Spray on glass/resin combination 喷涂树脂纤维混合物
Spray-Up Steps
4.
Roll out glass/resin to: 辊压
– Consolidate layers 加固
– Squeeze out air 消泡
– Conform glass around radii，更好地贴模
• Laminating 层压 – this is the process of combining the thermoset resin and reinforcement in the mold.是将树脂和增强材料糊制 成型的步骤
– rollers, brushes or squeegees are used to consolidate the laminate; wetting all fibers, releasing air and conforming to the mold.采用辊子，刷子或橡皮磙来层压成 型，使纤维被树脂浸透，与模具贴合并赶出气泡
The HLU Process
• Finishing 结束 – after consolidation is complete, excess material can be trimmed off and the part is allowed to cure, generally at ambient temperature. 多余的材料可以切掉， 在室温下固化 – The part can then be removed using wedges, grapple points or even compressed air.脱模
»Where no gelcoat is used, the first layer should be veil to form a resin rich layer for better aesthetics. 如不 用胶衣，需要采用表面毡，在部件表面形成 富树脂层，达到表面效果
The HLU Process
OCV Products 应用
• CSM ( chopped strand mat ) 短切毡 • M123, M123E: 300gsm, 380gsm,450gsm,600gsm • M137,M137E :300gsm, 380gsm,450gsm,600gsm
Applications 应用
Consumer goods: trays, skis 消费品：托盘、滑板
Compression Molding 模压工艺
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Compression Molding 模压工艺
Definition — The process using matched metal dies under high pressure to form the reinforcement and resin into the finished part. This process is suitable for molding, complex, high strength glass fiber reinforced parts using preforms, sheet molding compound (SMC) or bulk molding compound (BMC).
将短切的纤维（替代短切毡）和树脂一起喷涂于开模上，形成一面光滑的部件。
Advantages 优点
• Simple 简单 • Low mold cost 模具投资低 • Relatively low start up costs 启动成本相对低
(but not as low as hand lay-up) • Short tooling lead time, simple design changes工具准
OCV Products: P204
• OCV Products • 979
BMC
SMC Auto Applications
Exterior Class A parts 外饰件
Structural parts
结构件
Spray-Up 喷射
Spray-Up 喷射
• Definition – The process of spraying chopped fibers and resin, in place of mat type reinforcements, into an open mold resulting in a part with one finished surface.
物料浪费 – 可通过控制喷射工艺来减轻浪费
Spray-Up Steps 喷射步骤
1. Prepare mold by applying wax or mold release 模具准备，上脱模剂
Spray-Up Steps
2.
Apply gel coat 上胶衣
Spray-Up Steps
3.
采用手工方式将增强材料和树脂铺在开模中成型，获取一面为 光滑表面的部件
– Variations: （不同形式）
– Wet Transfer (pre-wet & carry)
– Dry Transfer
Resin
– Input materials: （增强 材料）
– CSM, woven roving, knits, veils, etc.短 切毡，方格布，缝编毡， 表面毡等
该工艺采用金属对模，用高压将增强材料和树脂压制成型。适用于
复杂形状，高强度要求的部件；有预成型，片状模塑料（SMC）和
团状模Re塑si料n （BMC）等
Reinforcement
What Is SMC?
SMC = Sheet Molding Compound 片状模塑料 Type of FRP consisting of:包括组分
• Labor intensive (but not as labor intensive as hand lay-up) 耗费人 工
• Only one finished surface 只有一个光滑表面 • Quality is more operator dependent 质量依赖于人工 • Higher volatile emissions 挥发较大 • Higher investment than hand lay-up 投资高于手糊 • Some material waste - minimised by controlled spraying techniques
- Thermoset FRP Processing 玻璃钢产品的生产工艺简介
Nov. 17, 2010 At NCM of China
Hand Lay-Up (HLU) 手糊工艺
• Definition - The process of hand placing successive layers of reinforcement and resin into an open mold resulting in a part with one finished surface. Also known as contact molding.
The HLU Process
– Gel Coat 上胶衣 »if a smooth, high quality surface is required, a pigmented gelcoat is applied.如需要光滑，优质表面，可以采用 彩胶
»this can be flow-coated or brushed, but preferably sprayed on.可以浇涂，刷涂但 最好用喷涂
Reinforcements Mold
Hand Lay Up – Features 手糊工艺的特点
• Large parts. 大尺寸部件 • Structural parts. 结构件 • Low to medium volumes. 中低产量订单 • Prototyping or production. 原型翻制
备时间短，设计变动容易 • Virtually no product size restrictions 无产品尺寸限制 • Color and surface options 可选不同颜色和表面 • Better suited to complex shapes 适用于复杂形状部件
Disadvantages 缺点
▪ Thermosetting resin system 树脂 ▪ Glass fiber reinforcement (roving) 玻纤增强 ▪ Fillers (Calcium Carbonate, Aluminum Trihydrate)填料 ▪ Low profile additives (thermoplastic)低收缩 助剂 ▪ Cure initiators (peroxide catalyst) 固化引发剂 ▪ Thickeners (Magnesium/Calcium Oxides)增稠剂 ▪ Mold release agents (CaSt, ZnSt)脱模剂
Spray-Up Steps
The HLU Process 手糊过程
• Mold Preparation:模具准备 – typically made of a composite with a tooling gelcoat on the surface, supported by wood or metal framing, often portable.通常在木架或金属架上做一个玻璃钢模具， 使用模具胶衣，可以是移动式的 – Clean and apply mold release (PVA, waxes, films).清洁 模具，上脱模剂
The HLU Process