. They often talk too fast for others to follow and use jokes, slang, short forms and references specific to their own culture. "The first time I worked in an international institution, somebody said ‘ETA 16: 53’ and I thought‘What the hell is ETA?’ ", says Michael Blatter, an executive in an international company.And then there's cultural style. When a British reacts to a proposal by saying "that's interesting", a fellow British might recognize this as "that's rubbish " But other nationalities would take the word "interesting" on face value.Also, lots of the information is not fully understood because of the complex language native speakers use. Too many non-native speakers, especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about not “losing face” and nod approvingly while not getting the message at all, because of which, the native speakers continue delivering information that makes little sense to them. The information gap is unnoticed and keeps widening.Native speakers should communicate efficiently with simple language. Whentrying to communicate in English with a group of people with different levels of fluency, it's important for native speakers to make the same point in a couple of different ways and ask for some acknowledgement, reaction and action, to know whether they've been understood or not.24. The first paragraph of the passage is written to_____.A. tell readers an interesting storyB. introduce the topic of the passageC. state the importance of EnglishD. show an example of communication25. What can we learn about Michael?A. He thinks British people talk too fastB. He feels no need to adapt to othersC. He's not a native English speaker.D. He finds British culture hard to understand26. What might cause the Asians and the French to “lose face” according to the passage?A. Being unable to use complex languageB. Being non-native English speakersC. Failing to understand native speakersD. Nodding approvingly while listening27. Native speakers are advised to ask for listeners acknowledgement in order to____.A. talk to a group of people at the same timeB. learn about listeners' levels of fluencyC. get suggestions from listenersD. check listeners' understandingCScientists have identified the order of the gene of the giraffe for the first time to help explain how the tallest animals on earth developed their remarkably long necks.Being a giraffe is not easy. To pump blood two meters up from the chest to the brain calls for a powerful heart and twice the blood pressure of other mammals. Giraffes also need special safety system to let them bend down for a drink and raise their heads again without feeling dizzy.The animals' unique body structure has long been a puzzle for biologists, including Charles Darwin. Now, by comparing the gene of the giraffe with its closest relative, the short-necked okapi, scientists have solved part of the puzzle by studying changes in a small number of genes responsible both for regulating body shape and circulation. This suggests that the development of a long neck and a powerful heart went hand in hand, driven by a relatively small number of genetic changes.The interpretation of the genetic factors behind the giraffe's remarkable heart system could also be instructive for human health, since the animals appear to avoid the kind of organ damage often found in people with high blood pressure.The more fundamental question of why giraffes developed their long necks remains open, however. The apparently self-evident idea that it was to reachever-higher food supplies has been challenged in the past 20 years by a competing belief that it is actually due to competition among fighting males for females.Unlike long-necked birds, which have additional vertebrae (椎骨), giraffes have the same seven vertebrae found in all mammals, although theirs are greatly extended.28. A strong heart is very important for a giraffe because it____.A. pumps blood to the brain high above its bodyB. keeps the blood pressure at a normal levelC. helps the giraffe find a drink at lower placesD. keeps the giraffe safe in different environments29. Scientists compare the gene of the giraffe and the short-necked okapi because the latter___.A. has a quite special body structureB. is a puzzle worth further studyC. is in the same family as the giraffeD. has gone through few genetic changes30. Which possibly caused the giraffe to develop a long neck?A. Its favorite food at high placesB. Its attempts to attract femalesC. Its need to avoid organ damage.D. Its greatly-extended vertebrae31. What's the author's purpose of writing this passage?A. To introduce a new finding of science.B. To explain genetic changes in animals.C. To describe giraffes body structure.D. To challenge a belief of twenty years.DBetty smith's first novel, A Tree Grows in Brooklyn, became immediately popular when it was published in 1943. The story is set in the years of 1900 to 1920. It tells of Francie Nolan and her parents, who were born to immigrants, and their struggle to provide for their family. Smith says she based the story on her own experiences growing up in the neighborhood of Williamsburg in Brooklyn, a borough of New York City. It's widely believed that the character of Francie is based on Smith.The tree of the book's title refers to the big Tree of Heaven which grows near the family's apartment building, despite attempts to get rid of it. It's a symbol for Francie herself. Francie is determined to survive and improve her life, despite things that get in her way: her father is an alcoholic and dies, her mother doesn't care about Francie’s dreams and her family is almost constantly poor.The novel tells the story of how Francie’s parents, Johnny and Katie Nolan, met as teenagers. Katie later became pregnant, and they married before either of them had turned 20. Despite his charm and good nature, Johnny is an alcoholic who can't hold a job. Katie supports the family by cleaning apartment buildings. This went against tradition, as the man was usually the one with the job who provided for the family. Francie enjoys learning, and idolizes her father, who shares her dreamy nature andvivid imagination. He lies to get Francie into a better school, realizing it's what will make her happiest.Readers experience the scenes in Brooklyn from Francie’s point of view. She observes the neighborhood's people and events from the fire escape outside the family’s apartment.Family plays a key role throughout A Tree Grows in Brooklyn. Katie tries hard to provide for her family when Johnny can't. The children work after-school jobs to support their mother after Johnny dies. Additionally, Francie sacrifices her savings to send her brother to school.Smith's book is still a popular read for many young women even though it's more than 70 years old.32. Which of the following is TRUE about A Tree Grows in Brooklyn?A. It is an autobiography of Betty SmithB. It is Betty smith's most popular bookC. It sets the story in New York in the 1940sD. It tells of immigrants' life in New York33. What role does the Tree of Heaven play in Francie’s life?A. It accompanies her growthB. It represents her struggle in lifeC. It contributes to her successD. It makes her dream come true34. The underlined word "This" refers to the fact that_____.A. Johnny was charming and had good natureB. Johnny married Katie before they were 20C. Katie worked as a cleaner in department buildingsD. Katie supported the family instead of Johnny35. What message does Betty Smith try to convey in A Tree Grows in Brooklyn?A. Family support is of significanceB. Men should support their familiesC. Immigrants in the US got married earlyD. Good imagination makes a great writer第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。