2019-2020年高二英语Unit13学案新课标人教版语言知识纲要1．benefit from2．cover…with3．turn…upside down 4．fill…with5．e up with6．make notes of7．put an ice cube in each glass 8．transport9．call in10．range from…all the way to…11．that is12．break down13．bee available to14．take advantage of15．do the work16．be sensitive to17．absorb / be absorbed in 18．give off19．a variety of20．decrease21．float22．create a stable environment23．keep the temperature of the earth steady24．add energy to the ecosystems25．provide energy for the ecosystems26．provide both recreation and education for human beings27．contribute to…28．have a relatively high / low freezing point29．have a relatively high / low density30．the relationship between mass and volume重点知识点归纳1．benefit[vt]对……有益，得益于sth~sb=sth do good to sbeg. This is an invention that benefits mankind.[vi]~from / by sth 从……受益eg. Mankind benefits from the invention in many ways.[n.]be of benefit to…对…有益利益，常见搭配 for the benefit of…为了…的利益to one’s benefit 对某人有益get benefit from…从…中受益eg. Morning exercise your health.She does all this the people.The new policy will stabilize the prices of oil _________________.Exercises: 完成句子①The experience learned from work （对我有益）.②Your learning method is （对每个学生都有益）.③The book was boring. It wasn’t to me.A．benefit B．benefited C．of little benefit D．of much benefit2．transport [un] 运输；运送eg. Modern means of transport enable us to move more easily.The transport of coal is usually by rail.vt→运输；运送eg. A bus transported us from the airport to the city of Chengde.It took all day to transport the disaster relief materials to the flooded areas.3．range[n] 范围、山脉、生长地带①Though this factory in Shenzhen is small, it puts out a large range of products.②You will find there are many wild plants along the mountain range.③What’s the range of the elephant in Asia?v. 变化，变动，从……到……不等①Prices ranged from 5 dollars to 10 dollars.= Prices ranged .②Guo Moruo ranges among the greatest poets in modern China.③The discussion ranged over various problems.Exercises:①This undersea exploration will cover a large part of China’s coastal areas, from East China Sea to South China Sea.A．ranges B．to range C．ranging D．ranged②The temperature （在15到35摄氏度之间变化）.（年龄范围）is from six months to twelve years.His studies （涉及好几个学科）.China （位列面积最大的国家之一）.4．take advantage of 对……加以利用 / make use ofeg: We should take advantage of all educational opportunities.They take full advantage of the school library to educate students.※ havegain an advantage over 胜过……，取得比……更有利的地位winto one’s advantage 对……有利eg: Yao Ming has an advantage over others in playing basketball.The situation is getting better, to our advantage.反→disadvantage [n.]不利，不利条件at a disadvantage 处于不利地位to one’s disadvantage对某人不利put sb at a disadvantageeg: Her poor health put her at a ~ in the journey.Her height will be very much to her ~ if she wants to be a dancer.Exercises: 完成句子①His inability to speak English （将使他在参加国际会议时处于不利地位）.②（我的同桌优于我）in learning physics.③He always （很好地利用他的业余时间）.The young man （利用了我们的善良）to get much more help.④The students who have poor memories （处于劣势）in learning a foreign language.5．decrease[v.]变小、减少eg:①The doctor advised you to decrease the dose of the medicine as you feel better.②The number of traffic accidents has decreased by 10% this year.③The decided to decrease our wages to one thousand yuan a month.[n.]减少①The demand for Chinese tea is on the decrease.②A big decrease in sales caused the store to close.③There has been a decrease in our imports this year.Exercises: 完成句子①Many countries in the west enjoy （人口正逐渐减少）.②The pany is trying to （降低生产和管理成本）.③In China the deaths of AIDS are （在减少）year by year.④The population of tigers in that country （减少了10%）.6．absorb [v.] 