专题十一特殊句式考点聚焦一、强调句陈述句型：It is/was +被强调部分+that/who...一般疑问句式：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who...疑问句式：特殊疑问词（被强调部分）is/was it that/who...?It is/was + not until...+that/who使用助动词do/does/did强调Eg:It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.It was him that/who we met at the school gate.Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket?Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out.Who was it that broke the window?What is it that you want me to do?It was not until ten ten o’clock that he went to bed.Do be careful!He does enjoy drawing.二、倒装1、全部倒装方位名词、副词或介词短语位于句首such位于句首Eg:Here comes the train to Beijing.On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple.Such was Albert Einstein.2、部分倒装1）only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句Eg:Only in this way can we learn English well.Only after the war learned he the sad news. (×)Only after the war did he learn the sad news. (√)Only when did he return did we find out the truth. (×)Only when he returned did he find out the truth. (√)Only can he answer the question. (×)Only he can answer the question. (√)2）表否定意义的副词和介词短语位于句首Eg:Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.At no time should you touch it or get it hurt.Not only do I enjoy less spare time, but I find myself even busier than before.Hardly had he begun to speak when his father.No sooner had she seen him than she smiled.3）虚拟条件句中如果有were/had/should, 省略if时，were/had/should要提到主语之前。
Eg:Were they here now, they could help me.4）as,though引导让步状语从句，要用倒装。
Eg:Tired as/though it seems, it is true.Try as he might, he didn’t pass the exam.5）so,neither,nor置于句首Eg:We saw the film last week. So did they.I have never been abroad. Neither has he.三、反意疑问句（前肯后否，前否后肯）1、陈述部分含有must，反意疑问句部分用needn’t;当含有mustn’t时，反意疑问句部分用must/mayEg:You must go now, needn’t you?You mustn’t smoke here, must/may you?2、陈述部分含有used to，反意疑问句部分用usedn’t 或didn’tEg:You used to sleep with the windows open, usedn’t/didn’t you?3、陈述部分含有ought to, 反意疑问句部分用oughtn’t/shouldn’tEg:He ought to attend the lecture, oughtn’t/shouldn’t he?4、陈述部分带有宾语从句，疑问部分与主句保持一致陈述部分的谓语动词是think, believe,suppose,imagine时：①主语是第一人称时，疑问部分与宾语从句主谓保持一致②主语是第二、三人称时，疑问部分与主句保持一致Eg:She said that he would come to my birthday party, didn’t he?I don’t believe he will succeed, will he?Tom doesn’t believe Jane will succeed, does he?5、陈述部分含有否定词或半否定词(seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few,little,nothing...)，疑问部分用肯定。
Eg:He could hardly walk without a stick, could he?注：陈述部分含有表“否定”意义的前缀构成的词，反意疑问部分一般用否定式。
Eg:Tom dislikes playing tennis, doesn’t he?6、附加问句的主语和陈述部分的主语在人称、数上保持一致的几种情况：陈述部分主语附加问句主语例句one(指人) one/he One can’t be careful, can he/one?this/that/these/those it/they This isn’t a fast train, is it?everything/anything.. it Nothing happened to him, did it?everybody/everyone.. he/they Nobody likes to be laughed at, does he/do they? 不定式、动名词、短语itLearning English well will take us a lot of time, doesn’tit?there be句型there There will be rain tomorrow, won’t there?7、祈使句的反意疑问句否定祈使句，+ will you?肯定祈使句，+ will/won’t you?Let’s..., + shall we?Let us..., + will/won’t you?Let +第三人称..., +will you?Eg:Open the door, will/won’t you?Let’s go out for a walk, shall we?Let us go home now, will/won’t you?四、主谓一致1、主谓一致的三条原则语法一致eg: A house is an animal.意义一致eg: Five miles is not a long distance.就近一致eg:Neither my wife nor I am interested in literature.2、谓语用单数的情况1)either of, neither of, one of, each of, every one of +复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。
Eg: Neither of the answers is right.Every one of the students has a book in hand.2)neither/either/every/each/more than one/many a+单数名词作主语，用and连接的单数名词作主语，前面有each, every, many a, no等，谓语动词用单数，如果是复数主语加each,谓语仍用复数。
Eg: No teacher and no student is admitted.The old worker and the young each have their own tools.3)some,any, no, every与body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语，谓语用单数。
Eg: Nobody/ no one was late for the meeting.Everything goes well with us.4)抽象名词、物质名词、不定式、动名词、主语从句充当主语，谓语用单数。
Eg: To study French well is not easy. Selling fake medicine is unlawful.That he is bright is known to us all.5)the variety of, the number of, a pair of, an amount of, the amount of, a quantity of (+不可数名词)作主语，谓语用单数。
Eg: The number of visitors is increasing.The total amount of money is 50 dollars.6)由and 连接的两个名词（指同一人、同一物时）作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Eg: Bread and butter is wholesome food.The secretary and manager is working in his office now.7)a portion of/ a series of/a species of+复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。
Eg: A large portion of the agricultural products is made in this province.A series of rainy days often spoils our summer vacation.8)表示重量、度量、衡量、价值的复数名词作主语被看做一个整体。