一．容器与耗材（vessel & consumable material）小瓶vial量杯measuring cup烧杯beaker量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinderer坩埚crucible 坩埚钳crucible clamp试管test tube漏斗funnel比色皿cuvette鱼缸aquarium烧瓶flask 锥形瓶conical flask三角瓶Erlenmeyer塞子stopper/plug洗瓶plastic wash bottle玻璃活塞stopcock试剂瓶reagent bottles玻棒glass rod 搅拌棒stirring rod容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask 移液管(one-mark) pipette吸液管pipette滤器filter 滤纸filter paper培养皿culture dish移液枪pipette移液枪枪头pipette tips剃刀刀片razor blade手术刀scalpel垃圾袋disposable bag垃圾桶garbage bin橡皮筋rubber band托盘Tray铝箔aluminium foil洗耳球rubber suction bulb保鲜膜preservative film研磨钵mortar 研杵pestle小滴管dropper蒸馏装置distilling apparatus桶bucket广口瓶wide-mouth bottle离心机转子rotor 试管架test tube holder/rack酒精灯alcohol burner酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner搅拌装置stirring device石蜡封口膜Parafilm微量离心管（EP管）Eppendorf tube载玻片Slide盖玻片Cover glass离心管Centrifuge tube电泳槽Gel tank电线Electrical leads牙签Toothpick螺丝钉Screw锁紧螺母Nut, Cap nut复印纸Copy paper复写纸Carbon paper钉Nail试管刷test-tube brush计时器Timer闹钟Alarm clockU形钉Staple衣服挂钩Coat hanger电泳用的梳子Comb扳手Shifting spanner订书机Stapler订书钉staple圆珠笔芯Refill灯泡Globe记号笔marker pen注射器syringe注射器活塞plunger铁架台iron support万能夹extension clamp止水夹flatjaw pinchcock圆形漏斗架cast-iron ring橡胶管rubber tubing药匙lab spoon镊子forceps剪刀scissor打孔器stopper borerpH试纸universal ph indicator paper 称量纸weighing paper擦镜纸wiper for lens水银温度计mercury-filled thermometer真空泵vacuum pump水浴锅water bath kettle口罩respirator电极electrode阳极,正极anode阴极,负极cathode二．实验操作（manipulation）：丢弃discard转移容器decant吸出aspirate吹吸blowing and suction离心收集pellet重悬resuspend絮状沉淀flocculent precipitate 浑浊的turbid烘bake灭菌sterilize培养foster通风ventilate冷却chill down稀释dilute洗脱elute孵育incubate裂解物Lysate沉淀Sediment上清Supernatant色谱chromatograph沉淀precipitate接种inoculate蒸馏distil/distill搅拌Stir/agitate中和neutralize漂洗rinse脱水dehydrate发酵fermentation溶解dissolve燃烧combustion水解hydrolysis过滤filtrate 催化剂catalyst研磨grind破碎crush催化作用catalysis分解dissolution涡旋震荡Vortex电泳Electrophoresis抽滤suction filtration电转化electrotransformation收菌harvest切碎chop/mince灌注perfusion浆液slurry三．仪器（apparatus）恒温循环仪Thermostatic circulator 空调机Air conditionerpH计pH meter磁力搅拌器magnetic stirrer烘箱oven 微波炉microwave oven 电磁炉electromagnetic oven凝胶系统Gel system电子天平Electronic balance转接器Adapter离心机centrifuge封口设备Sealing equipment复印机Duplicator, copying machine超净工作台super clean bench通风橱fume cupboard药柜Cupboard电泳电源Electrophoresis power supply 紫外灯Ultraviolet illumination真空泵Vacuum pump天平balance/scale分析天平analytical balance台秤platform balance涡旋振荡器Vortexing machineCO2培养箱CO2 Incubators电子显微镜Electro Microscopy电泳仪Electrophoresis System酶标仪ELIASA恒流泵constant flow pump解剖镜anatomical lensPCR仪Instrument for Polymerase Chain Reaction倒置显微镜Inverted Microscope核磁共振波谱仪Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer光学显微镜Optical MicroscopypH计pH Meter摇床Shaker培养箱incubator超滤器Ultrahigh Purity Filter超低温冰箱Ultra-low Temperature Freezer 超声破碎仪Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor紫外观察灯Ultraviolet Lamp紫外-可见光分光光度计UV-Visible Spectrophotometer计算器calculato/numerator四．化学试剂（reagent）1、氨基酸丙氨酸alanine (Ala, A)缬氨酸valine (Val, V)亮氨酸leucine (Leu, L)异亮氨酸isoleucine (Ile,I)脯氨酸proline (Pro, P)苯丙氨酸phenylalanine (Phe, F)色氨酸tryptophan (Trp, W)蛋氨酸methionine (Met, M)甘氨酸glycine (Gly, G)丝氨酸serine (Ser, S)苏氨酸threonine (Thr, T)半胱氨酸cysteine (Cys, C)酪氨酸tyrosine (Tyr, Y)天冬氨酸asparagines (Asn, N)谷氨酰胺glutamine (Gln, Q)赖氨酸lysine (Lys, K)精氨酸arginine (Arg, R)组氨酸histidine (His, H)天冬氨酸aspartic acid (Asp, D)谷氨酸glutamic acid (Glu, E)2、核苷酸腺苷adenosine 鸟嘌呤核苷guanosine胞苷cytidine胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷thymidine尿嘧啶核苷uridine脱氧deoxy3、其他化学试剂二甲苯Xylene冰乙酸Acetic acid glacial硼酸Boric acid (H3BO3,61.83)氯化钙Calcium chloride巯基乙醇mercaptoethanol咪唑Imidazole盐酸胍guanidine hydrochloride无水乙醇absolute ethanol乙酸钠Sodium acetate氯化钠Sodium chloride生理盐水physiological saline洗涤剂detergent十二烷基硫酸钠Sodium dodecyl sulphate 盐酸hydrochloric acid氢氧化钠sodium hydrate/hydroxide胰蛋白胨Tryptone酵母提取物yeast extract琼脂Agar两性霉素amphotericin氨苄Ampicillin肝素heparin卡那霉素Kanamycin醋酸钾Potassium acetate异丙醇Isopropanol醋酸铵Ammonium acetate异戊醇Isoamyl alcohol氯仿Chloroform甲醇methanol高锰酸钾potassium hypermanganate考马斯亮蓝Coomassie brilliant blue液氮liquid nitrogen次氯酸钠clorox苯酚phenol阴离子anion碱性alkalinity。