【H】G P H 7 -1指导原则编号： 化学药物残留溶剂研究的技术指导原则

二OO五年三月 1 目 录 一、概述······································································································································1 二、基本内容···························································································································2 (一)残留溶剂研究的基本原则·············································································2

1、确定残留溶剂的研究对象·············································································2 2、确定残留溶剂时需要考虑的问题·····························································2 3、残留溶剂分类及研究原则·············································································4

(二)研究方法的建立及方法学验证·································································6 1、研究方法的建立···································································································6 2、方法学验证·············································································································8

(三)研究结果的分析及质量标准的制定························································9 1、残留溶剂表示方法······························································································9 2、质量标准制定的一般原则及阶段性要求··············································10 (四)需要关注的几个问题······················································································12 1、附录中无限度规定和未收载的有机溶剂·············································12 2、未知有机挥发物··································································································12 3、多种有机溶剂综合影响·················································································13 4、中间体的残留溶剂·····························································································13 5、制剂工艺对制剂残留溶剂的影响····························································14 6、辅料残留溶剂的研究及对制剂的影响··················································14 三、参考文献·························································································································14 四、附录····································································································································16 五、著者·····································································································································17

2 化学药物残留溶剂研究的技术指导原则 一、概述 药物中的残留溶剂系指在原料药或辅料的生产中、以及在制剂制备过程中使用或产生而又未能完全去除的有机溶剂。根据国际化学品安全性纲要，以及美国环境保护机构、世界卫生组织等公布的研究结果，很多有机溶剂对环境、人体都有一定的危害，因此，为保障药物的质量和用药安全，以及保护环境，需要对残留溶剂进行研究和控制。 本指导原则是在参考人用药物注册技术要求国际协调会（International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use，ICH）颁布的残留溶剂研究指导原则,美国药典（the United States Pharmacopoeia，USP）、英国药典(British Pharmacopoeia, BP)、欧洲药典(European Pharmacopoeia，EP)、中国药典(Chinese Pharmacopoeia, ChP)相关内容的基础上，结合我国药物研发的特点，通过分析、研究残留溶剂问题与药物的安全性、有效性及质量可控性之间的内在关系而制定的。本指导原则总结了对残留溶剂问题的一般认识，旨在帮助药物研发者科学合理的进行残留溶剂方面的研究，也为药物评价者提供参考。 考虑到残留溶剂研究涉及的范围比较广泛，本指导原则主要对原料药的残留溶剂问题进行讨论，并以此为基础，探讨和总结药物研究过程中对残留溶剂问题的一般性原则。药物研发者可参考本指导原则对制剂和辅料的残留溶剂问题进行研究。

1 考虑到药物研究开发的阶段性，本指导原则适用于药物研发的整个过程。 二、基本内容 （一）残留溶剂研究的基本原则 1、确定残留溶剂的研究对象 从理论上讲，药物制备过程中所使用的有机溶剂均有残留的可能，均应进行残留量的研究。但是，药物研发者可以通过对有机溶剂的性质、药物制备工艺等进行分析，提出科学合理的依据，有选择性的对某些溶剂进行残留量研究，这样，既可以合理有效的控制产品质量，又有利于降低药物研究的成本，避免不必要的浪费。因此，药物研发者在进行残留溶剂研究之前，需要首先对药物中可能存在的残留溶剂进行分析，以确定何种溶剂需要进行残留量的检测和控制。 2、确定残留溶剂时需要考虑的问题 原料药中有机残留溶剂与其制备工艺密切相关，同时也需要结合其制剂的临床应用特点来考虑如何对可能残留的溶剂进行研究。 2.1 原料药制备工艺 原料药制备工艺中可能涉及的残留溶剂主要有三种来源：合成原料或反应溶剂、反应副产物、由合成原料或反应溶剂引入。其中作为合成原料或反应溶剂是最常见的残留溶剂来源，本部分主要对此进行讨论。 影响终产物中残留溶剂水平的因素较多，主要有：合成路线的长短，有机溶剂在其中使用的步骤，后续步骤中使用的有机溶剂对之前

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本页已使用福昕阅读器进行编辑。福昕软件（Ｃ）２００５－２０１０，版权所有，仅供试用。 使用的溶剂的影响，中间体的纯化方法、干燥条件，终产品精制方法和条件等等。 2.1.1 合成路线 由于有机化学反应及后处理工艺的复杂性，对于在得到终产物之前的第几步工艺中使用的溶剂可能在终产物中残留不可能有准确定论。但是，一般来说，后面几步中使用的溶剂的残留可能性较大，因此，对于较长路线的工艺，尤其需要关注后几步所使用的各类溶剂。 2.1.2 后续溶剂的影响 后续使用的溶剂对此前使用溶剂的影响是非常复杂的，取决于各溶剂的性质、后续反应中物料状态以及后续步骤除去溶剂的方法等。 2.1.3 中间体的影响 中间体的处理方法、纯化方法和干燥条件等影响中间体的残留溶剂情况，从而影响终产品的溶剂残留情况。 2.2 制剂及其临床应用特点 控制原料药的残留溶剂，最终目的是控制制剂的残留溶剂，使之符合规定。有时候根据制剂的一些特点，可能对原料药残留溶剂的研究和限度要求进行特殊性的考虑。需要注意，以下所列的因素并不是孤立的，在考虑下列因素时需要注意它们之间的相互影响。 2.2.1 剂型、给药途径 不同制剂发挥疗效的机理不同，对其残留溶剂的要求也可能有所不同。例如注射剂与某些局部使用局部发挥药效的皮肤用制剂相比，残留溶剂的要求就可能相对比较严格。

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本页已使用福昕阅读器进行编辑。福昕软件（Ｃ）２００５－２０１０，版权所有，仅供试用。