人称一致的问题
• One third of the population here ___ workers. The population of the earth ___ incre asing every year. • His family ___very large. • His family ___ music lovers.
句子谓语
句子谓语的翻译处理：
选择和确定译文谓语 ，确 定译文谓语时的一些问题
主谓一致的问题
• 主谓一致涉及三个基本原则:
语法一致原则:主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致
意义一致原则:谓语动词的单、复数要取决于主语
所表达的概念，而不取决于表面上的语法标记
就近原则:当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成
时，谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致
•
Neither his family nor he knows anything about
it.
动词三性：时态、语气、语态
• 注意Tense, mood, voice
• 我是上海生上海长的。 • 错：I was born and grew up in shanghai. • 改： I was born and bred/raised/brought up in shanghai.
注意：
• more than one +名词“作主语时,谓语动词常 用单数
• More than one teacher gets the flowers.
• "many a +名词"作主语时,从意义上看是复数, 但谓语动词常用单数.
• Many a student has been sent to plant trees.
• all指人时,动词用复数;all指物时,动词用单数. • All are present and all is going well. • 动词不定式,动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动 词常用单数.
• Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.
• 国家贫富差距不断扩大。 • The gap between the rich and the poor countries is widening.
谓语动词练习：
• 亲爱的运动员们： • 长久以来，中国一直梦想着打开国 门，邀请世界各地的运动员来北京 参加奥运会。 • 今晚，梦想变成了现实，祝贺北京！ • 你们选择“同一个世界，同一个梦 想”作为本届奥运会的主题，今晚 就是这个主题的体现。
• 集体名词 (army, audience, class, club, company, cr owd, population, team, union, government , group, party ,family, staff, crew)作主语时， 若表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数，若表示构成 该集合体的成员，则谓语动词用复数。
• He as well as I ___ to go boating. • None of the work ____ been finished.
主谓一致
• The iron and steel industry __is__ very important to our life. • The League secretary and monitor _was__ asked to make a speech at the meeting. • The family __was__ watching TV when I c ame in. • The old _are_ taken good care of in China. • He as well as I _wants_ to go boating. • None of the work _has_ been finished.
试翻译以下句子
• 最近石油和燃料煤气的价格上涨了.（用along with ） • 昨晚,那个仓库连同其所有的货物一起被烧毁了. （用with all ） • 二十年在人的一生里意味着一个很长的时期. （用stand for ） • 他全家人和他都不知道那件事. （neither nor）
• Petroleum, along with fuel gas, has recently risen in price. • The warehouse, with all its stockings, was burned last night. • Twenty years stands for a long period in one's life.
主谓一致Subject-Verb Concord
• The iron and steel industry ____ very important to our life. • The League secretary and monitor ___
asked to make a speech at the meeting. • The family ____ watching TV when I came in. • The old ___ taken good care of in China.
就近原则
• there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与 最邻近的主语保持一致. • 由not only…but also…, not just…but…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…连接主语的句子 中及在there be句型中，谓语动词的单复数按 就近原则处理 • Not only John but also I ___ going to Shanghai next week. • Either you or she ___ to go. • 主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词 引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致.
• 有些集合名词，如cattle，folk， people，police，youth等，作主 语时，谓语动词用复数
The police have cau词作主 语，谓语用单数。
• All the furniture in my room is new。 •