吸收，吸取，吸引；理解，使全神贯注eg: Black cloth absorbs light.Plants absorb nutrients from the soil.The imported English book absorbs his attention.Did you absorb everything the professor said?The old man was absorbed in his own work.She was pletely absorbed in writing a letter when I entered.Exercises:①When I opened the door, I found my son sitting in his chair, pletelya magazine.A．absorbing in B．absorbed in C．absorbing to D．absorbed by②完成句子The medicine he took （很快被吸收）.Plants are of benefit to the environment by （吸收噪音）.He is （如此全神贯注地工作）that he forgot to havea rest.7．give off释放，放出eg: The cooker in the kitchen is giving a funny smell off.The sun give off great heat and light.※ give out 分发；发出（气味，热）等；用完，耗尽The teacher gave out the examination papers at the beginning of the class.The radiator is giving out a lot of heat.The enemy’s supplies began to give out.想一想：give in / give up / give away / give back8．sensitive [adj.]敏感的；灵敏的 be ~ to 对……敏感 / be ~ to（about）对……在乎/介意eg: His ears are highly sensitive to any unusual sound in the machine.A writer mustn’t be too sensitive to criticism.Some students are especially sensitive about making mistakes.※ make sense 有意义，讲得通make sense of明白，理解in no sense绝非in a sense就某种意义来说eg:①What you said at the class meeting doesn’t make sense.②His diary was so badly written that I couldn’t make sense of it.Exercises: 完成句子①My legs （对温度变化很敏感）.②Most girls （对自己的相貌很在乎）.③China is （决不软弱）in attacking terrorism.④（从某种意义上来说）, China is still a very backward country.⑤（有意义）to play online games ace the time?9. entertainment [u.]娱乐，招待eg: the entertainment business.A cinema is a place of entertainment.The city offers all kinds of entertainment for young and old.The hotel is famous for its good entertainment.[v.]→ entertain (vt/ vi) ①请客，招待eg: I don’t entertain often.My wife entertained them to dinner / as honoured guests.②逗乐，使开心Can you entertain the child for an hour while I make supper.Father entertained us with stories and jokes when we were young. 10．property[C.]特性，性质This plant has the property of healing burns.Soap has the property of removing dirt.Steal is a metal with the property of great strength.[u.]财产，资产The pany is his private property.The police found some stolen property hidden in the thief’s house. Exercise: 译一译1.爱护公物2.水有独特的性质11．relationship n. 关系，联系，亲属关系常用表达： A have a good/ close/ lasting/ business/ working relationshipwith B.There is a relationship between A and B.The relation (of A) to B.eg: ① the moon and the tides.（月亮与潮汐有关系）②She her students.（她学生关系很好）③I the president.（我与总裁建立了良好关系）④“What Alice?”“She is my wife.”（你与爱丽丝是什么关系）12．float (vt/ vi) （使）漂浮，浮现eg: Wood floats on water.Clouds were floating across the blue sky.They floated the logs down the river.The sight floated before my eyes.译一译：1．香飘满屋 2．他浮想联翩13．mass n.质量；团，块；大量Einstein studied the relation of energy and mass.There were great masses of clouds in the sky.Someone left a mass of rock in the yard.→ a mass of…/ masses of…大量的，许多eg: a mass of letters / books/ moneymasses ofExercise: I have （大量工作要做）.→ the mass of…= the majority of …大部分，大多数eg: The mass of modern people are influenced by television.14．recreation [u/c] 业余消遣，娱乐（方式）；（身心）放松eg: My favorite recreation is chess.Gardening is a kind of recreation.The Water World Recreation Center has many attractions.Ranging from simple swimming pools to exciting water thrill rides.15．trust (vt/ un) 信赖；信任，确信，认为；指望trust sb/ sth = have/ place trust in ……trust sb / sth to do = depend on sb/ sth to do……trust that……eg: You shouldn’t trust the man.I trust (that) you will enjoy your trip.You can’t trust the buses to run on time.（v phr）→ trust in = have confidence in …… (n phr)→ have/ place / put trust in……译一译：1．你要相信自己的判断。