五年级上册英语语法知识汇总(一)一、名词复数规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanes二、（一）一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。
如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。
如：We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。
如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
（二）一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。
如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。
如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。
如：I don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。
如：He doesn't often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如：How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies三、现在进行时1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+ be + 主语+ 动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+ be + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping练习：1、写出下列各词的复数I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______child _______photo ________ diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______sandwich_____ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________2、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush_______ do_________ teach_______ pass_______3、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.）He often ________(have) dinner at home.2. ）Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.3. ）We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.4. ）Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 4、、写出下列动词的现在分词：play________ run__________ swim _________make__________go_________ like________ write________ ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1. The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girl’s _______________ (sing) in the classroom.3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .人称代词和物主代词要点归纳：一．主格( I you he she it we you they )1. 在句子中可以作主语，放于句首，后接动词。
(1) _______ am a student.(2) _______ comes from China , but ______ comes from American.(3) _______ is my aunt.二．宾格( me you him her it us you them )1. 在句子中可以作宾语，用于句尾，动词之后。
(1) The boy in the photo is _______.(2) Let ______ to play football.(3) We often go to visit __________.2. 在句子中可以作宾语，用于句尾，介词之后。
(1) The pen of ______ is the same with ______.(2) Come with ________.(3) The teacher wants you to return that book of ________.3. 人称代词作表语时,一般用宾格,特别是在日常会话中。
“Who is knocking at the door? ”“It's ________. ”----“谁在敲门?”---“是我。
”三．形容词性物主代词( my your his her it our your their )1. 形容词性物主代词一般位于名词前，用作定语，限定该名词的意义。
(1) ______ book is over there.(2) I ate all ________ sandwiches yesterday.(3) Tell Tom not to forget _______ book.四．名词性物主代词( mine yours his hers its ours yourrs theirs)1. 名词性物主代词在句中独立使用，即不后接名词，其句法作用相当于一个名词,即“形容词性物主代词+名词”。
(1) My bag is bigger than ________. =My bag is bigger than ________ _________.(2) _______ is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。
（用作主语，一般用于正式文体）(3) I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use _______? 我忘了带词典，我可以用一下你的吗？（用作动词的宾语）(4) He wasn’t in my room. He might be in _______. 他（刚才）不在我的房间。
他可能在自己的房间。
（用作介词的宾语）(5) Whose book is this? —It’s _______. 这是谁的书？——是她的。
(6) Jack is a friend of _______. 杰克是我的一个朋友。